山西冷锋云系的数值模拟研究

利用NCEP再分析资料和CAMS中尺度云分辨模式,对2010-04-20—04-21发生在山西省的大到暴雨、局部强对流天气过程进行了客观模拟,主要得出以下4点结论：①对比2010-04-20T08：00—04-21T08：00的24 h降水预报与实况可见,山西省中南部降水情况与实况值接近,山西省北部降水情况略大于实况值,模拟域中降水量的最大值略小于实况值,雨带分布与实况非常接近。②2010-04-20T13：00—04-20T17：00,云系处于发展阶段,云内含水量和雪含水量呈增加趋势。其中,云水在2010-04-20T17：00,2.5 km处达到最大值0.24 g/kg,顶高为3.5 km,分布在1.2～3.9 km处,雪最大值为0.25 g/kg,位于0℃层上方;雨滴在暖层,雪和云水的增大区对应着雨的增加区,雪和云水是雨滴形成的主要粒子,且雪和云水是降水的主要原因;云系进入消散阶段,至2010-04-21T10：00降水基本结束。③云系在2010-04-20T10：00开始发展,2010-04-20T18：00到达旺盛阶段,随后开始逐渐消散,至2010-04-21T10：00云体基本消散。垂直上升气流的速度多为0.1 m/s,最大为0.5 m/s,符合层状云系的特征。④在8 km以上的区域,雪会通过凝华、雪花与冰晶碰并和冰晶向雪的自动转化等方式增长。其中,凝华增长起主要作用,最高所占比例为100%.在5～8 k m的区域,雪花通过凝华增长;在4～5 km的区域,雪花通过凝华和冰晶向雪的自动转化增长;在3～4 km的区域,雪花通过凝华和结淞增长,凝华增长最高所占比例为100%.     

滑坡前缘开挖后滑坡变形特征分析及稳定性评价——以贵州省岑巩县大榕滑坡为例

岑巩县大榕滑坡发生后,形成堰塞湖,为了疏通河道,对滑坡前缘进行了分级开挖碾压。为掌握大榕滑坡的稳定性状况,对滑坡实施了安全监测。对监测数据进行分析发现：滑坡发生后坡体处于稳定状态;在前缘开挖及强降雨作用下,坡体出现较大变形,之后的2～3个月处于应力与状态大幅调整阶段;特定环境下强降雨或长时间连续降雨对土体的含水率的影响是有限的,含水率不随降雨强度的增大而无限增大,但孔隙水头明显与降雨强度有关,可能成为滑坡发生滑动的主要因素。监测数据及极限平衡法分析表明,该滑坡整体稳定性较好,在强降雨作用下局部处于欠稳定状态。     

文化统战与高校档案工作

本文在论述新时期文化统战的基本内涵基础上,提出从文化的角度看待我国的政党制度,看待我国的民族工作,看待我国社会转型和阶层分化,就能有更新的视野和更深刻的反思,有利于促进新时期统战工作。高校是文化传承和创新的重要阵地,高校的档案是校园文化的重要组成部分,在文化统战中发挥着特殊的作用。     

A new graphical visualization of n-dimensional Pareto front for decision-making in multiobjective optimization

New challenges in engineering design lead to multiobjective (multicriteria) problems. In this context, the Pareto front supplies a set of solutions where the designer (decision-maker) has to look for the best choice according to his preferences. Visualization techniques often play a key role in helping decision-makers, but they have important restrictions for more than two-dimensional Pareto fronts. In this work, a new graphical representation, called Level Diagrams, for n-dimensional Pareto front analysis is proposed. Level Diagrams consists of representing each objective and design parameter on separate diagrams. This new technique is based on two key points: classification of Pareto front points according to their proximity to ideal points measured with a specific norm of normalized objectives (several norms can be used); and synchronization of objective and parameter diagrams. Some of the new possibilities for analyzing Pareto fronts are shown. Additionally, in order to introduce designer preferences, Level Diagrams can be coloured, so establishing a visual representation of preferences that can help the decision-maker. Finally, an example of a robust control design is presented - a benchmark proposed at the American Control Conference. This design is set as a six-dimensional multiobjective problem.     

