基于PSD的腔体相对位移测量方法设计

为了测量只能在侧壁安装检测装置的腔体间相对位移,设计了基于面光源的光位移传感器（PSD）位移测量系统。系统将PSD两路电信号的I-V转换、反向放大等信号调理在一片AD824处理,并采用对射式的检测方法,减小了系统体积,简化了结构设计。介绍了位移测量实现过程,并设计系统的标定工装,通过数据后处理方法减小测量误差,提高测量精度。实验结果表明,系统在30mm量程范围内线性度好,可重复性高,工作在10KHz不失真,可用于腔体振动等测量,具有很高的实用性。     

集总参数微波多工器的设计

介绍了集总参数LC微波多工器的设计原理和MicrowaveOffice在微波多工器设计中的应用。从工程实践的角度提供了一种易调试、低成本LC微波多工器的设计模型,该模型主要采用高通滤波器和低通滤波器相互组合来实现有用信号的合并与分离,使设计简单易调,适合于批量生产。给出了集总参数微波多工器软件设计的仿真效果和设计模块的测试结果。从测试结果可以看出,主要通道的相对群时延特性和回波损耗特性与仿真结果符合较好。     

基于Pandora 观测的OMI 全球臭氧产品精度验证

臭氧是大气中一种重要的微量气体, 是影响对流层与平流层大气运动的重要成分之一, 臭氧的高精度探测 对于环境和气候具有重要的意义。OMI 传感器是目前具备探测全球臭氧含量的主要遥感传感器之一。利用地基 Pandora 观测网全球范围内44 个臭氧观测站点数据对OMI 卫星数据产品进行了精度验证。结果表明: OMI 臭氧产品 与Pandora 地基测量结果之间具有很好的线性相关性, 相关系数达到0.948, 但精度结果存在区域差异。在南半球地区, 相关系数为0.915; 在北半球低纬度地区, 其相关系数为0.932, 中纬度地区相关系数为0.948, 而在高纬度地区, 相关系 数达到了0.957。此外, 验证精度还与臭氧柱总量存在相关性, 在臭氧柱总量低于220 Du (对应臭氧空洞条件) 时, OMI 卫星产品存在高估现象, 高估约13%; 而在臭氧柱总量高于400 Du 时, OMI 的臭氧产品低于Pandora 地基测量结果, 且 随着臭氧柱总量增加, 低估情况也越严重, 在臭氧柱总量达到500 Du 时, OMI 臭氧产品低估约4%。     

中国大陆及邻近海域的中强地震热红外异常研究

应用中国静止气象卫星FY-2C/2E遥感亮温资料,通过小波变换和计算相对功率谱,分析提取了中国大陆及邻近海域14次中强地震的热红外异常特征。其特征为:(1)异常具有明显的特征周期。大陆地震的周期主要为13天和64天,海域地震的周期都在32天以下。震中位置相近的地震具有相同的特征周期;(2)异常的最大幅度明显且易于识别。幅度都在8倍以上,最高甚至达到20倍;(3)地震多发生在异常区域的内部及其边缘,异常出现与消失的过渡区域是可能的震中位置;(4)干旱地区大陆地震的特征周期较长,潮湿地区的较短;(5)最大异常出现时间与地震发生时间的关系、异常峰值与震级的关系尚不明确;(6)对比大陆地震与海域地震,二者在异常幅度、异常出现时间与地震时间的关系、异常幅度与震级的关系等方面存在相似性,在特征周期和异常范围方面的表现有所不同。     

一种可用于化学传感的对角对称光子晶体光纤设计

本文提出了一种可用于化学传感的具有高双折射、低损耗的光子晶体光纤,并系统地分析了空气孔参数对光纤光学特性的影响.研究表明,最优结构的光纤在典型波长1.55μm时对水、乙醇和苯的相对灵敏度分别可达56.3％、59.9％和62.5％,相比现有光子晶体光纤分别提高1.05～6.25倍、1.05～4.99倍和1.03～4.63...     

