Functional Materials for Memristor-Based Reservoir Computing: Dynamics and Applications

The booming development of artificial intelligence (AI) requires faster physical processing units as well as more efficient algorithms. Recently, reservoir computing (RC) has emerged as an alternative brain-inspired framework for fast learning with low training cost, since only the weights associated with the output layers should be trained. Physical RC becomes one of the leading paradigms for computation using high-dimensional, nonlinear, dynamic substrates. Among them, memristor appears to be a simple, adaptable, and efficient framework for constructing physical RC since they exhibit nonlinear features and memory behavior, while memristor-implemented artificial neural networks display increasing popularity towards neuromorphic computing. In this review, the memristor-implemented RC systems from the following aspects: architectures, materials, and applications are summarized. It starts with an introduction to the RC structures that can be simulated with memristor blocks. Specific interest then focuses on the dynamic memory behaviors of memristors based on various material systems, optimizing the understanding of the relationship between the relaxation behaviors and materials, which provides guidance and references for building RC systems coped with on-demand application scenarios. Furthermore, recent advances in the application of memristor-based physical RC systems are surveyed. In the end, the further prospects of memristor-implemented RC system in a material view are envisaged.     

K波段宽带螺旋天线设计

从理论上分析了螺旋天线的设计原理,利用阿基米德螺旋天线实现了一款K波段的高频宽带螺旋天线,使高频天线拥有更轻的质量,更低的剖面及更好的圆极化性。最后通过仿真软件CST设计了一款带宽覆盖18.0~26.5GHz的阿基米德螺旋天线,涵盖了整个K波段。结果表明,该天线在整个频段电压驻波比<2,能很好的满足天线收发要求。     

敦煌辐射校正场典型气溶胶垂直廓线的激光雷达观测

激光雷达可以获取气溶胶的三维信息。在2010年中国辐射校正场（Chinese Radiometric Calibration Site,CRCS2010）试验中,利用一部米散射激光雷达获取了敦煌辐射校正场区域15天的观测数据。利用经典的Fernald反演方法得到了这一区域的大气气溶胶消光系数垂直廓线并分析了其对辐射定标的影响。观测结果表明敦煌地区在从近地面到2～4 km处存在着一层气溶胶浓度高值层。用于辐亮度辐射定标的飞机飞行高度需要大于此高度,以避开气溶胶高浓度层的影响。并利用MODTRAN(MODerate resolution atmospheric TRANsmission))辐射模式中的气溶胶廓线与实测气溶胶廓线分别进行辐射模拟,对于FY3/MERSI各可见-近红外通道都有不同程度的差异,其中蓝通道（<500 nm）有4%～5%的辐射差异。     

一种高分辨雷达目标识别方法

研究了宽带高分辨雷达目标识别问题,基于目标一维距离像,提取目标散射中心特征,并根据该特征设计了简单目标的目标分类器,利用暗室测量得到的缩比模型高分辨回波数据进行识别,结果表明该识别方法具有良好的识别性能。     

基于包络相关法的包络对齐方法改进

在ISAR成像数据录取跟踪过程中,目标姿态突变等因素将造成回波中存在一些对成像作用较小且降低成像质量的数据,致使传统包络相关法的对齐精度不高。文中提出了一种改进措施,先用包络相关法进行初步对齐,接着将降低成像质量的数据剔除,再利用包络相关法进行包络对齐。该方法通过分析回波数据的一维距离像与成像数据的平均一维距离像的归一化相关系数,判断数据是否为降低成像质量的数据,进而对其进行剔除。实测数据成像对比实验表明,该方法是有效的。     

地基多通道微波辐射计大气廓线反演方法研究

本文讨论了35通道地基微波辐射计反演温度、水汽廓线的BP神经网络反演方法,对神经网络的层次结构、样本选择、训练方法等进行了分析,并将反演结果与探空数据进行了比对,分析了误差产生的原因。结果表明,BP神经网络反演的廓线数据具有很好的精度,满足实际使用要求。     

基于散射点模型的ISAR干扰技术研究

针对弹载干扰装备干扰功率较小,难以对逆合成孔径雷达(Inverse Synthetic Aperture Radar, ISAR)形成有效的干扰,文中分析了ISAR成像原理,针对ISAR成像过程中包络对齐这一环节,提出了一种基于散射点模型的压制性干扰信号,该信号可破坏ISAR成像过程中目标回波的包络对齐,进而形成多种干扰效果。该信号在进入ISAR后可获得较大的脉冲压缩增益,能以较小的干扰功率达到较好的干扰效果。理论分析与仿真实验验证了该种干扰信号对ISAR干扰的有效性。     

广义Hamming重量、维数/长度轮廓与其应用

广义Ｈａｍｍｉｎｇ重量和维数／长度轮廓是编码领域中最近出现的两个重要概念。本文首先了广义Ｈａｍｍｉｎｇ重量和维数／长度轮廓的基本概念和基本性能,然后全面地综述了它们的应用情况,并给出了一些有意义的研究结果。     

Damping oscillations in a wire bending process

This paper presents an approach to modify CAD/CAM generated motion profiles for wire bending machines, in order to damp wire oscillations without decreasing machine throughput. Two different methodologies are presented, both leveraging on a simple and easily identifiable model of wire oscillations, the first one based on a filtering approach, the second one on an optimisation approach. The two methodologies are both characterised by a low computational complexity, allowing them to be integrated directly in the bending machine user interface, and can rely on a standard camera to identify wire oscillation parameters. A thorough experimental validation of the approaches is also presented, showing promising results in damping oscillations with wires of different materials.     

大气折射率结构常数C2n高度分布统计特性分析

大气折射率结构常数C2n是表示大气光学湍流强度的一个重要参数,利用温度脉动探空仪对合肥地区大气折射率结构常数进行了长期连续的实地探空测量,对大量探空实验数据的统计分析得出合肥地区(0～25 km)折射率结构常数随高度的分布廓线,并对其进行统计矩和概率分布的分析,研究表明合肥地区大气湍流随高度分布基本符合对数正态分布,昼...