毛细管气相色谱法对油漆稀释剂的鉴定

通过气相色谱法对各个不同种类的油漆稀释剂以及其燃烧后烟尘的分析鉴定，确定其成分及组成特征，找出各自的特征谱峰并加以辨别，可以准确地判断出火场中是否有这类助燃剂参与燃烧，从而给消防部门对火灾原因定性提供技术支持。     

火灾烟雾碳黑分形凝并自保尺度分布

将分形凝并理论首次应用分析火灾燃烧物有焰燃烧烟雾碳黑凝聚现象，从理论上证明了火焰区及火焰区上方两个不同区域内碳黑颗粒凝并均存在自保尺度分布，并分析求解得出归一化总颗粒数目浓度与无量纲时间的变化关系及从单谱分布达到自保尺度分布所需实际时间。结果表明，碳黑分形现象对碳黑凝并存在很大程度影响，在火焰区内对碳黑颗粒自保尺度分布、总数目浓度变化影响较大，在火焰区上方对从单谱分布达到自保尺度分布时间影响较大，为火灾基理研究及发展探测技术开辟了新的途径。     

新型电气火灾消烟剂的研制

针对电气火灾中产生的大量有毒烟雾，研制一种细水雾型消烟剂，能够通过润湿、凝并、粘结等物理作用以及化学反应沉降烟尘，去除有毒气体，达到快速消烟目的，平均消烟效率达85％以上。该消烟剂为绿色无污染产品，不会造成消烟范围内设备、装置的短路和腐蚀，火灾现场容易清洁。     

燃重油余热烟气型高温发生器设计探讨

针对重油等劣质燃料燃烧所产生的脏烟气的余热利用问题,提出了分隔传热面的高温发生器设计方案,并从制造成本、负荷调节性能、温差热应力以及抗积灰和低温腐蚀等方面与多机并联方案进行了全面的对比,分隔传热面的设计方案更为合理,具有非常明显的优势.     

柴油机富氧燃烧的试验研究

柴油设备在现代矿山中被广泛使用,其排出的碳烟、氮氧化物等污染物严重影响了井下的生产环境,甚至对井下工作人员的身体健康造成了威胁。该文在实验室环境下通过对柴油机进行富氧燃烧试验来研究柴油机的排放特性,寻找降低柴油机污染物排放的途径。该研究根据柴油机富氧燃烧的机理,设计了柴油机在不同工况下的富氧燃烧试验,对其在各不同工况下排出的碳烟、氮氧化物和一氧化碳进行了对比分析。试验结果表明:柴油机不论在何种工况下的富氧燃烧均可降低碳烟的排放;氮氧化物的排放会随着氧气的增加而上升;一氧化碳的排放也会有所降低,但降低的幅度不大。     

同时去除柴油机排气中碳颗粒物和NOx的催化技术

介绍了同时去除柴油机排气中碳颗粒物和NOx的催化技术,对联用技术、同时去除碳颗粒与NOx催化剂技术以及低温等离子辅助催化技术等方面的研究进展进行了概述,并对今后发展趋势提出一些建议及设想.     

同时消除柴油机尾气排放炭颗粒和NOx催化剂的研究进展

介绍了简单氧化物、复合氧化物(尖晶石和钙钛矿)催化剂都具有同时消除柴油机尾气中的炭颗粒和NO的活性．但是炭颗粒的起燃温度较高,生成N2的选择性差。在消除炭颗粒和氮氧化物时,有N2O生成,造成二次污染,炭颗粒与催化剂的接触形式直接影响炭颗粒的燃烧温度。     

副产炭黑的回收,性质,应用研究及展望

介绍副产炭黑的生成、回收、性质及应用研究,评述尚存在的问题,展望其发展方向。     

Effect of diesel soot contaminated oil on engine wear — investigation of novel oil formulations

Exhaust Gas Re-circulation (EGR) has been found to be very effective in reducing emissions of oxides of nitrogen, for light duty diesel engines. However, EGR results in a sharp increase in particulate matter emissions in heavy-duty diesel engines.The effects of soot contaminated engine oil on wear of engine components was examined using a statistically designed experiment. The three oil properties studied were phosphorous level, dispersant level and sulfonate substrate level. The above three variables were formulated at two levels: High (1) and Low (−1). This resulted in a 2³ matrix (eight oil blends). The effect of soot was also taken into consideration, which resulted in a 2⁴ factorial experiment.A three-body wear machine was designed and developed to simulate and estimate the extent of wear. Ball-on-flat-disk tests were conducted to qualitatively study wear by comparing wear scars due to soot with wear scars due to a known abrasive (alumina). A Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) was used to study the microstructures of the wear scars. Surface chemical analysis was performed on soot particles and wear scars using Energy–Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX).Results show that diesel soot interacts with oil additives reducing the oil's anti-wear properties possibly by abrasive wear mechanism. Statistical analysis (GLM) showed that the phosphorous level plays a dominant role on oil's wear performance. The effect of dispersant level was not very significant, though on an average, higher dispersant levels reduced wear. The effect of sulfonate was not revealed within the range of these concentrations. Ball-on-flat-disk type tests also revealed the increased wear due to the presence of soot. SEM studies of Wear Scar Diameters suggest that soot is abrasive.     

柴油机排气微粒样品分离方法的研究

将柴油机排气微粒分为有机组份和干组份的３种方法,即热解质量分析法（ＴＧ）、索氏萃取法（ＳＥ）和真空挥发法（ＶＶ）作了对比研究。结果表明,ＴＧ需要复杂昂贵的设备,而且效率较低。ＳＥ只适用于稳定性较好的采样滤纸,如涂敷聚四氟乙烯的滤纸,而且一次只能处理少量样品。ＶＶ对采样滤纸要求不高,一次处理样品量多达十几,甚至几十个。用ＳＥ和ＶＶ得出的结果基本一致。ＶＶ可作为一种实用方法加以推荐。