定向凝固NiAl合金的微观组织和高温力学性能Ⅱ.高温力学性能 …

用压缩实验的方法研究了热等静压处理后ＤＳ ＮｉＡｌ－２８Ｃｒ－５．５Ｍｏ－０．５Ｈｆ合金的高温变形行为。发现流变应力随温度升高或应变速率减小而降低,服从幂指数规律,并求出了合金的应力指数ｎ和变形激活能Ｑ。运用ＨＲＥＭ从微观方面分析了合金中存在的各种界面以及界面与力学性能的关系。     

Radiation-induced defects in different silicon (111) wafers by 400 keV electron irradiation

The energy deposition for low-energy electron beam on Si-SiO2 models was calculated by Monte-Carlo method. Making use of electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) technique, an investigation of the effect of dopant type and concentration on EPR signal variations was carried out by using p-type and n-type silicon(111) wafers with concentration of 1×1015 cm 3 and 1×1017 cm 3, and the changes of intensity of defect paramagnetic centers before and after irradiation of electrons were compared. The chemical states of Si-SiO2 structure were determined by X-ray photoelectrons spectroscopy(XPS). The results clearly indicate that the effects of dopant variations (type and concentration) are of obvious difference. Compared with p-type silicon, n-type silicon, especially with higher dopant concentration, tends to produce defect at the interface under low-energy electron irradiation with certain flux, which arises from the hole trapped on a nonbridging oxygen atom bonded to P. It is represented in the form of distinct changes of POHC intensity and P2P spectrum. According to the theoretical and experimental data, the relationship among electron energy deposition, chemical states of element Si at SiO2 -Si(111) interface, and radiation effect were analyzed and discussed.     

亚微米WC添加对超音速火焰喷涂WC–Co涂层磨损性能影响

采用湿法球磨将亚微米WC（~300 nm）和WC–12Co粉末混合均匀并使亚微米WC均匀粘附于WC–12Co粉末的表面,采用超音速火焰喷涂方法（HVOF）在304不锈钢基体表面制备WC和WC–12Co的WC–Co复合涂层,研究亚微米WC的添加对涂层相组成、显微硬度、耐磨性能和表面形貌的影响。利用X射线衍射分析涂层相组成,压痕法测试涂层的显微硬度,通过往复式摩擦磨损实验测试磨损性能,扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对涂层磨损表面和断面进行微观形貌观察,并分析涂层的磨损过程和机制。结果表明,添加质量分数5%的亚微米WC颗粒显著提高了涂层的显微硬度（16.3%）;增强了涂层的耐磨性,磨损率从6.09×10-7 mm3/Nm减小到5.15×10-7 mm3/Nm（减小13.8%）;亚微米WC颗粒喷涂后在涂层中保持了WC相,并主要存在于WC–Co扁平粒子界面和孔隙。基于涂层中扁平粒子的结合特性与磨损失效特征,建立强化模型,分析亚微米WC颗粒对涂层扁平粒子界面的强化机制。     

Zn-Al钎料钎焊Cu/Al接头组织和性能(英文)

使用不同成分的Zn-Al钎料对铜铝异种金属进行火焰钎焊,研究其力学性能。利用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和能谱研究不同Zn-Al钎料对Cu/Al钎焊接头钎焊性、力学性能及显微组织的影响。结果表明:随着Al含量的增加,Zn-Al钎料在Cu和Al上的铺展面积逐渐增大。当钎料中Al含量为15%时,Cu/Al接头的抗剪强度达到最大值88MPa;随着组织的变化,钎缝硬度值呈现HV122到HV515不等的分布。另外,钎缝组织的成分主要为富Zn相和富Al相,但是当钎料中Al含量为2%和15%以上时,靠近Cu侧的界面处会分别形成CuZn3和Al2Cu两种完全不同的金属间化合物。研究Zn-Al钎料中铝含量对Cu/Al接头界面化合物类型的影响。     

TiC-Mo2FeB2系复合涂层的组织与性能

用真空液相烧结法在钢基体表面制备了TiC-Mo2FeB2系复合涂层,测定了TiC-Mo2FeB2系复合涂层-钢基体界面结合强度及界面结合区的显微硬度变化,研究了复合涂层的显微组织与界面微观结构和界面区元素分布。结果表明,涂层与钢基体之间具有较高的结合强度,当TiC含量为8%时结合强度最高为820.66 MPa,显微维氏硬度为12.06 GPa,在复合涂层-钢基体结合界面处,存在一个由涂层高硬度到钢基体低硬度的狭窄过渡区,并且两相之间形成了良好的冶金结合。     

Si粉微合金化对钢-铝复合材料界面的影响

采用粉末轧制工艺,在界面添加4％ Si粉进行界面微合金化调控,成功制备出界面结合良好的钢-铝复合材料.研究了界面微合金化设计、扩散退火处理工艺对钢-铝复合材料界面区元素扩散、生成物相的影响规律,探讨了元素Si界面调控的作用机理.结果表明:添加4％ Si粉界面微合金设计,在500℃扩散退火,保温1h热处理工艺下,复合材料界面未出现金属间化合物,600℃扩散退火,保温1h热处理工艺下,仅出现少量化合物Fe2Al5,Si粉界面微合金化处理能延缓界面化合物相生成,使生成Fe2Al5相的扩散温度向高温推移;Si扩散固溶到Fe、Al基体中形成连续固溶体,提高了界面两侧物理及力学性能的连续性,改善复合材料的界面结合.     

