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51.
52.
Confinement-Shear Lattice Model for Concrete Damage in Tension and Compression: II. Computation and Validation 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Gianluca Cusatis Zdeněk P. Ba?ant Luigi Cedolin 《Canadian Metallurgical Quarterly》2003,129(12):1449-1458
The concrete material model developed in the preceding Part I of this study is formulated numerically. The new model is then verified by comparisons with experimental data for compressive and tensile uniaxial tests, biaxial tests, and triaxial tests, as well as notched tests of mode I fracture and size effect. 相似文献
53.
Two types of polymeric sols, resorcinol‐formaldehyde (RF) and resorcinol‐furfural (RFur), were mixed in a water‐containing medium with aqueous solutions of inorganic salts: NH4ClO4, Mg(ClO4)2, and NH4NO3. After gelation and an ambient pressure drying, hybrid nanocomposites with properties of energetic materials were obtained. It was stated that salt concentration and addition of a second solvent (e.g., methanol or N,N‐dimethylformamide) to the mixture of reagents have crucial meaning for gel formation. In the case when only water was used, the mixture of organic sol/inorganic salt did not transfer from sol to gel, and precipitates were formed. Conventional drying of wet gelled composites leads to rigid material called xerogels. The RF xerogels are red and RFur xerogels are black. Typically, xerogels are transparent at low salt concentration (below 30%). The microstructure, morphology, and some other properties of chosen composites were studied by means of HR SEM, AFM, XRD, DTA/TG, and N2 adsorption isotherm techniques. SEM observation revealed that sizes of the oxidizer particles vary from less than 100 nm to ca. 1000 nm. XRD analyses also confirmed the presence of nanometer‐sized crystals of oxidizers in some formulations. The specific surface area of polymeric matrix/oxidizer composites was found to be in the range from 0.002 to 0.3 m2 g−1. After removing the salt from the composites (by extraction with boiling water), the specific surface area grows even up to 210 m2 g−1. TG/DTA analyses showed that the tested composites decompose as typical energetic materials. If pre‐heated and exposed to flame, some of them (especially RF/Mg(ClO4)2 composites) undergo violent deflagration with loud sound and flash effect. 相似文献
54.
Michael R. Walsh Marianne E. Walsh Susan Taylor Charles A. Ramsey David B. Ringelberg Jan E. Zufelt Sonia Thiboutot Guy Ampleman Emmanuela Diaz 《Propellants, Explosives, Pyrotechnics》2013,38(3):399-409
Insensitive high explosives are being used in military munitions to counteract unintended detonations during storage and transportation. These formulations contain compounds such as 2,4‐dinitroanisole (DNAN) and 3‐nitro‐1,2,4‐triazol‐5‐one (NTO), which are less sensitive to shock and heat than conventional explosives. We conducted a series of four tests on snow‐covered ice utilizing 60‐mm mortar cartridges filled with 358 g of PAX‐21, a mixture of RDX, DNAN, and ammonium perchlorate. Rounds were detonated high‐ and low‐order using a fuze simulator to initiate detonation. Blow‐in‐place (BIP) operations were conducted on fuzed rounds using an external donor charge or a shaped‐charge initiator. Results indicate that 0.001 % of the original mass of RDX and DNAN were deposited during high‐order detonations, but up to 28 % of the perchlorate remained. For the donor block BIPs, 1 % of the RDX and DNAN remained. Residues masses for these operations were significantly higher than for conventional munitions. Low‐order detonations deposited 10–15 % of their original explosive filler in friable chunks up to 5.2 g in mass. Shaped‐charge BIPs scattered 15 % of the filler and produced chunks up to 15 g. Ammonium perchlorate residue masses were extremely high because of the presence of large AP crystals, up to 400 μm in the recovered particles. 相似文献
55.
Xian Xue Xiaofeng Yuan Rong Ma Qibin Yuan Hong Wang 《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2019,39(13):3744-3748
In this study, the novel temperature-stable (1-x)Ag2MoO4-xAg0.5Bi0.5MoO4 microwave dielectric ceramics were prepared by a modified solid-state reaction method. The phase composition, microstructures and microwave dielectric properties of the (1-x)Ag2MoO4-xAg0.5Bi0.5MoO4 ceramics were investigated. All the compounds can be sintered well at ultra-low temperatures (<540 °C). The XRD and SEM analysis indicate that the Ag2MoO4 and the Ag0.5Bi0.5MoO4 can coexist with each other. When x = 0.65, the ceramics exhibit the best microwave dielectric properties with a relative permittivity of 23.9, a Q × f value of 16,200 GHz (at 7.3 GHz) and a near-zero TCF value of -2.4 ppm/°C at 520 °C. The results indicate that temperature-stable (1-x)Ag2MoO4-xAg0.5Bi0.5MoO4 ceramics are promising candidates for low temperature co-fired ceramics (LTCC) applications. 相似文献
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58.
浅析国内外对于"仿瓷餐具"技术要求的差异 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
介绍了我国标准和欧盟、美国和日本食品接触材料法规对于密胺、脲醛模塑制品的技术要求,对其主要差异进行了对比分析. 相似文献
59.
为了实现对花生壳这一农产品的回收利用,采用花生壳粉末与PP制备应用于家居填充物的复合材料,对其最优工艺条件进行了研究,测试了所制备材料的拉伸、弯曲以及冲击特性.结果表明,随着花生壳粉末质量分数的增加,所制复合材料的拉伸、弯曲强度在花生壳粉末质量分数为40%时取得最大值,而冲击强度随着花生壳粉末质量分数的增加反而变小.所制备复合材料满足家居填充物要求的最优工艺为:当花生壳粉末质量分数为40%,热压温度175℃,热压压力12MPa,热压时间5min时.其弯曲性能、拉伸性能和冲击性能均较好. 相似文献
60.
Kang Guan Laifei Cheng Qingfeng Zeng Zhi-Qiang Feng Litong Zhang Hui Li Haitao Ren 《Chemical engineering science》2011,(23):5852
Taking into account the gas diffusion parallel and perpendicular to the bundle axis, a two-dimensional model combining the non-conservative level set method and the steady-state diffusion equation is presented for evolving pore structure in the bundle cross-section. Parametric studies have been conducted to determine the sensitivity of residual porosity within the bundle to the structure parameters. Sheldon and Besmann's approach is revised and more realistic approximated expressions depicting the accessible and total porosity evolution inside the bundle are given. Such expression can serve as useful estimate of pore structure evolution for modeling the CVI process. 相似文献