基于相位谱和调谐幅度谱的显著性检测方法

针对目前视觉注意选择领域中的谱残余方法(SR)显著图对比度较差、细节显著性检测效果不理想的问题,通过分析图像频谱特性与显著性的关系,提出了一种基于频谱分析的显著性区域检测方法。该方法通过保留傅里叶相位谱并对幅度谱进行分段非线性调谐,达到抑制图像冗余信息、增强图像显著性信息的效果。实验结果表明,本文基于相位谱和幅度谱调谐(PTA)的显著性检测方法得到的显著图较SR方法对比度更高,对显著细节的检测效果也更明显。     

基于最大加权独立集的频谱分配算法

动态频谱接入技术允许认知用户接入未授权的频谱,可以有效地提高频谱资源的利用率。频谱分配算法的时间开销和公平性是算法优劣的主要评价标准。本文从图论着色模型出发,构建了着色算法的评价体系及优化目标。针对用户间的公平性与分配的时间开销问题,在极大独立集的基础上提出了基于加权最大独立集的着色算法,获得了接近于最优的用户公平性,且该算法的时间开销等于信道数,与认知用户的数目无关。仿真分析验证了算法的正确性。     

多系列铸铁光电发射光谱标准样品的研制

采用中频炉熔炼，用自行设计的多孔隔离式金属型和独特的补缩和浇注系统及临界激冷工艺进行浇铸，成功地研制出了带有高低标的铸铁系列多元素光电光谱分析标样。对标样的白口化程度、均匀性、呈线性分布及分析精度等进行了检测并得出可行性结论。     

Kinetic and spectral aspects in chemiluminescence system Eu(III)/HCO3/H2O2

Chemiluminescence (CL) of the systems containing Eu₂⁺ or HCO₃⁻ ions and hydrogen peroxide was studied. The kinetic curves and CL emission spectra of the systems were discussed. The emission spectrum of the system containing carbonates revealed two emission maxima: the first directly after initiation of the reaction by hydrogen peroxide and the second in several seconds after the first. On the basis of the characteristic bands in the CL spectrum the emitters in the system Eu₂⁺/HCO₃⁻/H₂O₂ were identified as: excited Eu³⁺ ions and excited products of carbonate decomposition. The emission bands for λ=600 and 420 nm appeared in a time distance of a few ten seconds.     

纳米Cr颗粒对Ni-Mo复合镀层性能的影响

为了研究纳米Cr颗粒对Ni-Mo复合镀层性能的影响,采用脉冲电沉积方法制备具有不同Cr含量的Ni-Mo复合镀层.利用扫描电子显微镜和X射线衍射仪分别观察和分析复合镀层的组织形貌及结构.采用电化学测试和X射线光电子能谱研究复合镀层的析氢性能和耐蚀性能.结果表明:随着镀液中纳米Cr颗粒含量的增加,镀层晶粒得到细化,析氢过电位增大,复合镀层析氢性能得到提高;当镀液中纳米Cr颗粒含量为20 g/L时,复合镀层表面钝化膜中MoO₃含量较高,且可与Cr产生协同效应,因而复合镀层具有较好的耐蚀性能;但随着镀液中纳米Cr颗粒含量的进一步增加,复合镀层中沉积的Cr元素含量降低,复合镀层的析氢性能和耐蚀性能均降低.因此,当镀液中纳米Cr颗粒含量为20 g/L时,复合镀层具有较好的析氢性能和耐蚀性能.     

A Brief Introduction on Joint Radar and Communication Systems

Joint radar and communication(JRC) technology is gradually becoming an essential approach to alleviating spectral congestion. Radar and communications systems were designed with common spectral and hardware resources to reduce size, improve performance, reduce cost, and decongest the spectrum. Various approaches have been proposed to achieve the coexistence of radar and communication systems. This paper mainly focuses on the research directions of radar communication coexistence(RCC) and dual-function radar communication systems(DFRC) in JRC technology. We summarize and analyze the existing research problems in the JRC era. According to the characteristics and advantages of JRC technology, we highlight several potentials in military and commercial applications.     

