Circulating Small EVs miRNAs as Predictors of Pathological Response to Neo-Adjuvant Therapy in Breast Cancer Patients

Neo-adjuvant therapy (NAT) is increasingly used in the clinic for the treatment of breast cancer (BC). Pathological response to NAT has been associated with improved patients’ survival; however, the current techniques employed for assessing the tumor response have significant limitations. Small EVs (sEVs)-encapsulated miRNAs have emerged as promising new biomarkers for diagnosis and prediction. Therefore, our study aims to explore the predictive value of these miRNAs for the pathological response to NAT in BC. By employing bioinformatic tools, we selected a set of miRNAs and evaluated their expression in plasma sEVs and BC biopsies. Twelve miRNAs were identified in sEVs, of which, miR-21-5p, 221-3p, 146a-5p and 26a-5p were significantly associated with the Miller–Payne (MP) pathological response to NAT. Moreover, miR-21-5p, 146a-5p, 26a-5p and miR-24-3p were independent as predictors of MP response to NAT. However, the expression of these miRNAs showed no correlation between sEVs and tissue samples, indicating that the mechanisms of miRNA sorting into sEVs still needs to be elucidated. Functional analysis of miRNA target genes and drug interactions revealed that candidate miRNAs and their targets, can be regulated by different NAT regimens. This evidence supports their role in governing the patients’ therapy response and highlights their potential use as prediction biomarkers.     

Development and Comprehensive Characteristics of Thermosensitive Liquid Suppositories of Metoprolol Based on Poly(lactide-co-glycolide) Nanoparticles

Thermosensitive liquid suppositories (LSs) carrying the model antihypertensive drug metoprolol tartrate (MT) were developed and evaluated. The fundamental purpose of this work was to produce, for the first time, liquid MT suppositories based on biodegradable nanoparticles and optimize their rheological and mechanical properties for prospective rectal administration. The nanoparticle system was based on a biodegradable copolymer synthesized by ring opening polymerization (ROP) of glycolide (GL) and L,L-lactide (LLA). Biodegradable nanoparticles loaded with the model drug were produced by the o/o method at the first stage of the investigation. Depending on the concentration of the drug in the sample, from 66 to 91% of MT was released over 12 h, according to first-order kinetics. Then, thermosensitive LSs with MT-loaded biodegradable nanoparticles were obtained by a cold method and their mechanical and rheological properties were evaluated. To adjust the thermogelling and mucoadhesive properties for rectal administration, the amounts of major formulation components such as poloxamers (P407, P188), Tween 80, hydroxypropylcellulose (HPC), polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), and sodium alginate were optimized. The in vitro release results revealed that more than 80% of the MT was released after 12 h, following also first-order kinetics. It was discovered that the diffusion process was dominant. The drug release profile was mainly governed by the rheological and mechanical properties of the developed formulation. Such a novel, thermosensitive formulation might be an effective alternative to hypertension treatment, particularly for unconscious patients, patients with mental illnesses, geriatric patients, and children.     

Performance Analysis of a HT-PEMFC System with 6FPBI Membranes Doped with Cross-Linkable Polymeric Ionic Liquid

In this paper, a high-temperature proton-exchange membrane fuel cell (HT-PEMFC) system using fluorine-containing polybenzimidazole (6FPBI) composite membranes doped with cross-linkable polymer ionic liquid (cPIL) is developed and studied. The reliability of the model is verified by a comparison with the experimental data. The performance of the HT-PEMFC system using 6FPBI membranes with different levels of cPIL is analyzed. The results show that when the HT-PEMFC uses 6FPBI membranes with a cPIL content of 20 wt % (6FPBI-cPIL 20 membranes), the single cell power density is 4952.3 W·m−2. The excessive cPIL content will lead to HT-PEMFC performance degradation. The HT-PEMFC system using the 6FPBI-cPIL 20 membranes shows a higher performance, even at higher temperatures and pressures, than the systems using 6FPBI membranes. In addition, the parametric study results suggest that the HT-PEMFC system should be operated at a higher inlet temperature and hydrogen pressure to increase system output power and efficiency. The oxygen inlet pressure should be reduced to decrease the power consumption of the ancillary equipment and improve system efficiency. The proposed model can provide a prediction for the performance of HT-PEMFC systems with the application of phosphoric-acid-doped polybenzimidazole (PA-PBI) membranes.     

QuEChERS法结合高效液相色谱-高分辨飞行时间质谱测定食用贝类产品中4种脂溶性贝类毒素

建立了Qu ECh ERS净化技术结合高效液相色谱-高分辨飞行时间质谱法测定食用贝类产品中4种脂溶性贝类毒素（Okadaic Acid,OA、Spirolides1,SPX1、Dinophysistoxin1,DTX1、Azaspiracid1,AZA1）的快速方法。以Qu ECh ERS净化技术对食用贝类样品进行提取与净化后,经C18色谱柱分离,用高分辨飞行时间质谱仪（ESI源）进行测定。用Peak View软件对分析结果进行全智能分析,对照每个样品与标准品的TOF-MS质量精度及同位素分布情况、保留时间以及TOF-MS/MS谱图,对化合物作出定性判断。同时利用Multi Quant软件对四种毒素进行外标法定量,OA和DTX1的线性范围为2.0¹00μg/L,方法检出限为10μg/kg;AZA1和SPX1的线性范围为0.5²0μg/L,方法检出限为2.0μg/kg,相关系数（R2）均大于0.997。高、中、低三个添加水平的平均回收率在75.6%⁹4.1%之间,RSD小于10%。应用该方法对进出口的贻贝、北极贝、象拔蚌、牡蛎等20个样品进行检测,发现8个样品的SPX1和2个AZA1测定结果为阳性。该方法操作简便、高效快速、灵敏度高、重现性好,适用于贝类产品中脂溶性贝类毒素的检测。      