Computation of feed-paths for casting solidification using level-set-method

The aim of the present work is to compute feed-paths and hot-spots by combining level-set-method based sharp interface and feed-path model. The model is based on the solution of energy and level-set equations in solid and liquid, with Stefan condition on the interface. The energy and level-set equation are discretized using finite-volume and finite-difference method, respectively. Feed-path is computed by tracking mass-less particles along the liquid-solid interface during solidification using combined Eulerian-Lagrangian framework. The proposed model is benchmarked on six test cases, where temperature contours and solidification time are compared with a finite-element-method based commercial software. The capability to predict the temporal evolution of interface and to identify multiple hot-spots is validated with an industrial aluminum-alloy lug casting. The numerical as well as experimental validations demonstrate the effectiveness of level-set-method for feed-path calculation.     

The heterophase interface character distribution of physical vapor-deposited and accumulative roll-bonded Cu-Nb multilayer composites

We present a method for characterizing the full five parameter heterophase interface character distributions (HICD) using two-dimensional electron back-scatter diffraction (EBSD) images. We apply the HICD method to determine the orientation relationships and three-dimensional normal vectors of Cu-Nb interfaces in both physical vapor-deposited (PVD) pure Cu-Nb (4 μm individual layer thickness) and accumulative roll-bonded (ARB) alloyed Cu-Nb multilayer composites (200-600 nm layer thickness). The HICD analysis shows that {1 1 2}_Cu planes are most preferentially and frequently bonded with {1 1 2}_Nb planes with Kurdjumov-Sachs and Nishiyama-Wasserman misorientations in the ARB alloyed Cu-Nb multilayers. These interfaces differ from the {1 1 1}_Cu||{1 1 0}_Nb interfaces predominantly found in the PVD pure Cu-Nb multilayered thin films. Also, pure tilt type interfaces with a [1 1 1]/30° misorientation and {1 1 0}_Cu planes bonded to {1 1 2}_Nb planes were found in ARB alloyed Cu-Nb multilayers. In the ARB material the observed Cu-Nb interfaces differ from what would be obtained from random pairings of the Cu and Nb orientations in terms of the relative intensities (in multiples of random distribution) and shapes of the interface normal peaks, which indicates that these interfaces were preferentially selected during the high strain ARB process. The measured ARB textures along the interface also differ from the theoretical rolling textures for each bulk single phase metal, suggesting that during ARB layer refinement these interfaces have some influence on slip activity by constraining grain deformation or through the kinetics of dislocation-interface interactions.     

Nb、Mo对TiAl基合金高温氧化行为的协同效应研究

采用冷坩埚悬浮熔炼技术制备Nb、Mo合金化的TiAl基合金,研究合金在大气环境中的高温长时氧化行为。采用X射线衍射、扫描电镜及能谱分析研究氧化层的相结构、显微组织及与基体合金的界面特征,结合氧化动力学测试研究Nb、Mo对TiAl基合金高温抗氧化行为的协同效应。结果发现,Nb、Mo协同作用较单一元素合金化的TiAl合金具有更为优良的高温抗氧化性,连续致密且与基体良好结合的氧化膜可明显降低合金的氧化速率、减小氧化增重。Nb、Mo掺杂的TiAl基合金氧化层可阻止氧原子向内扩散,Nb、Mo的协同效应有助于改善TiAl基合金的高温抗氧化性。     

异种耐热钢瞬时液相扩散连接界面形态与形成机理

采用瞬时液相扩散连接双温工艺对异种耐热钢管进行了连接,使用氩气保护,FeNiCrSiB非晶箔作为扩散连接中间层.研究了异种耐热钢瞬时液相扩散连接界面的形成机理,测试了接头的组织和性能,采用激光共聚焦显微镜研究分析了界面形貌.结果表明,异种钢瞬时液相扩散连接时,液态中间层的结晶过程是在基体上联生生长,晶体长大具有方向性,少量杂质在接头中心以曲线状分布,形成了非直线型的连接界面.双温工艺的短时高温加热过程有利于破碎界面氧化物形成洁净连接晶面层,促进晶粒外延生长.