美国动能拦截弹红外成像导引头的发展分析

概述了美国弹道导弹防御系统的核心要求和红外制导型动能拦截弹在该系统中的重要地位.介绍了美国正在部署、试验和研制的几种大气层外和大气层内弹道导弹防御动能拦截器的红外成像导引头的作战使命、拦截目标、任务特性、设计方案和发展现状,简要分析了美国正在和即将部署的动能拦截弹难以有效地对付不断发展的弹道导弹威胁的突防对抗措施的弱点,概述了近年来发展的满足多对多拦截需求的多拦截弹头(MKV)的红外成像导引头的发展现状,并介绍了近年来重点探索的旨在提高对小间距物体的区辨能力和对弹道导弹弹头的识别能力的新概念红外成像导引头,包括多波段红外成像导引头和主/被动红外成像导引头.     

农村广播电视数字流媒体播出前端建设

介绍农村广播电视流媒体播出前端的构建,流媒体播出前端系统硬件和软件的功能及实施过程。     

一种用于核辐射监测信号的多微处理系统

介绍了4兆伏静电正离子加速器的监测防护系统,该系统由多个微处理器与主控机分布式分布,组成高速多通道辐射信号采集控制系统,可以对多点核辐射的能量、强度、剂量率,剂量及剂量当量进行监测.系统的核电路部分采用最新的芯片产品,合理的硬件安排,优化的软件编程,在仅更换不同的探头后,便可探测分析γ,X及快中子辐射.在参数稍做调整之后,就可以广泛应用于类似条件的其他场所的辐射监测.     

一种多目标打击时火炮定位的新方法

为提高半自主式坦克火控系统的连续打击能力,针对当前坦克火控系统无法实现多目标跟踪的现状,克服了在坦克上安装雷达等方式存在的改造成本高、易暴露和资源浪费等弊端,结合装备特点提出了一种基于新型坐标体系和GPS定位的打击多目标时的火炮定位新方法。该方法通过在新型坐标体系下的目标位置记忆、目标位置预测和火炮角度定位,可实现对多个目标位置的粗略跟踪。实验证明,此方法对于数量为4个以下的多目标跟踪具有较高的准确率和良好的应用前景。     

访问控制框架及其在Linux中的应用研究

简要介绍了ISO通用访问控制框架,比较详细地阐述和分析了当前几种主要的访问控制框架理论及其在Linux中的实现,对这几种访问控制框架的相同点和不同点进行了比较,最后指出了这些访问控制框架存在的一些问题及今后的发展趋势.     

高速数字电路的FPGA实现技巧

高速数字电路是工程设计的一个难点和重点;FPGA和EDA工具提供了实现高速数字电路的资源和技术,把高速数字电路设计与FPGA技术相结合,依靠FPGA芯片和EDA工具所提供的功能来设计高速数字电路,将大大简化高速数字电路的设计难度和工程时间;在FPGA实现高速数字电路的过程中经常遇到的3个问题:时钟偏移、同步器的亚稳态性,以及高速传输接口的处理;在深入理解亚稳态,时钟偏移的产生机理和充分利用FPGA和EDA软件的基础上,可以比较快速地解决以上问题.     

基于现场总线的PLC与组态技术在数控技术中的应用

在分析现场总线技术的基础上,结合浙江工业职业技术学院数控系工业中心实际,提出了一种基于现场总线的PLC监控网络及组态软件技术方案,指出在学院工业中心采用现场总线技术进行网络监控对提高所有数控设备的工作效率,提升教学效果,保证一体化教学品质有重要意义.     

A Short ERAP2 That Binds IRAP Is Expressed in Macrophages Independently of Gene Variation

The M1 zinc metalloproteases ERAP1, ERAP2, and IRAP play a role in HLA-I antigen presentation by refining the peptidome either in the ER (ERAP1 and ERAP2) or in the endosomes (IRAP). They have also been entrusted with other, although less defined, functions such as the regulation of the angiotensin system and blood pressure. In humans, ERAP1 and IRAP are commonly expressed. ERAP2 instead has evolved under balancing selection that maintains two haplotypes, one of which undergoing RNA splicing leading to nonsense-mediated decay and loss of protein. Hence, likewise in rodents, wherein the ERAP2 gene is missing, about a quarter of the human population does not express ERAP2. We report here that macrophages, but not monocytes or other mononuclear blood cells, express and secrete an ERAP2 shorter form independent of the haplotype. The generation of this “short” ERAP2 is due to an autocatalytic cleavage within a distinctive structural motif and requires an acidic micro-environment. Remarkably, ERAP2 “short” binds IRAP and the two molecules are co-expressed in the endosomes as well as in the cell membrane. Of note, the same phenomenon could be observed in some cancer cells. These data prompt us to reconsider the role of ERAP2, which might have been maintained in humans due to fulfilling a relevant function in its “short” form.     

地热资源在供热空调开发利用中的研究现状和进展

本文首先回顾了国内外地热资源在供热空调方面的应用历程及研究现状,重点介绍了当前地热供暖空调的新技术。其次,就目前系统开发设计中遇到的问题提出并分析了应采取的措施,为地热资源的合理利用提供了依据。     

A Review of Toxicity Mechanism Studies of Electronic Cigarettes on Respiratory System

Electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) have attracted much attention as a new substitute for conventional cigarettes. E-cigarettes are first exposed to the respiratory system after inhalation, and studies on the toxicity mechanisms of e-cigarettes have been reported. Current research shows that e-cigarette exposure may have potentially harmful effects on cells, animals, and humans, while the safety evaluation of the long-term effects of e-cigarette use is still unknown. Similar but not identical to conventional cigarettes, the toxicity mechanisms of e-cigarettes are mainly manifested in oxidative stress, inflammatory responses, and DNA damage. This review will summarize the toxicity mechanisms and signal pathways of conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes concerning the respiratory system, which could give researchers a better understanding and direction on the effects of e-cigarettes on our health.