阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中的染色性能研究

分析阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中染色的可行性,确立阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中上染腈纶织物的工艺,并探讨入染前织物带液率、反相微乳液含水量对染色性能的影响。实验结果表明:腈纶织物在温度为60℃、pH值为4.5~5的水中进行预处理后,以一定带液率入染反相微乳体系的方法可行;优化的阳离子染料在D5反相微乳体系中的染色工艺为:染色温度85℃、染色时间20 min、浴比1∶10;研究中还发现入染前织物带液率的高低对织物得色深度有较大影响,随着带液率的增加,染色K/S值先增加后减少;反相微乳体系的含水量对织物的得色深度无明显影响。     

含磷苯丙乳液的合成

采用预乳化工艺,半连续种子聚合法,通过丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、苯乙烯(St)、丙烯腈(AN)、丙烯酸(AA)以及磷酸酯功能性单体Y自由基聚合反应,合成了一种功能性苯丙乳液.考察了乳化剂种类、乳化剂用量、乳化剂复配比、引发剂用量、软硬单体比、功能单体AA的用量以及含磷单体Y的用量对乳液及涂膜性能的影响.结果表明,采用阴离子型...     

W/O型反相微乳法制备纳米材料及其应用

简要介绍了反相微乳液的结构、性质、相行为及微观结构的检测方法；阐述了在W／O型反相微乳液中制备纳米材料的反应原理、制备方法及影响纳米微粒成核、增长的因素；综述了近年来国内外使用该方法制备纳米材料的研究进展。     

微乳型洗车液的研制

对微乳型洗车液的配方和工艺进行了研究，并对乳化剂的选择，乳化温度，乳化时间，搅拌速度进行了探讨，该洗车液洗涤，上光同步完成。     

烷氧基羟丙基三甲基溴化铵/正丁醇/水体系的相行为

绘制了3-十二烷氧基-2-羟丙基三甲基溴化铵(R12TAB)／正丁醇／水三元体系的相图，确定了不同区域的范围。用电导法测定了微乳液区域内由W／O型微乳液经双连续结构到O／W型微乳液的变化过程。用^2HNMR和差示扫描量热法(DSC)并与液晶纹理对照，研究了该体系的液晶结构特点。结果表明，固定R12TAB和正丁醇的比例，随含水量的增加，体系的液晶相结构发生如下变化，从层状液晶→层状与六角状液晶共存→层状、六角状与立方状液晶共存→层状液晶与微乳液共存。     

微乳液萃取分离镍和钻的研究

对曲拉通X-100、正丁醇、正庚烷、水、P204、NaOH微乳液体系进行萃取分离钴和镍的研究。确定了萃取分离钴和镍的最佳工艺条件,在此条件下,钴的萃取率高达87．4％,而钴只有10．87％,镍钴离子浓度的最佳分离范围为1：2．5—1：4,镍和钴的分离效果令人满意。     

Gd2O3：Yb，Er纳米材料的制备及上转换发光研究

利用Triton X-100／正己醇／环己烷／正己烷／水制成W／O微乳反胶团体系制备Gd2O3：Yb，Er上转换材料。利用扫描电镜观察氧化物粉体的颗粒形貌均为球形；通过改变掺杂元素Yb和Er的比例，在980nm的红外光激发下，观察研究氧化物颗粒的发光性质。该粉体在波长为980nm的半导体激光器激发下发射出绿色和红色的上转换荧光，分别对应于Er^3＋离子的。^S3／2／^2H11／2→^4I15／2跃迁和。^F9／2→^I15／2跃迁。     

Drug self-assembly: A phenomenon at the nanometer scale with major impact in the structure–biological properties relationship and the treatment of disease

Under water-rich conditions, small amphiphilic and hydrophobic drug molecules self-assemble into supramolecular nanostructures. Thus, substantial modifications in their interaction with cellular structures and the ability to reach intracellular targets could happen. Additionally, drug aggregates could be more toxic than the non-aggregated counterparts, or vice versa. Moreover, since self-aggregation reduces the number of effective “monomeric” molecules that interact with the target, the drug potency could be underestimated. In other cases, the activity could be ascribed to the non-aggregated molecule while it stems from its aggregates. Thus, drug self-assembly could mislead from drug throughput screening assays to advanced preclinical and clinical trials. Finally, aggregates could serve as crystallization nuclei. The impact that this phenomenon has on the biological performance of active compounds, the inconsistent and often controversial nature of the published data and the need for recommendations/guidelines as preamble of more harmonized research protocols to characterize drug self-aggregation were main motivations for this review. First, the key molecular and environmental parameters governing drug self-aggregation, the main drug families for which this phenomenon and the methods used for its characterization are described. Then, promising nanotechnology platforms investigated to prevent/control it towards a more efficient drug development process are briefly discussed.     

L-半胱氨酸辅助反相微乳法制备Ag_2S纳米晶

选用TX-100/环己烷/正己醇/水反相微乳体系,以Ag NO_3为Ag源、Na_2S·9H2O为S源、L-半胱氨酸为结构导向剂,室温下制备了高晶化度、直径为10—50 nm的Ag_2S纳米晶,并考察了影响其粒径大小的因素。紫外-可见吸收光谱表明,Ag_2S纳米晶在290 nm处呈现强吸收,与体相Ag2S(1 240 nm)相比,其吸收边发生了明显的蓝移。通过调控微乳体系中ω0(水与表面活性剂物质的量比)、Ag+与L-半胱氨酸的物质的量比、反应物浓度等可以实现对产物尺寸和形貌的调控。