Decentralised control of chromatographic simulated moving bed processes based on wave front reconstruction

The behaviour of chromatographic simulated moving bed processes is described by the movement of concentration profiles through a circle of separation columns. A closed-loop control manipulates the profiles in order to meet demands concerning specified product purity and disturbance attenuation. If steep wave fronts of the concentration profiles occur, the controlled variables undergo fast changes in case of a transient of the process. In this case, a reconstruction of the wave fronts is necessary for a successful control.A simple and effective decentralised controller structure is proposed based on cascaded discrete-time PI controllers. On-line product purity measurements and the reconstructed wave fronts are used for control purposes. Two kinds of process models are used: a rigorous model for dynamic simulations, and strongly simplified plant models for the design of the wave front reconstruction and the controller. The latter models are identified based on experimental step tests with the reference plant and numerical simulations. The performance of the control system is evaluated by numerical simulations.     

平面自动布点及Delaunay三角形网格生成

文中给出了一种区域内布点的自动生成算法,可从背景点云中逐个选出符合区域几何特征的内部节点,其疏密变化通过边界点上的节点间距函数进行控制。最终生成的内部点云和边界点既可以用来做无网格计算,也可以结合波前推进法生成Delaunay三角形网格。通过对网格生成算法的改进,算例表明该算法得到网格具有很好质量。     

基于偏好信息的多目标微粒群优化算法研究

在实际决策过程中,决策者可能并不需要完全获悉所有的决策方案,而是只对一些特定方案产生兴趣,对此,提出指定目标间重要关系和给定目标空间参考点情况下的多目标微粒群优化算法.以格栅作为解的多样性保持策略,对于给定目标间重要关系的偏好信息,可以获得特定区域的多个解;对于给定参考点的偏好信患,可以同时获得多个特定区域中的多个解,有利于决策者进行更有效的决策.通过对典型测试问题的仿真实验,验证了本算法的正确性和有效性.     

多目标差分演化算法研究综述

多目标差分演化算法是一种简单有效的演化算法,已引起学术界的广泛关注,并在许多领域得到应用。首先描述了差分演化算法的基本思想;接着分析了有代表性的多目标差分演化算法,并给出了改进多目标差分演化算法的一些措施;然后讨论了多目标差分演化算法的性能度量指标,并介绍了多目标差分演化算法的一些应用领域;最后,指出了多目标差分演化算法今后的研究方向。     

电动汽车驱动用分数槽永磁同步电机电磁噪声优化

分数槽永磁同步电机因存在较低阶次的径向电磁力,导致其电磁噪声较大。基于理论分析、Optislang多目标优化平台与Ansys多物理场有限元分析平台,对一台电动汽车驱动用8极36槽永磁同步电机的电磁噪声进行分析和优化。电机的电磁噪声主要是由作用于定子齿上的径向电磁力波使定子铁心振动变形引起,在定子齿顶开辅助槽并对其齿槽参数进行优化,以削弱径向电磁力。建立电机的二维有限元模型,利用Optislang对不同工况下的定子辅助槽及齿槽参数进行多目标优化,计算得到Pareto前沿并从中找到相对最优解。对比分析电机优化前后定子齿部的径向电磁力,将其映射到所对应的三维结构上,利用Ansys计算得到电机优化前后的电磁噪声,并通过样机的噪声试验验证了仿真结果的有效性。     

A new method using feature extraction for identifying paddy rice species for quality seed selection

The purpose of this work was to explore a new feature extraction method for classifying paddy seeds using a feature extraction algorithm to achieve the area ratio, horizontal–slant and front–rear angles and find whether the proposed features have high discriminating power. Another objective was to find the smallest feature set that can ensure highly accurate recognition of seeds. A total of a 100 image features were extracted, and features having significant discriminating power were identified based on the analysis of variance (ANOVA). From the 100 features, 14 features were found to have high discriminating power and from these features, six were selected as the proposed features. Experimental results show that the proposed features and removal of redundant features enhanced the discriminating power of the feature set, and that the proposed features have an excellent discriminating property for seeds. The presented features resulted in the highest classification accuracy (98.8%) when compared to other methods.