玻璃包覆纯铜微丝的制备与表征

采用熔融纺丝法制备了玻璃包覆纯铜微丝,对微丝进行了组织观察以及尺寸和缺陷表征,提出了不同冷却条件下的纯铜芯丝凝固过程模型,讨论了制备过程中存在的问题并提出了相应的解决方案.结果表明:在空气中自然冷却凝固的纯铜芯丝内部组织为细等轴晶,加冷却水快速冷却凝固制备的纯铜芯丝内部的晶粒沿着微丝长度方向呈竹节状整齐排列;当微丝外径为45μm、芯丝直径为25 μm时,外径尺寸波动在6%以内,芯丝直径误差小于4%;当原料质量存在问题或制备过程中拉丝速度、冷却速度等工艺参数匹配不合理时,易导致芯丝表面存在凹坑和凹槽等缺陷.     

镁基复合材料微区力学状态的有限元分析

弹性变形范围内,在采用三维有限元模型分析了颗粒增强Mg基复合材料(PRMMCs)中,颗粒的分布形态对材料微区力学状态的影响。结果表明,在保持颗粒长径比(2:1)和颗粒间距(d)不变的情况下,随着θ的变化,不存在颗粒断裂的危险,材料的主要失效方式为界面脱离和基体开裂。增强体相对夹角θ=15o时的结果优于其它情况,这更有利于充分发挥材料的性能。     

A1-Li合金的拉伸断裂过程研究

以2090 Ce合金为研究对象，对不同时效时间的室温拉伸断口进行了半定量分析，探讨了拉伸性能对断裂特征的响应关系，重点分析合金分层裂纹的形成过程。研究表明：2090 Ce合金的断裂方式以韧窝、分层开裂和沿亚晶界开裂3种为主，随时效时间的延长，韧窝、分层开裂逐渐减少，沿亚晶界开裂比例逐渐加大：分层开裂程度与时效程度有密切关系：分层开裂过程与试样内部受力状态、晶界状态有密切关系。分层最先发生在试样中心，随后在二分之一、四分之一……处反复发生，最终将试样分割成一系列平行的薄板。时效后期由于亚晶界的弱化，使裂纹倾向沿亚晶界扩展，从而抑制分层开裂的发生，同时导致合金强度，尤其是塑性的下降。     

液膜法分离富集,测定水中微量锶

用乳状液膜体系对锶进行分离富集，该体系包括协同流动载体（ＰＭＢＰ，ＴＢＰ），表面活性剂（ＳＰＡＮ８０）增强剂（丙三醇）溶剂（正己烷）和内相（１．２ｍｏｌ／Ｌ的盐酸溶液），实验表明，在适宜的条件下，锶的富集效率可达９９．５％以上，而在此条件下许多共存离子，如Ｆｅ＾３＋，Ａｌ＾３＋，Ｃａ＾２＋，Ｍｇ＾２＋，Ｂａ＾２＋，Ｃｒ＾３＋，ＣＯ＾２＋，Ｎｉ＾２＋，Ｚｒ＾４＋，Ｃｕ＾２＋，Ｚｎ＾２＋，Ｐｂ＾２＋和     

金属热塑性成型数值模拟中的时空耦合算法

提出一种应用于金属热塑性成型数值模拟中的时空耦合算法。将热力交织的非稳定非均质问题在时间和空间上分解开来,变成瞬间的稳定、均质问题和热力承转反馈的递推过程,并且能够进行各种关联成型行为的穿插计算,为成型模拟提供了更大的发展空间。     

铝/空心微珠复合材料弹性性能的预测研究

根据复合材料的基本原理建立了复合材料弹性模量的本构方程，在这基础上利用有限元的方法预测了空心微珠增强铝基复合材料的弹性模量，并在模拟中考察了空心微珠体积百分比（Vf）、空心微珠壁厚与空心微珠半径的比值（t／R）两个参数对弹性模量的影响。通过将有限元模拟结果与理论计算结果相比较，发现结果具有较好的一致性。由于有限元模型和公式是理想模型，其结果比实验值要高，为此，通过考虑空心微珠增强铝基复合材料的主要缺陷，从而使模拟值更接近于实验值。     

建立企业管理信息系统的思想、方法及其开发途径

本文以系统工程的思想和方法为指导,就企业如何建立管理信息系统,尤其是对认真做好各项前期准备工作等方面的问题,作了较全面、深入的论述。     

机床电力拖动脉冲宽度调制技术的研究

本文重点介绍用于机床电力拖动系统中的电机脉冲调制(PWM)技术，在分析现有脉冲宽度调制技术的基础上，提出一种采用优化技术生成PWM调制波的方法，推导了优化PWM调制波的求解过程，给出了其计算公式。     

First-principles calculation of phase equilibria and phase separation of the Fe-Ni alloy system

Theoretical investigation of the phase equilibria of the Fe-Ni alloy has been performed by combining the FLAPW total energy calculations and the Cluster Variation Method through the Cluster Expansion Method. The calculations have proved the stabilization of the LIE phase at 1：3 stoichiometry, which is in agreement with the experimental result, and predicted the existence of L1 0 as a stable phase below 550 K; this L1 0 phase has been missing in the conventional phase diagram. The calculations are extended to the Fe-rich region that is characterized by a wide range phase separation and has drawn considerable attention because of the intriguing Invar property associated with a Fe concentration of 65%. To reveal the origin of the phase separation, a P-V curve in an entire concentration range is derived by the second derivative of free energy functional of the disordered phase with respect to the volume. The calculation confirmed that the phase separation is caused by the breakdown of the mechanical-stability criterion. The newly calculated phase separation line combined with the L1 0 and L12Eorder-disordered phase boundaries provides phase equilibria in the wider concentration range of the system. Furthermore, a coefficient of thermal expansion （CTE） is attempted by incorporating the thermal vibration effect through harmonic approximation of the Debye-Gruneisen model. The Invar behavior has been reproduced, and the origin of this anomalous volume change has been discussed.     

Thermodynamic database of the phase diagrams in the Mg-Al-Zn-Y-Ce system

The Mg-Al-Zn-Y-Ce system is one of the key systems for designing high-strength Mg alloys. The purpose of the present article is to develop a thermodynamic database for the Mg-Al-Zn-Y-Ce multicomponent system to design Mg alloys using the calculation of phase diagrams （CALPHAD） method, where the Gibbs energies of solution phases such as liquid, fcc, bcc, and hcp phases were described by the subregular solution model, whereas those of all the compounds were described by the sublattice model. The thermodynamic parameters describing Gibbs energies of the different phases in this database were evaluated by fitting the experimental data for phase equilibria and thermodynamic properties. On the basis of this database, a lot of information concerning stable and metastable phase equilibria of isothermal and vertical sections, molar fractions of constituent phases, the liquidus projection, etc., can be predicted. This database is expected to play an important role in the design of Mg alloys.