琯溪蜜柚果汁树脂吸附脱苦前后酚类物质含量的测定

利用高效液相色谱法测定了琯溪蜜柚果汁酚类成分的含量,并研究了吸附脱苦对琯溪蜜柚果汁中酚类物质含量的影响。结果表明,琯溪蜜柚果汁中含有绿原酸、咖啡酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸、芸香苷和柚皮苷等六种酚类物质;用高效液相色谱法分析琯溪蜜柚果汁中酚类物质,它们的加标回收率均在85.0%¹03.6%之间,相对标准偏差（RSD）均在0.48%².9%之间。经XAD-16树脂吸附脱苦后,柚汁中的香豆酸、阿魏酸、芸香苷等三种酚类成分已检测不到,而绿原酸、柚皮苷和咖啡酸的损失率分别为97.2%、93.5%、87.9%,说明树脂吸附脱苦导致琯溪蜜柚汁中绿原酸、咖啡酸、香豆酸、阿魏酸、芸香苷和柚皮苷等六种酚类物质含量严重降低。      

高效液相色谱法同时测定食品接触材料水性模拟物中三聚氰胺和苯代三聚氰胺

建立了食品接触材料水性模拟物中三聚氰胺和苯代三聚氰胺的高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析方法。样品根据拟装食品类型不同,经水、3%（w/v）乙酸水溶液、4%（v/v）乙酸水溶液、10%（v/v）乙醇水溶液、20%（v/v）乙醇水溶液或50%（v/v）乙醇水溶液6种不同水性模拟物提取,0.45μm滤膜过滤后直接由高效液相色谱分析。色谱分离采用强阳离子交换与反相C18混合填料分析柱（混合比例1∶4）,柱温35℃,流动相为乙腈-20mmol/L乙酸铵缓冲溶液（pH3.0）（40∶60,v/v）,流速为0.2mL/min,检测波长为240nm。结果表明:在优化的条件下,三聚氰胺和苯代三聚氰胺标准品在0.2²0mg/L浓度范围内,线性相关系数为0.9997⁰.9999,方法定量限（S/N>10）为0.015⁰.033mg/dm2。在0.025⁰.70mg/dm2三个水平加标测试,平均回收率在80.0%¹03.3%之间,相对标准偏差（n=6）为0.5%⁴.0%。该方法前处理简单、分析速度快,可用于食品接触材料水性模拟物中三聚氰胺和苯代三聚氰胺的同时检测。      

MgO含量对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO熔渣中液态相影响的模拟

运用Factsage软件模拟了MgO含量对CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO熔渣中液相区的影响.结果表明,随着CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO渣中MgO含量增加,渣中低熔点液相区整体向低CaO高SiO₂区移动.相图中1500℃液相区比例由0%MgO（质量分数）时的25.05%上升至9%MgO（质量分数）时的52.69%,而后降至15%MgO时的46.70%.相图中1400℃液相区比例由3%MgO时的14.41%上升至11%MgO时的34.39%,而后降至15%MgO时的31.04%.相图中1300℃液相区比例由5%MgO时的5.57%上升至14%MgO时的11.02%,而后降至15%MgO时的10.50%.相图中1200℃液相区域比例在MgO为0~6%时为零,由7%MgO时的0.88%上升至11%MgO时的1.22%,在MgO为13%~15%时降为零.模拟结果可对以CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO为基本组元配置炼钢渣系的成分选择提供有效指导.     

通信电源用电池技术现状与发展趋势

根据目前已在通信电源领域得到应用的几种电池类型,介绍了铅蓄电池、锂离子电池、燃料电池、液流电池以及各种组合式电源系统等各类技术应用的现状的技术现状和应用情况,分析了以上各类通信电源用电池技术的发展趋势。     

液态激冷Mn-Mo-Co马氏体时效钢组织结构和性能的研究

Mn-Mo-Co马氏体时效钢是为节镍节钻而设计的一种新的马氏体时效钢,虽然强度可以达到甚至超过马氏体时效钢的水平,而韧性却低的多。其主要原因是时效前已有大量析出相沿晶界分布。为改善其性能,本文研究了液态激冷Mn、Mo、Co马氏体时效钢的组织结构,时效温度与部分机械性能的关系。
实验结果表明:激冷带具有极细的晶粒和较大的固溶度。由于激冷带保留了液态的大量空位和位错,因此,形成了明显的胞状组织,激冷带的横断面分为上,下两层,在接近辊面的激冷层内,为直径小于1μm的细等轴晶,其上部为细柱状晶的组织。并发现激冷层为韧性断口,柱晶层为解理断口。经时效处理后,其硬度普遍高于相同成份的淬火钢的时效硬度。关于液态激冷钢铁微晶材料的机械性能有待进一步研究。     

精炼剂对钢水脱硫处理效果的影响

在实验室和转炉炼钢厂对钢水分别用CaO-Al₂O₃精炼剂和电石型精炼剂进行精炼处理,研究了精炼剂加入量对钢水脱硫率以及钢中总氧含量的影响,钢水经过CaO-Al₂O₃精炼剂处理后,可以获得20%-40%的脱硫率:钢水经电石型精炼剂处理后,可以获得40%的脱硫率,而且钢中总氧含量可以降低到5×10^-5以下。