基于信息的智能控制理论研究

本文介绍的基于信息的智能控制理论的发展过程，主要分为智能控制的信息指标和智能控制的信息结构分析两部分，文中在最后对这套理论可能的发展方向进行了探讨。     

地面反射波谱与卫星磁带记录数据间关系模拟的初步探讨──以冬小麦和土壤为例

根据冬小麦和土壤地面反射波谱测试数据，计算了在卫星高度上与卫星磁带数据相对应波段的辐亮度值，对ＮＯＡＡＡＶＨＲＲ和ＴＭ某些通道的差值绿度植被指数ＤＶＩ、归一化绿度植被指数ＮＤＶＩ和比值绿度植被指数ＲＶＩ的分析，从理论上证明了目前采用ＴＭＤＶＩ＿（４，３）提取冬小麦种植面积和ＮＯＡＡＮＤＶＩ＿（２，１）区分植被和土壤背景的有效性。同时在冬小麦种植面积和长势监测方面提出了一些新建议。     

Management of multidimensional discrete data

Spatial database management involves two main categories of data: vector and raster data. The former has received a lot of in-depth investigation; the latter still lacks a sound framework. Current DBMSs either regard raster data as pure byte sequences where the DBMS has no knowledge about the underlying semantics, or they do not complement array structures with storage mechanisms suitable for huge arrays, or they are designed as specialized systems with sophisticated imaging functionality, but no general database capabilities (e.g., a query language). Many types of array data will require database support in the future, notably 2-D images, audio data and general signal-time series (1-D), animations (3-D), static or time-variant voxel fields (3-D and 4-D), and the ISO/IEC PIKS (Programmer's Imaging Kernel System) BasicImage type (5-D). In this article, we propose a comprehensive support ofmultidimensional discrete data (MDD) in databases, including operations on arrays of arbitrary size over arbitrary data types. A set of requirements is developed, a small set of language constructs is proposed (based on a formal algebraic semantics), and a novel MDD architecture is outlined to provide the basis for efficient MDD query evaluation.     

低频电脉冲采油工程设备的开发与应用

低频电脉冲采油技术是通过升压、整流、充电等电路将电能蓄积在电容器中,通过触发电路,使能量瞬时释放,在井内液体中产生震动波,作用于地层,改善地层的渗流状况,达到提高采收率的目的。Ⅰ型设备在双河油田应用11井次,成功率72%;Ⅱ型设备在古城油田应用10井次,成功率90%。主要是由于Ⅰ型设备关键部件在处理油井时要放在井下,受高温、高压的影响及井下空间的限制,设备稳定性差、寿命短、能量小、效果差;Ⅱ型设备解决了上述问题,从而提高了试验成功率。     

Critical-point drying versus freeze drying for scanning electron microscopy: a quantitative and qualitative study on isolated hepatocytes

Critical-point drying and freeze drying were compared both quantitatively and qualitatively as preparative procedures for scanning electron microscopy. Isolated hepatocytes were used as model cells. Nomarski differential interference contrast microscopy was used for light microscopic measurements of the hepatocytes in the unfixed, the glutaraldehyde fixed, the glutaraldehyde + OsO₄ fixed, the critical-point dried and the freeze dried states. Critical-point dried hepatocytes were found to shrink to 38% of glutaraldehyde + OsO₄ fixed volume, whereas optimal freeze dried hepatocytes (frozen in water saturated with chloroform and freeze dried at 183 K for 84 h) were found to shrink to 51% of glutaraldehyde + OsO₄ fixed volume. Transmission and scanning electron micrographs of the critical-point dried cells showed well-preserved ultrastructure and surface structure. Micrographs of the freeze dried cells showed ultrastructure destroyed by internal ice crystals and surface structure destroyed by external ice crystals. Double-fixed isolated hepatocytes were shown to swell during storage in buffer and to shrink during storage after critical-point drying. For low magnification scanning electron microscopy (up to about 3000 times) both critical-point drying and freeze drying can be used. However, for high magnification scanning electron microscopy, critical-point drying is superior to freeze drying.     

现场总线技术在城市污水处理与气象中的应用

文章主要讨论了LonWorks现场总线技术在城市污水处理厂和气象指数预报中的应用。采用IPC和PLC控制结构对现场的各种设备实现控制和数据的采集，通过现场总线网络传输数据到中心控制室或远程终端，实现污水处理的自动控制和气象信息的实时采集和处理。     

分析矩形光波导损耗的简易方法

利用有效折射率和修正的有效折射率方法对矩形光波导的损耗作了简单有效的分析，并且计算出了纵向传播系数和衰减系数的大小。     

由光率体求导折射率及振动方向的新方法

从光率体出发，利用坐标轴旋转，导出了光在晶体中传播时折射率及振动方向的公式。     

NO emission characteristics in counterflow diffusion flame of blended fuel of H2/CO2/Ar

Flame structure and NO emission characteristics in counterflow diffusion flame of blended fuel of H₂/CO₂/Ar have been numerically simulated with detailed chemistry. The combination of H₂, CO₂ and Ar as fuel is selected to clearly display the contribution of hydrocarbon products to flame structure and NO emission characteristics due to the breakdown of CO₂. A radiative heat loss term is involved to correctly describe the flame dynamics especially at low strain rates. The detailed chemistry adopts the reaction mechanism of GRI 2.11, which consists of 49 species and 279 elementary reactions. All mechanisms including thermal, NO₂, N₂O and Fenimore are taken into account to separately evaluate the effects of CO₂ addition on NO emission characteristics. The increase of added CO₂ quantity causes flame temperature to fall since at high strain rates a diluent effect is prevailing and at low strain rates the breakdown of CO₂ produces relatively populous hydrocarbon products and thus the existence of hydrocarbon products inhibits chain branching. It is also found that the contribution of NO production by N₂O and NO₂ mechanisms are negligible and that thermal mechanism is concentrated on only the reaction zone. As strain rate and CO₂ quantity increase, NO production is remarkably augmented. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

将紫外光谱用于溴指数测定方法的选择

对未知组成的样品进行紫外光谱扫描 ,根据扫描结果以及各种溴指数测定方法的适用范围 ,选择测定未知物溴指数的适宜方法 ,以提高测定准确度。