火烧驱油物理模型的研究及应用

为配合火烧驱油的矿场试验 ,胜利油田有限公司采油工艺研究院研制了火烧驱油物理模型。模型主要由模型本体、注气系统、注水系统、油气分离系统、测量与控制系统 5部分组成。大量的室内和矿场模拟试验表明 ,这种物理模型具有立式和卧式模型两种功能 ,可模拟不同地层条件下湿式和干式火烧驱油试验。分析研究模拟试验数据不仅可加深对火烧驱油机理的认识 ,而且对现场火烧驱油试验具有指导意义     

Liquid crystalline polymers as additives to enhance the device properties of low molecular mass liquid crystals

Magnetic and electric fields have been used to determine the splay (k₁₁) and bend (k₃₃) elastic constants in a series of polymer/monomer liquid crystal solutions using the well known Freedericksz transition technique. Measurements have been carried out as a function of concentration and temperature. The polymer used was a smectogenic polysiloxane side chain liquid crystal with both cyanobiphenyl and benzoate ester side groups. The monomeric solvent was the nematogen 4-n-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl. All of the solutions studied were nematogenic up to a concentration of 40% w/w. It has been shown that k₁₁, k₃₃ and $\text{k}{}_{33}\text{k}{}_{11}$ all decrease with increasing polymer concentration and that at high enough concentrations $\text{k}{}_{33}\text{k}{}_{11}$ tends to become independent of temperature. The implications of these results are discussed in terms of the performance of the most common liquid crystal display, i.e. the twisted nematic device.     

Calorimetric determination of the enthalpy change for the binding of methyl orange to poly(vinylpyrrolidone) in aqueous solution

Thermodynamic parameters have been determined for the interaction of methyl orange and poly(vinylpyrrolidone) in aqueous solutions containing tris, tris and hydrochloric acid, or water only. Enthalpy changes were determined by use of a flow microcalorimeter. Free energy changes were calculated from the results of equilbrium dialysis studies. The results are interpreted in terms of the behaviour of poly(vinylpyrrolidone) in these systems. Analysis of data shows that the hydrophobic interactions in the systems are in the order: tris > wateronly > tris-HC1.     

Linear viscoelastic properties of mixtures of 3- and 4-arm polybutadiene stars

The viscoelastic properties of a three-arm and a four-arm star polybutadiene with the same arm molecular weight (M_a) were studied. The zero-shear recoverable compliance (J⁰_e) and plateau modulus (G⁰_N) for these stars are the same. The zero-shear viscosity (η₀) of the three-arm star is 20% lower than that of the four-arm star. Mixtures of the stars had J⁰_e and G⁰_N unchanged. A $\text{50}\text{50}$ mixture of the three- and four-arm star was diluted with a low molecular weight linear polybutadiene. G⁰_N∝ø²; J⁰_e∝ø^?1 and M_e∝ø^?1, as expected for dilution with a θ-solvent.     

注聚井注入状况诊断方法研究

在室内试验和动态分析的基础上，对引起注聚井注入困难的原因进行了分析，提出了利用单井动态预测结果和实际注入动态曲线对比判断聚合物注入状况的方法，建立了预测注聚井注入动态的预测模型，并对数值模拟计算结果进行了分析。同时还评价了现场应用效果。通过数值模拟和实际注入动态曲线对比，可以初步判断待措施井有无近井地带堵塞，为提高注聚井压解堵措施的有效性奠定了基础。     

透湿膜的透湿机理与膜的研究概况

基于透湿膜的空气除湿是一种比较新颖的空气除湿方法。本文介绍了各种膜在空气除湿领域的应用情况，结合对膜制备工艺的简要介绍，侧重对原除湿原理，亲水性的高分子纤维素膜，凝胶膜和分子筛无机膜在空气除湿领域的研究和进展进行了分析。     

无锚定不蠕动分层注水管柱的研制

对细分注水管柱蠕动原因进行了分析研究，对细分注水管柱进行了受力分析，在此基础上，对细分注水工艺管柱的结构和工具进行了改进设计。通过现场试验，开发了这套无锚定不蠕动分层注水管柱，有效地解决了细分注水管柱蠕动问题。     

DSC and DMTA characterization of ternary blends

The phase behavior of ternary blends made of poly(epichlorohydrin) (PECH), poly(vinyl acetate) (PVAc) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) has been investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and dynamic mechanical thermal analysis (DMTA). DMTA measurements have been shown to be more sensitive than DSC for the detection of a second phase, for the determination of the composition of each phase, and the distribution of PECH in each of them. About 70% PECH was required to obtain a single narrow T_g in the ternary system, which suggests a single homogeneous phase in the limit of sensitivity of DMTA. This study also emphasizes the importance of the composition of the immiscible polymer pair (i.e. the PVAc/PMMA pair in the PECH/PVAc/PMMA system), in addition to the thermodynamic interaction parameters, for controling the phase behavior of ternary systems.     

液晶杂环高聚物的合成

首次较详细地论述了聚苯撑苯并二噻唑或二咪唑（ＰＢＴ或ＰＢＯ或ＰＢＩ）、聚苯并噻唑或恶唑（ＡＢＰＰＢＴ或ＡＢＰＢＯ）、聚苯并二咪唑苯并菲绕啉二酮（ＰＱ）及其衍生物的合成方法和相应的特性粘数。     

Retention of gallium ions from acidic solutions by pyridine strong‐base anion exchangers

Using the batch method, the retention of Ga(III) from HCl solutions by two gel‐type pyridine strong‐base anion exchangers containing 1‐methyl‐ or 1‐butyl‐4‐vinylpyridinium chloride structural units, called S₁ and S₂ resins, respectively, was studied. The influence of the HCl and Ga(III) concentrations as well as of the contact time between the resin and the liquid phase was investigated. The parameters, which characterize the retention process, were estimated using Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. Both resins exhibited a higher affinity for gallium ions from a 6M HCl solution. According to Langmuir isotherms, maximum retention capacities of 44.44 and 60 mg Ga(III)/g dry resin for the S₁ and S₂ resins, respectively, were obtained. Freundlich isotherms provide additional proof for a higher affinity of the S₂ resin for Ga(III) from HCl solutions. It is clear that the substituent length increase on N⁺ atoms led to an increasing affinity of the pyridine strong base anion exchangers toward Ga(III). © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 86: 3440–3444, 2002