基于油水相渗数据的驱油效率计算方法

为了评价油藏水驱开发效果,根据Welge方程以及油水两相相对渗透率测试数据,建立了快速绘制含水率、驱油效率与注入孔隙体积倍数关系曲线的方法。应用实例表明,该方法为评价油藏开发潜力提供了一种新的手段,同时可有效弥补室内实验测试过程中带来的误差,对于油藏动态分析、产量预测等方面具有重要意义。     

基于相渗曲线的油藏注入水利用状况评价方法

针对现有油藏注入水利用状况评价方法不能适应油藏阶段注采比不断变化的问题,提出了基于相渗曲线的油藏注入水利用状况评价方法。首先,根据油藏归一化相渗曲线,确定油藏含水上升规律描述方程。其次,根据油藏不同阶段实际可采储量采出程度,采用由归一化相渗曲线确定的油藏含水上升规律描述方程,计算对应的理论含水率,再结合油藏不同阶段实际注采比,进而计算油藏不同阶段的理论阶段存水率和理论阶段水驱指数偏离量。然后,根据油藏不同阶段实际注采比和实际含水率,计算油藏不同阶段的实际阶段存水率和实际阶段水驱指数偏离量,绘制实际(理论)阶段存水率和实际(理论)阶段水驱指数偏离量随时间的变化曲线。最后,通过对比理论曲线和实际曲线,评价油藏的注入水利用状况。采用该方法对老君庙L油藏西区注入水利用状况进行了评价。结果表明:1970年以前,注入水利用状况较差;1970年以后,注入水利用状况较好。     

致密砂岩毛管力曲线计算相渗的分形维数方法

致密砂岩相渗曲线在模拟致密油形成,以及油气田勘探开发中具有重要作用,而由于渗透率极低难以实验测得。为此,利用致密砂岩岩心压汞数据,通过分形理论并经过归一化和非标准化计算得到典型致密砂岩油驱水相渗曲线。研究表明:致密砂岩岩心lgpc与lgS线性拟合程度高,具有很好的分形性质,分形维数分布在2.536~2.734;得到的相渗曲线束缚水饱和度高达70%,两相流动区窄,总有效渗透率低,表明两相渗流情况复杂;计算的相渗曲线与实验测得的油驱水的相渗曲线比较接近,所以可用于致密油运移和聚集过程的数值模拟研究。研究成果为高效开发致密油气藏提供了重要理论基础。     

The effects of oxygenation aeration treatment on dissipation behaviors of tricaine mesylate in carp (Cyprinus carpio) muscle and water

Tricaine mesylate (MS-222) is one of the most used anesthetics in fish. It can be absorbed by the human body via food consumption, with related detriments to human health. In this study, a modified quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe (QuEChERS) method was developed for the determination of MS-222 in carp muscle and water samples using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). For cleanup procedure, multiplug filtration cleanup (m-PFC) method with n-Hexane delipidation was adopted. The extraction solvent, cleanup methods and sorbents were optimized. All method validation parameters were in the acceptable range. The dissipation behavior study was followed by the method development. Firstly, the anesthesia dose and time were optimized in application study. Secondly, carps were revived for different period of time with (experimental group) and without (control group) the oxygenation aeration treatment to compare the dissipation rate of MS-222. After being anesthetized for 6 h at 50 mg/L and 12 h of elimination, the concentrations of MS-222 in crap muscle and water of experimental group was lower than those of control group. After 36 h of elimination under oxygenation aeration, over 90% of MS-222 was dissipated in carp muscle. The results showed that the half-life of MS-222 in carp muscle was 6.2 h. The findings suggested that the commonly-used oxygenation aeration treatment in aquaculture production had potential effects in accelerating the dissipation of MS-222 in carp and water. In this study, three days of withdrawal period was recommended in carps after MS-222 administration under oxygenation aeration.     

Multi-walled carbon nanotubes-based magnetic solid-phase extraction for the determination of zearalenone and its derivatives in maize by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry

A simple and rapid magnetic solid-phase extraction (M-SPE) procedure using multi-walled carbon nanotube-magnetic nanoparticles (MWCNT-MNPs) as sorbents was established for purification of zearalenone (ZEA), α-zearalenol (α-ZOL), β-zearalenol (β-ZOL), zearalanone (ZAN), α-zearalanol (α-ZAL) and β-zearalanol (β-ZAL) in maize. The main parameters affecting the clean-up efficiency were thoroughly investigated, and high purification efficiencies for all analytes were obtained. The resulting MWCNT-MNP-ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method was validated for maize samples. The matrix effects were greatly minimized using the M-SPE approach, with signal suppression/enhancement values decreased from 69.9–127.6% to 92.1–103.8%. Consequently, complex matrix-matched calibration curves were not necessary and the calibrations constructed in acetonitrile could be applied for accurate quantification of the targeted mycotoxins in real samples. The average recoveries ranged from 75.8 to 104.1% and the inter- and intra-day precision values expressed as RSDs, were all lower than 14%. Limits of detection and quantification were in the range of 0.03–0.04 and 0.07–0.10 μg/kg, respectively. The analytical performance of the developed method was also successfully evaluated with maize samples, and this method was proved to be a powerful tool for monitoring ZEA and its derivatives in maize.