Complementary meander‐line‐inspired dielectric resonator multiple‐input‐multiple‐output antenna for dual‐band applications

The communication presents a simple dielectric resonator (DR) multiple‐input‐multiple‐output (MIMO) dual‐band antenna. It utilizes two “I”‐shaped DR elements to construct an “I”‐shaped DR array antenna (IDRAA) for MIMO applications. The ground plane of the antenna is defected by two spiral complementary meander lines and two circular ground slots. In the configuration, two “I”‐shaped DR elements are placed with a separation of 0.098λ. The antenna covers dual‐band frequency spectra from 3.46 to 5.37 GHz (43.26%) and from 5.89 to 6.49 GHz (9.7%). It ensures the C‐band downlink (3.7‐4.2 GHz), uplink (5.925‐6.425 GHz), and WiMAX (5.15‐5.35 GHz) frequency bands. Each DR element is excited with a 50‐Ω microstrip line feed with aperture‐coupling mechanism. The antenna offers very high port isolation of around 18.5 and 20 dB in the lower band and upper band, respectively. The proposed structure is suitable to operate in the MIMO system because of its very nominal envelope correlation coefficient (<0.015) and high diversity gain (>9.8). The MIMO antenna provides very good mean effective gain value (±0.35 dB) and low channel capacity loss (<0.35 bit/s/Hz) throughout the entire operating bands. Simulated and measured results are in good agreement and they approve the suitability of the proposed IDRAA for C‐band uplink and downlink applications and WiMAX band applications.     

基于ECC与同态加密的加密算法

针对目前RSA(Rivest-Shamir-Adleman)同态加密方法计算效率低、公钥尺寸大、计算复杂度高的缺点,结合ECC(elliptic curve cryptography)与同态加密方法,提出一种改进的同态加密算法。在椭圆曲线加密算法的基础上,使用不同的私钥生成公钥并构造乘法同态加密方法,通过公钥对嵌入椭圆曲线中的点集加密并上传密文到云端。理论分析与实验结果表明,相对于目前的同态加密方法,改进后的加密算法在保证安全性的同时,解决了公钥尺寸大和计算复杂度高的问题,可直接对云中密文操作无需解密成明文。     

Offset planar MIMO antenna for omnidirectional radiation patterns

An offset quad element multi‐band planar MIMO antenna with omnidirectional radiation patterns is proposed for nonline of site (NLOS) communication on low‐cost FR‐4 dielectric substrate for 4G and future technologies. A 1 × 2 power divider arm results in dual beam and enhances diversity parameters and omnidirectional radiation patterns. Moreover, the MIMO antenna limits the proximity/coupling effects using a T‐shaped isolator and achieves more than 12.4 dB of isolation between the radiating ports. The proposed design covers WLAN/WiMAX bands with gain and radiation efficiency of more than 2.6 dBi and 71%, respectively, in 2:1 VSWR bands of bandwidths 16.39% (2.24‐2.64 GHz) and 7.88% (3.41‐3.69 GHz). The ?10 dB impedance bandwidth is more than 280 MHz in each band. An ECC level of ≤ 0.01 has been achieved in the whole band.     

高延性纤维增强水泥基复合材料研究应用新进展

首先综述了以ECC为代表的高延性纤维水泥基复合材料的发展过程及其基本力学性能,包括在单轴拉伸作用下优异的应变硬化以及多缝开裂的性能、抗压性能以及在弯曲作用下较高应变性能.其次较为详细地介绍了钢筋ECC结构构件,包括弯曲构件、受剪构件、梁柱连接构件以及预制填充墙等在往复周期荷载作用下的性能研究进展.最后简要介绍了目前ECC在工程中的应用情况,提出了今后应开展的主要研究内容.     