Effective DOA Estimation Under Low Signal-to-Noise Ratio Based on Multi-Source Information Meta Fusion

Efficiently performing high-resolution direction of arrival (DOA) estimation under low signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) conditions has always been a challenge task in the literatures. Obvi-ously, in order to address this problem, the key is how to mine or reveal as much DOA related in-formation as possible from the degraded array outputs. However, it is certain that there is no per-fect solution for low SNR DOA estimation designed in the way of winner-takes-all. Therefore, this paper proposes to explore in depth the complementary DOA related information that exists in spa-tial spectrums acquired by different basic DOA estimators. Specifically, these basic spatial spec-trums are employed as the input of multi-source information fusion model. And the multi-source in-formation fusion model is composed of three heterogeneous meta learning machines, namely neural networks (NN), support vector machine (SVM), and random forests (RF). The final meta-spec-trum can be obtained by performing a final decision-making method. Experimental results illus-trate that the proposed information fusion based DOA estimation method can really make full use of the complementary information in the spatial spectrums obtained by different basic DOA estim-ators. Even under low SNR conditions, promising DOA estimation performance can be achieved.     

面向车辆高速移动的频谱感知算法研究

为了解决多普勒效应对于车联网中频谱检测速度与精度的影响,研究了在车辆高速移动情况下的频谱感知算法。首先通过引入认知无线电技术以及车联网技术,构建认知车联网网络,针对频谱利用率低下的问题提出一种频谱感知算法。实验结果表明,该算法可以很好的消除多普勒频移效应,提高了频谱检测的性能,解决了车辆在高速移动状态下信号失真等问题。     

电能变换领域中随机脉宽调制技术研究概况及展望

相较于传统的脉宽调制技术,随机脉宽调制具备有效的谐波频谱分散能力,从而实现机电负载噪声的削弱。随机脉宽调制技术包括起步的随机开关调制、后续的随机脉冲位置与随机开关频率等3个基本方法。随着电力电子技术的整体发展,随机脉宽调制已从传统的载波调制逐渐拓展到空间矢量调制之中,应用范围日趋广泛,谐波频谱分散与功率谱峰值抑制的效果不断提升。同时,新的优化方案不断被提出,对谐波频谱及功率谱的分散效果亦在不断提高。梳理了随机脉宽调制的研究历程,总结了数种典型的随机脉宽调制的基本原理,并对未来随机脉宽调制的研究方向作出展望,为随机脉宽调制技术的深入研究提供参考。     

温度对CaO-SiO2-Al2O3-MgO高炉渣系Al2O3活度的影响

 Al₂O₃作为熔渣中的主要组元之一,其对熔渣的冶金性能的影响尤为突出。对于高炉炼铁而言,高炉渣中Al₂O₃增加会对炼铁及脱硫造成不利影响。然而,随着中国钢铁工业的不断发展,相对低廉的高Al₂O₃进口铁矿石使用量不断攀升,使得高炉渣中Al₂O₃含量明显增加,高炉渣中Al₂O₃质量分数往往大于15%,更高的甚至大于20%。目前关于高Al₂O₃高炉渣系中Al₂O₃组元的热力学性质(例如采用参考渣法测定Al₂O₃的活度)及其对炉渣冶金性能的影响等研究鲜有报道,而温度是影响冶金熔渣冶金性能的重要热力学因素之一,因此探讨温度对冶金熔渣中Al₂O₃组元活度影响的规律不仅具有重要的研究意义,同时也为现场实践提供坚实的理论依据。采用参考渣法对1 773～1 873 K温度条件下CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO高炉渣系Al₂O₃活度进行测定,并采用Raman光谱对熔渣的结构进行检测。考察了温度对CaO-SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO高炉渣系Al₂O₃活度的影响。结果表明,随着温度的增加,熔渣中Al₂O₃的化学势降低,熔渣与铜金属熔液之间的反应向右移动来达到新的平衡,因而Al₂O₃的活度随着温度的增加逐渐降低。温度的增加使熔渣中Al₂O₃与碱性金属氧化物发生反应,使钙铝酸盐(CaO·Al₂O₃和CaO·2Al₂O₃)和镁铝酸盐(MgO·Al₂O₃)等复合物生成量增加,此时熔渣的结构由于O2-的增加而逐渐发生解聚,熔渣中的自由Al₂O₃减少,从而导致Al₂O₃活度逐渐降低。