Coupling geometric analysis and viability theory for system exploration: Application to a living food system

This paper addresses the issue of studying a food complex system in a reverse engineering manner with the aim of identifying the set of all possible actions that makes it reach a quality target with respect to manufacturing constraints. Once the set of actions is identified, several criteria can be considered to identify interesting trajectories and control policies. A viability approach, coupling the viability theory and a geometric approach of robustness, is proposed to study complex dynamical systems. It can be implemented for several types of systems, from linear to non linear or hybrid systems. The proposed framework was adapted to a living food system: a ripening model of Camembert cheese to identify the set of states and actions (capture basin) from which it is possible to reach a predefined quality target. Within the set of viable trajectories, particular trajectories that improve the Camembert cheese ripening process are identified using the proposed approach. The results are applied at a pilot scale and are discussed in this paper.     

俄罗斯石油工业改革的现状和问题

近年来作为俄罗斯经济支柱产业的石油工业，在自身发展过程中，其体制改革和生产等方面都取得一些进步，但目前仍存在着许多急待解决的重要问题，因此对俄罗斯石油工业进行一些概括性的分析和梳理对深刻认识俄罗斯石油工业未来的发展趋势是有益的。     

我国燃料乙醇产业及其对石油消费的局部替代性研究

从燃料乙醇局部替代石油消费的角度，结合经济计量模型和实地调研对燃料乙醇产业未来的盈利能力，市场规模以及其对玉米市场冲击进行了阐述。     

C5石油树脂在橡胶中应用的探讨

将Ｃ５石油树脂应用于丁苯橡胶（ＳＢＲ）和天然橡胶（ＮＲ）／顺丁橡胶（ＢＲ）并用胶中进行了全面性能试验。结果表明：国产和进口树脂的各项性能基本一致；适量加入树脂对胶料物理性能无明显影响；Ｃ５树脂对胶料具有明显增粘效果，是一种值得大力推广的产品。     

Solvent fractionation of petroleum pitch for mesophase formation

Petroleum pitch (Ashland A240) has been subjected to thermal treatment and solvent fractionation to produce refined pitches to be evaluated as impregnants for C-C composites. The solvent fractions were obtained by sequential Soxhlet extraction with solvents such as hexane, benzene, and pyridine. Thermal treatment to 408 °C produced a mesophase pitch (≈50% mesophase); an appreciable portion of the mesophase was soluble in strong solvents. There were substantial differences in chemical composition and in pyrolysis behaviour of the fractions. As the depth of fraction increased, the pyrolysis yield and bloating increased, and the microstructure of the coke became finer until glassy microconstituents were formed in the deepest fractions.     

水射流清洗技术在石油行业中的应用

简要介绍了水射流清洗机理,对水射流清洗钻杆、油管、油井解堵技术进行了详细的分析,介绍了几种技术的技术特点,操作工具和应用情况。水射流清洗技术具有清洁、节能、方便快捷、成本低等优点,在清洗行业中将发挥重要作用。     

内蒙古花敖包特银铅锌矿床成矿特征研究与物化探勘查进展

花敖包特铅锌银矿床是近年来新发现的位于大兴安岭南段西坡银多金属成矿带上一重要矿床。自2000年通过土壤地球化学测量与激电测量发现本矿床以来,相继对该矿床进行了一系列地质基础理论研究以及有效勘查,包括通过各种地质方法揭示矿体成矿规律、探查矿体控制要素,运用物探勘查技术（高精度磁测、瞬变电磁法以及激电测量等）、化探勘查技术（土壤地球化学测量以及深穿透地球化学技术等）以及三维地质建模技术对矿区深部及其外围进行勘查,取得了一些新的认识,通过这些勘查研究显示本矿床在深部和外围仍具有良好的成矿前景。     

综合物探方法在地热资源勘查中的应用

地热资源作为一种可再生资源,具有安全、清洁、储量巨大的特点,可用于发电、工业和直接利用等。介绍了地热资源的成因和类型,分析了几种常见地热资源的分布特征,探讨了综合物探方法在地热资源勘探中的应用及前景。     

磁西勘查区主采煤层煤层气赋存特征

据勘探研究磁西勘查区主采煤层既是煤层气源岩,又是其储集层,煤层有机显微组分以镜质组为主,煤的变质程度为中~高变质的烟煤~无烟煤,生气量较高,为高瓦斯矿区。本区以正断层为主,断层使煤层与泥质岩层接触,具有一定的封闭性。煤层埋深较大,主采2号煤层直接顶板为泥岩、粉砂岩,岩性致密,透气性较差,有利于煤层气资源的保存,从而使煤层气含量升高。     

石油烃、Cu2+单一与复合污染对沙蚕的毒性效应

在实验室模拟条件下研究了石油烃、Cu2+单一与复合污染对沙蚕的毒性效应.试验的结果表明,沙蚕的死亡率与石油烃、Cu2+的浓度呈显著相关关系.其半数致死浓度LC50分别为:30.2～116.26μg/L(石油烃);449.52～1130.34μg/L(Cu2+).沙蚕体内Cu2+的积累量随着暴露溶液中Cu2+浓度的上升而增加,当Cu2+的浓度>500μg/L时,这一变化十分显著;而沙蚕体内石油烃的含量随着暴露溶液中石油烃浓度的升高无显著变化.而Cu2+和石油烃复合污染对沙蚕的毒性作用较为复杂,在不同的处理中,表现出了协同和拮抗两种作用方式.同时,在Cu2+与石油烃复合污染条件下,沙蚕体内Cu2+的积累量也有显著变化.在复合处理组中,当Cu2+的浓度达到500μg/L时,Cu2+在沙蚕体内的积累量与Cu2+单一污染相比,Cu2+在沙蚕体内积累量相比显著降低.