预包装肉制品营养标签的制作

对预包装肉制品营养标签的制作提出建议,帮助生产者正确进行营养信息的标注。严格按照标准规定,讨论预包装肉制品营养标签的制作要点。生产者应当全面把握、正确理解营养标签的有关标准和知识,为消费者提供准确的营养信息。     

秋刀鱼蛋白酶解物的制备及氨基酸评价

采用正交实验法优化制备秋刀鱼蛋白酶解物的最适工艺条件，探讨了影响秋刀鱼蛋白酶水解的主要因素。实验表明，最适的酶解条件为：复合酶与风味酶之比为1：3，复合酶量为0．100g／25g鱼肉，酶解温度为50℃，酶解时间为7h。在此条件下，秋刀鱼蛋白水解度为45．5％，总游离氨基酸含量为1800．53mg／100mL。经高效液相色谱分析，在水解产物中约50％的氨基酸为具有较高营养价值的抗氧化活性氨基酸和支链氨基酸。     

预包装快餐食品营养标签的制作

按照《食品安全国家标准预包装食品标签通则》及《食品营养标签管理规范》的要求测定了19种预包装快餐食品的4种核心营养成分(蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物、钠)及能量,并设计营养标签。快餐食品标示营养标签势在必行,可使消费者根据自身营养需求选择合适的食物,也可规范餐饮业生产行为,生产出健康、营养的美食。     

大学开设《食品营养与卫生》课程教学改革的探索

在大学生中开设《食品营养与卫生》选修课程是十分必要的。通过对课程教学的一系列改革,其中包括教学内容、教学方式及评价体系等方面的改革,对提高教学质量,增加学生的食品营养与安全意识都起到了很好的促进作用。     

论茶籽油的营养价值与保健功能

为了提高对茶籽油营养价值的认识,介绍了古代医书中茶籽油的功效、民间对茶籽油的认识、国际上对茶油籽的认识、茶籽油的营养成分、茶籽油对膳食平衡的作用及茶籽油的保健功能,说明茶籽油是一种营养、卫生、具有保健功能的优质食用油。     

广州市2008年和2010年超市食品营养标签标识情况的调查

通过调查了解<食品营养标签管理规范>实施后,2008年和2010年广州市超市食品营养标签标示情况,分析现状、提出建议.通过现场调查方法,对广州市12个超市6大类包装食品的营养标签标识状况进行调查.2008年和2010年食品营养标签的总体标识率分别为56%和60%,不同类别食品,不同规模超市标识率有较大差别.与2008年...     

城市居民食用油知识-态度-行为现况分析

了解城市居民食用油营养认知现状,为开展居民食用油营养宣教提供科学依据。采用多阶段分层随机抽样方法抽取北京、上海和郑州居民进行问卷调查,采用描述性统计学方法与χ2检验对城市居民食用油相关知识、态度、行为进行分析。结果表明:三市共调查645名城市居民,食用油知识总知晓率为50. 9%;正性态度总持有率为73. 1%。城市居民食用油相关知识知晓率较低,食用油相关态度较积极,存在不良的食用油相关行为,需根据性别、年龄、受教育程度等不同特点采取必要的科普宣教措施。     

Far-off and close-up dry matter intake modulate indicators of immunometabolic adaptations to lactation in subcutaneous adipose tissue of pasture-based transition dairy cows

The common practice of increasing dietary energy density during the close-up dry period (last ～3 wk prepartum) has been recently associated with a higher incidence of metabolic disorders after calving. Despite these reports, over-feeding of metabolizable energy (ME) during the far-off, nonlactating period is a common management policy aimed at achieving optimum calving body condition score (BCS) in pasture-based systems, as cows are generally thinner than total mixed ration cows at the end of lactation. Our hypothesis was that both far-off and close-up overfeeding influence the peripartum adipose tissue changes associated with energy balance and inflammatory state. Sixty mid-lactation, grazing dairy cows of mixed age and breed were randomly allocated to 1 of 2 groups that were managed through late lactation to achieve a low and high BCS (approximately 4.25 and 5.0 on a 10-point scale) at dry-off. The low BCS cows were then overfed ME to ensure that they achieved the same BCS as the higher BCS group by calving. Within each rate of BCS gain treatment, cows were offered 65, 90, or 120% of their pre-calving ME requirements for 3 wk pre-calving in a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments (i.e., 10 cows/treatment). Subcutaneous adipose tissue was collected via biopsy at ?1, 1, and 4 wk relative to parturition. Quantitative PCR was used to measure mRNA and microRNA expression of targets related to adipogenesis and inflammation. Cows overfed in the far-off period had increased expression of miR-143 and miR-378 prepartum (?1 wk) indicating greater adipogenesis, consistent with their rapid gain in BCS following dry-off. Furthermore, the lower postpartum expression of IL6, TNF, TLR4, TLR9, and miR-145, and a higher abundance of miR-99a indicated lower body fat mobilization in early lactation in the same group. In the close-up period, feeding either 65 or 120% of ME requirements caused changes in FASN, IL1B, IL6R, TLR9, and the microRNA miR-143, miR-155, and miR-378. Their respective expression patterns indicate a tentative negative-feedback mechanism in metabolically compromised, feed-restricted cows, and a possible immune-related stimulation of lipolysis in apparently static adipocytes in overfed cows. Data from cows fed 90% of ME requirements indicate the existence of a balance between lipolytic (inflammatory-related) and anti-lipolytic signals, to prime the mobilization machinery in light of imminent lactation. Overall, results indicate that far-off dry cow nutrition influences peripartum adipose tissue metabolism, with neither strategy negatively affecting the physiological adaptation to lactation. Furthermore, to ensure a favorable transition, cows should be subjected to a small feed restriction in the close-up period, irrespective of far-off nutritional management.     

猕猴桃的营养保健功能与开发利用研究

综述猕猴桃的营养价值和保健功能两方面的特性,研究了猕猴桃果汁饮料、果王油胶囊、果酒、果籽饼干、果脯产品的加工工艺和关键技术,并分析了猕猴桃深加工中存在的问题及其开发前景。     

贵州省麻鸭蛋的成分分析及营养评价

通过对贵州省六枝特区陇脚乡鸭蛋的蛋白质、氨基酸、脂肪、维生素、矿质元素等营养物质的分析与评价,结果显示:鸭蛋中不仅含有丰富的蛋白质、钙、铁、钾等营养物质,硒和维生素B2的含量较多,而且谷氨酸和天冬氨酸的含量也明显较高。另外,本地鸭蛋中脂肪含量明显低于普通鸭蛋。基于以上的质量分析与营养评价,为此,我们对贵州省六枝特区陇脚乡麻鸭蛋的规模化发展提出几点建议。