A feasibility study of a direct-mapping parallel processing method to solve linear equations in load-flow calculation

With the growing size and complexity of power systems, system analysis—such as transients calculation—takes much time. Hence, fast calculation methods are required. Although parallel processing is a hopeful method, there have been difficulties in the parallel solution of linear equations which appear in power-flow calculations by the Newton-Raphson method. This paper aims at the fast calculation of the power-flow problem by means of parallel processing. In order to improve the suitability to the parallel solution of the differential equation in transients calculation, we assume the use of a direct-mapping parallel processing machine to map directly the network of a power system onto a network of processors. Under this assumption, we propose a new parallel-processing-oriented method in which the linear equation is solved by linear iterations between nodes with Aitken acceleration. We simulate the method on three model power systems and compare this Parallel Iterative Method (PIN) with a Parallel Direct Method (PDM) which uses the banded matrix according to the number of operations required. As a result, we can expect that PIM may solve linear equations faster than PDM with m processors, although the PIM might be inferior to the PDM with m × m processors, where m denotes the half-band width of the banded matrix.     

三维地震勘探中强声波干扰的压制

在三维地震资料采集中产生的声波为非线性干扰波,能量强,频谱宽,利用常规的分频去噪和线性压噪方法难以将其去除,使后续的资料处理效果受到影响。基于声波具有非常稳定的传播速度这一特点,提出了一种利用非线性变换手段压制强声波干扰的方法。方法原理是,首先对三维地震资料中含声波到达时间的某段记录(时窗)进行转换,将非线性声波时距关系转换为速度趋于无穷、波数趋于零的一组噪声;然后应用f-k滤波对这组噪声进行压制;最后,再通过逆转换得到声波压制后的结果。该方法易于实现,并只对声波到达时间处的小范围数据进行处理,数据量小,计算效率高。对实际三维地震资料的处理结果表明,该方法压制强声波干扰的效果非常明显。     

一种全局优化的多面体凸分解匹配方法

提出了一种全局优化的多面体匹配方法，该方法对物体的拓扑关系和结构关系进行多级匹配,利用全局优化的松驰迭代方法减少匹配误差，并由匹配的一致性准则进行匹配结果的检测，根据物体的内在特征来进行匹配，从而解决非同构物体的匹配.可广泛应用于物体识别、三维物体重建、医学图象处理等领域，实验证明此方法质量好、自动化程度高，是一种有效的全局优化结构匹配方法．     

集团变分法(CVM)及其在合金相图计算中的应用

介绍了集团变分法的集团概率变量、配置熵等统计分析的理论基础及Helmholtz自由能的描述模型.提出了巨势及相对化学势的几何分析理论.讨论了应用集团变分法和巨势分析理论进行相平衡计算的过程,并分析了同结构平衡相图计算的若干实例.     

Finite elements in the analysis of pressure vessels and piping-a bibliography (1976–1996)

The paper gives a bibliographical review of the finite element methods (FEMs) applied for the analysis of pressure vessel structures/components and piping from the theoretical as well as practical points of view. The range of applications of FEMs in this area is wide and cannot be presented in a single paper; therefore the aim of this review is to give the reader an encyclopaedic view of the differnt possibilities that exist today for the finite element analysis in the fields of pressure vessels and piping. The bibliography at the end of the paper contains approximately 1900 references to papers, conference proceedings and theses/dissertations on the subject that were published in 1976–1996. These are classified in the following categories: linear and non-linear, static and dynamic, stress and deflection analysis; stability problems; thermal problems; fracture mechanics problems; contact problems; fluid-structure interaction problems; manufacturing of pipes and tubes; welded pipes and pressure vessel components; development of special finite elements for pressure vessels and pipes; finite element software; and other topics. Also finite element software, general purpose and special purpose codes, used for the analysis of pressure vessels and pipes are briefly discussed and presented.     

清平面板堆石坝抗震分析

根据面板堆石坝的结构特点和工作条件，采用动力非线性有限元法，对清平水库面板坝进行了空库和满库条件下地震反应分析与比较、混凝土面板地震抗滑稳定分析及坝基饱和细砂层的地震液化验算，综合评价大坝的安全性．     

A time aggregation approach to Markov decision processes

We propose a time aggregation approach for the solution of infinite horizon average cost Markov decision processes via policy iteration. In this approach, policy update is only carried out when the process visits a subset of the state space. As in state aggregation, this approach leads to a reduced state space, which may lead to a substantial reduction in computational and storage requirements, especially for problems with certain structural properties. However, in contrast to state aggregation, which generally results in an approximate model due to the loss of Markov property, time aggregation suffers no loss of accuracy, because the Markov property is preserved. Single sample path-based estimation algorithms are developed that allow the time aggregation approach to be implemented on-line for practical systems. Some numerical and simulation examples are presented to illustrate the ideas and potential computational savings.     

用于二维非线性静磁场计算的微型计算机程序TRIM／PC

一、引言TRIM是一个相当成熟的解二维非线性静磁问题的计算程序,它在束流光学系统设计中起着越来越重要的作用。最原始的TRIM程序是A.M.Winslow(Lawrence Radi-ation Laboratory,Livermore,California)编写的,后来又经多次修改扩充,并能运行在CDC-6600,IBM-360等中型计算机上。近年来,微型计算机的应用有了很大的发展,IBM-PC/XT或其兼容机在国内已相当普及。在微型机上运行应用软件会更有利于软件的     

波束形成和解码的联合迭代接收技术

SDMA技术是提高频谱利用率的有效技术，但在判决反馈最小均方波束形成中，在深衰落之后期望用户波束会指向干扰用户,严重影响了波束形成的性能。文中提出在波束形成和信道解码之后，经过编码、交织，重新生成波束形成的参考信号，再进行波束形成，有效克服了深衰落之后的波束指向错误。计算机仿真结果证明了该方法的有效性。     

蒙特卡洛法速度谱的自动拾取

蒙特卡洛速度谱的自动拾取采用一种非线性优化的快速方法，所得叠加速度的精度可以满足常规地震资料处理中叠加的要求，转换为层速度后可用于叠前深度偏移成象，在给定初始速度模型前提下建立优化目标函数。采用蒙特卡洛非线性优化算法，以最大相似度量准则在考虑实际地质条件前提下给出速度约束条件，对初始速度模型加以扰动，自动寻找速度谱中叠加能量的全局最优解，从而获得合理的速度模型。实际地震资料处理的应用结果表明，自动拾取速度谱比常规的人工速度谱解释工作的效率大幅度提高。在SUN Ultra60机上,仅需1h即可完成2000km的地震资料的速度谱拾取任务，而且所获得的速度模型不受人为因素影响，转换所得的层速度模型用于叠前深度偏移后，获得了满意的成象效果。