国家高技术产业化示范项目工程设计问题探讨

国家高技术产业化项目的工程设计是一个新的设计课题。和传统的项目工程设计相比 ,尽管设计程式相同 ,但具体设计有其全新的一面。笔者结合具体的设计项目 ,分析了设计院在进行国家高技术产业化项目工程设计中面临的问题 ,提出了解决问题的 4个方面 ,旨在引起广泛的关注 ,将该类项目设计工作做得更好。     

机床导轨面缺陷修复技术的分析

通过对机床导轨面缺陷修复的几种传统焊补方法的介绍及对各种方法不同特点的分析,确定机床导轨面缺陷修复局限性的存在原因.同时,对一种新出现的铸造缺陷修复技术及其设备铸造缺陷修补机,进行了实践操作实验和试棒的显微组织分析,说明用铸造缺陷修补机修复机床导轨面缺陷是符合质检标准的,证明了缺陷修补机在铸件缺陷修复方面是值得推广的一项新技术.     

Deformation behaviour and oxidation resistance of single-phase and two-phase L21-ordered Fe–Al–Ti alloys

Single-phase Fe–Al–Ti alloys with the Heusler-type L2₁ structure and two-phase L2₁ Fe–Al–Ti alloys with MgZn₂-type Laves phase or Mn₂₃Th₆-type τ₂ phase precipitates were studied with respect to hardness at room temperature, compressive 0.2% yield stress at 20–1100 °C, brittle-to-ductile transition temperature (BDTT), creep resistance at 800 and 1000 °C and oxidation resistance at 20–1000 °C. At high temperatures the L2₁ Fe–Al–Ti alloys show considerable strength and creep resistance which are superior to other iron aluminide alloys. Alloys with not too high Ti and Al contents exhibit a yield stress anomaly with a maximum at temperatures as high as 750 °C. BDTT ranges between 675 and 900 °C. Oxidation at 900 °C is controlled by parabolic scale growth.     

Evaluation of high temperature corrosion resistance of a Ni3Al (Mo) alloy

The sulfidation/oxidation and carburization resistances of a Ni₃Al(Mo) (IC-6) alloy at high temperatures were investigated in this work. The corrosion kinetics of the IC-6 alloy was found to follow parabolic rate law in an environment of high partial pressures of sulfur (10⁻⁵ atm) and low partial pressures of oxygen (<10⁻²⁰ atm) at 700 °C. Because the Ni sulfides are readily formed at the testing temperature, the sulfidation/oxidation resistance of the IC-6 alloy is similar to that of commercial Ni–Cr alloys in the current environments, although IC-6 is alloyed with Al. Compared with the HP heat resistant steel which is commonly used in the petrochemical industry, the IC-6 alloy possesses significantly improved resistance to carburization at 1100 °C. The mechanisms governing the corrosion attack in the environments used in this investigation were also discussed.     

率的等效性检验方法的比较

目的:对10 种率的等效性检验方法的Ⅰ 型误差和检验效能进行比较, 并据此选择较好的方法估计样本含量, 以便实际工作者应用。方法:采用Monte Carlo 模拟试验。结果:10 种方法中, 以Dunnett-Gent 方法为最佳, 并按该方法估计了样本含量。模拟试验表明, 率的等效性检验所需要的样本含量非常大, 当试验组和参考组各只有100 例时, 任何等效性检验方法的检验效能均较低。结论:按目前国家食品药品监督管理局规定的最低样本含量100对,相应的检验效能很低,建议用统计学方法进行估计。     

油封唇口压力大小及分布的有限元分析

利用ANSYS建立了橡胶油封的2维轴对称模型,分析了过盈量、唇口接触宽度R,弹簧劲度以及后唇角β与油封唇口压力大小及分布的关系。分析结果验证了前人在油封设计及应用选型方面经验的正确性。该分析方法在油封设计及选型方面将起到一定的指导意义。这些分析为油封的构型优化奠定了基础。     

撞击流制备高纯纳米氢氧化镁技术研究

采用撞击流反应结晶方法，以青海盐湖水氯镁石为原料，制备了高纯纳米氢氧化镁。研究了各种操作条件对氢氧化镁纯度的影响，并确定了控制因素。并采用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）对颗粒形态进行表征。结果表明：可以制备出纯度大于99％、平均粒径为13．5nm的氢氧化镁。适宜条件：镁离子浓度0．25mol／L，镁离子与氢氧根浓度比1：2，反应温度40℃，搅拌时间30min，搅拌转速400r／min，撞击流率100mL／min。     

油箱壁板裂纹分析

两批油箱壁板在加工完成后,放置一段时间后出现裂纹.通过对故障油箱壁板的裂纹宏观观察、断口的宏微观观察以及裂纹金相分析和材料的性能测试,对壁板裂纹的性质与原因进行了分析.结果表明,两批油箱壁板裂纹的性质均为应力腐蚀开裂,壁板上应力腐蚀裂纹的产生与壁板材料的热处理状态、壁板加工后较高的残余应力以及存放环境中的腐蚀介质有关.     

The oxidation of nanocrystalline Ni3Al fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering

Nanocrystalline Ni₃Al was fabricated through mechanical alloying of elemental powders and spark plasma sintering. The nanocrystalline Ni₃Al has a nearly full density after being sintered at 1223 K for 10 min under a pressure of 65 MPa. Isothermal and cyclic oxidations of nanocrystalline Ni₃Al were tested at 1173–1373 K with intervals of 100 K. The results indicate that nanocrystalline Ni₃Al exhibits excellent isothermal and cyclical oxidation resistance. The oxide scales consist primarily of dense and continuous -Al₂O₃. The grain refinement is beneficial for improving the oxidation resistance of Ni₃Al by providing more nucleation centers for the Al₂O₃ formation, promoting the selective formation of Al₂O₃ and improving the adhesion of oxide scales to the matrix.     

数据的一致性与并发访问控制

数据的一致性是数据库应用程序生存的前提。如何控制在多用户时出现的并发访问?也就是将这些并发事务隔离在互不干扰的环境中,且能保证最大的并发度就是一个非常重要的课题。