高韧性纤维水泥基薄板弯曲韧性

高韧性纤维水泥基材料(ECC)具备高韧性、多裂缝开展特征,填补由普通混凝土脆性引起的建材应用空白。但配合比调整对试验条件要求苛刻,拌合物和易性较差,不适宜大规模施工。试验修正材料配合比,通过薄板四点弯曲对材料变形能力及多裂缝开展性能进行研究,配制出满足工程需求的高工业副产品掺量ECC,减少水泥用量,降低能耗。利用修正后弯曲韧度指数法,分析试验结果,提出结合薄板纯弯区裂缝数目分析方法,研究ECC材料弯曲能力与耐久性关系,完善材料性能设计方法。     

An efficient and secure 3‐factor user‐authentication protocol for multiserver environment

In the last decade, the number of web‐based applications is increasing rapidly, which leads to high demand for user authentication protocol for multiserver environment. Many user‐authentication protocols have been proposed for different applications. Unfortunately, most of them either have some security weaknesses or suffer from unsatisfactory performance. Recently, Ali and Pal proposed a three‐factor user‐authentication protocol for multiserver environment. They claimed that their protocol can provide mutual authentication and is secure against many kinds of attacks. However, we find that Ali and Pal's protocol cannot provide user anonymity and is vulnerable to 4 kinds of attacks. To enhance security, we propose a new user‐authentication protocol for multiserver environment. Then, we provide a formal security analysis and a security discussion, which indicate our protocol is provably secure and can withstand various attacks. Besides, we present a performance analysis to show that our protocol is efficient and practical for real industrial environment.     

PVA纤维增强应变硬化水泥基材料韧性性能研究

水泥基材料抗拉强度低、韧性差是其易于开裂、导致结构耐久性低劣的主要原因之一。高模量聚乙烯醇(PVA)纤维可增强水泥基材料韧性,使其呈现准应变硬化和多缝开裂特征,从而改善结构耐久性。本文通过四点弯曲试验得出了不同加载速率和不同配比应变硬化水泥基复合材料(PVA-SHCC)的力-变形曲线并用CONSOFT软件计算断裂能。结果表明,硅灰使材料的抗压强度有所提高,但最大抗弯承载力和变形下降,断裂能随之降低;甲基纤维素使PVA-SHCC脆性增大;随着加载速率的降低,材料表现出更好的应变硬化性能,微裂缝条数增多。     

Efficient and secure message authentication scheme for VANET

A new efficient identity-based message authentication scheme for VANET was proposed. The proposed scheme decreased the complexity of cryptographic operations on signature by using elliptic curve cryptosystem (ECC) to construct authentication protocol without bilinear pairing and provided the function of conditional privacy-preserving. Security analysis demonstrated that the proposed scheme satisfies all security and privacy requirements for VANET. Per-formance analysis show that compared with the most recent proposed schemes the proposed scheme decreases the com-putation cost and communication cost.     

A State-of-the-art Elliptic Curve Cryptographic Processor Operating in the Frequency Domain

We propose a novel area/time efficient elliptic curve cryptography (ECC) processor architecture which performs all finite field arithmetic operations in the discrete Fourier domain. The proposed architecture utilizes a class of optimal extension fields (OEF) GF(q ^m ) where the field characteristic is a Mersenne prime q = 2 ⁿ  − 1 and m = n. The main advantage of our architecture is that it achieves extension field modular multiplication in the discrete Fourier domain with only a linear number of base field GF(q) multiplications in addition to a quadratic number of simpler operations such as addition and bitwise rotation. We achieve an area between 25k and 50k equivalent gates for the implementations over OEFs of size 169, 289 and 361 bits. With its low area and high speed, the proposed architecture is well suited for ECC in small device environments such as sensor networks. The work at hand presents the first hardware implementation of a frequency domain multiplier suitable for ECC and the first hardware implementation of ECC in the frequency domain.

基于排序损失的ECC多标签代码异味检测方法

代码异味是由糟糕的代码或设计问题引起的一种软件特征,严重影响了软件系统的可靠性和可维护性.在软件系统中,一段代码元素可能同时受到多种代码异味的影响,使得软件质量明显下降.多标签分类适用该情况,将高共现的多个代码异味置于同一标签组,可以更好地考虑代码异味的相关性,但现有的多标签代码异味检测方法未考虑同一段代码元素中多种代码异味检测顺序的影响.对此,提出了一种基于排序损失的集成分类器链(ensemble of classifier chains,ECC)多标签代码异味检测方法,该方法选择随机森林作为基础分类器并采取多次迭代ECC的方式,以排序损失最小化为目标,选择一个较优的标签序列集,优化代码异味检测顺序问题,模拟其生成机理,检测一段代码元素是否同时存在长方法长参数列表、复杂类消息链或消息链过大类这3组代码异味.实验采用9个评价指标,结果表明所提出的检测方法优于现有的多标签代码异味检测方法,F1平均值达97.16%.