Improved LP-based algorithms for the closest string problem

In a recent paper by Liu et al. [Exact algorithm and heuristic for the closest string problem, Computers & Operations Research 2011;38:1513-20], a polynomial time heuristic procedure is proposed for the closest string problem (CSP). Such heuristic called LDDA_LSS is a combination of a previously published approximation algorithm and local search strategies. This paper points out that an instant algorithm deriving a feasible solution directly from the continuous relaxation solution of a standard ILP formulation of CSP already strongly outperforms LDDA_LSS both in terms of solution quality and computing time. Two core based procedures are then proposed that further improve the results of the instant algorithm. Based on these results, we conclude that such LP-based approaches for their efficiency and simplicity should be used as a benchmark for future heuristics on CSP.     

Using online collaboration applications for group assignments: The interplay between design and human characteristics

In recent years, educators and students are increasingly employing online collaboration applications such as Google Docs™ and PBWorks™ for group projects and assignments. Yet, the effectiveness of these emerging technologies has not been rigorously examined. Anchoring upon and informed by the existing literature, two design characteristics – sociability and visibility, and two human characteristics – gender and age, are focused on, which are salient in online collaboration applications. A field experiment was conducted to examine the direct and moderating effects of design and human characteristics on learning outcomes. The research found that sociability improved process satisfaction and positive social environment while visibility enhanced academic performance and solution satisfaction of learners. Males had higher solution satisfaction while older learners had higher academic performance. Moderating effects were also found. Both theoretical and practical implications are drawn. In particular, a rubric for online collaboration application selection for academic performance is conceived. This study provides empirical support for online collaboration application effectiveness in education which will augur well for future adoption, use and evolution.     

Denotation and connotation in the human – computer interface: The ‘Save as …’ command

This paper presents a semiotic technique as a means of exploring meaning and understanding in interface design and use. This is examined through a study of the interaction between the ‘file’ metaphor and ‘save as’ command metaphor. The behaviour of these (from a functional or computational basis) do not exactly match, or map onto, the meaning of the metaphor. We examine both the denotation of a term to the user, i.e. its literal meaning to that person, and the term's connotations, i.e. any other meanings associated with the term. We suggest that the technique applied is useful in predicting future problems with understanding the use of metaphor at the interface and with designing appropriate signification for human-computer interaction. Variation in connotation was expected but a more fundamental difference in denotation was also uncovered. Moreover, the results clearly demonstrate that consistency in the denotation of a term is critical in achieving a good user understanding of the command.     

镀膜技术在陶瓷上的应用

叙述了镀膜技术在种类和特点以及应用于陶瓷产品上存在问题和解决方法     

80 kt/a硫铁矿制酸扩建装置采用的新技术措施

针对采用水洗净化工艺的某80kt/a硫铁矿制酸装置的扩建设计，介绍了其中主要改扩建工段及设备采用的新技术措施，设计中对原料工段、沸腾炉、文氏管、泡沫塔、转化器、换热器等进行了改进，满足了厂方两期建设产量不同的要求。     

煤矸软卧地基上建筑墙体开裂的事故分析和处理

实践证明,煤矸地基为不良软土地基,工程上具有塑性、流变等不稳定现象,极易造成建筑物失稳.故而,分析了煤矸地基的物理特性,提出控制方案及控制对策.实施后结果证明可以保证地基的稳定,满足了工程需要,产生显著的经济效益.     

稀土永磁低速同步电动机制造技术

介绍了稀土永磁低速同步电动机原理结构特点，着重论述该电机在制造中的关键技术和研究。     

数字成像技术的新进展

数字成像技术日趋完善，数码相机的性能越来越高，使用越来越方便，价格越来越低，因此正在伞球迅速推广，市场竞争越加激烈，一些跨国影像工业公司也不断开发一系列更高档的产品，本文摘要介绍其最新的发展动向和突出的进展，如：为传统的高档照相机配置数码照相机背，使其具备高档数码相机的功能，为数码照相配备操作方便、产能高、加工处理极为迅速、能输出高质量彩色相片的一体化数字图像扩印系统等等。     

一种数字化矿井透地通信系统实现方案

针对矿井通信困难,提出了一种采用扩频技术、可数字化实现的矿井透地通信系统方案,并对该方案进行了理论分析和总体仿真,仿真结果及误码率分析表明了该系统设计方案的可行性,为系统的设计实现奠定了基础。