A note on the inadequacy of percentage grading scales for almost all ability distributions.

This study investigated distributions of letter grades (A,B,C,D,F) assigned to test scores according to the percentages adopted by Canadian universities, assuming realistic score distributions of ten different shapes with various means and standard deviations. The grade distributions corresponding to 83 out of 90 score distributions were highly anomalous, and the remaining 7 were far from ideal. Therefore, in the majority of practical testing situations, the percentage grading method is inadequate because of purely statistical properties of a scale based on fixed percentages. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Computational statistics for cell survival curves. I. Evaluation of the colony-forming ability of a single cell strain by the APL function CFALINE

An interactive program for the statistical analysis of cell survival curves by a linear regression approach is described. It allows for the computational determination of the linear part of a cell survival curve and the determination of a common slope estimate in the presence of repeated experiments for a particular cell strain with the appropriate variance estimates and confidence intervals.     

改进浆叶设计提高高速混合机的生产能力

叙述了混合机的浆叶设计与改进提高电缆料产、质量及节能降耗的关系。     

The Lowry test: A simple status-free measure of intellectual ability.

The validity of an intelligence test is discussed. "The Lowry Reasoning Test Combination has been found to be relatively free of social status bias and to measure intellectual function. It is easily administered and simply scored and does not depend upon a high level of verbal ability. Variance in concept difficulty is obtained by altering combinations of constructs while keeping the verbal material on a uniformly simple level. Whereever such a discriminative and effective selection device is needed the present writers would recommend that the Lowry test be tried." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Personality and ability factors in sales performance.

A variety of personality and ability tests were utilized in a study devised to isolate effective predictors of sales success and to study the various factors in sales performance. The Ss were 65 dealer salesmen employed by a mojr petroleum company. Objective criterion measures were developed using sales figures covering a 4-year period. After cross-validation 2 tests emerged as reliable predictors. The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale Arithmetic subtest yielded correlations with criterion measures in the low .30s. The Tomkins-Horn Picture Arrangement Test yielded correlations in the high .50s. On the latter test measures of dependence, sociophilia, self-confidence, and happiness were found in association with successful sales performances; measures of low aggression, sociophobia, and strong superego were found in association with poor performance. From Psyc Abstracts 36:05:5LD06M. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Ability, interest, and aptitude.

Referring to published research, it is logically deduced and geometrically illustrated that there are grounds for the hypothesis that "in predicting success, the greater the time interval involved, the more important becomes interest and the less important becomes ability." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2011 APA, all rights reserved)     

Learning, retention, and conceptual usage in elderly patients with memory disorder.

Elderly patients clinically judged to be suffering from memory disorder show difficulty in learning paired-associates and the kind of tasks found in the Wechsler Performance Scale. The learning difficulty extends to other kinds of learning problems and retention processes are also affected. The relevance of some of Hebb's notions concerning the likely relations between learning and cognitive functioning in human adults was also examined. The results confirmed expectations and suggested that the sort of neuropsychological model elaborated by Hebb may be a useful source of working hypotheses in this area. 18 refs. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Review of Developing management ability.

Reviews the book "Developing management ability" by Earl G. Planty and J. Thomas Freeston (1954). This book is made up of six hundred questions that vary in scope with answers varying in length from a single sentence to several pages. According to the reviewer, to the person who is looking for answers to many of the questions that arise concerning management development without getting into the theoretical implications or research background, this book can be recommended highly. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

Communication restraints, group flexibility, and group confidence.

"This study was designed to explore the relationship between selected group structure variables and the group's ability to adjust to the requirements of a new situation (group flexibility) and the group members' expressed confidence in the ability of the group to succeed in a problem-solving situation." About 1000 men in 96 aircrews did a group task (8-item intelligence exam). Leaders in flexible groups scored low on the F scale and high on conformity. Greater confidence was expressed by members of high attraction groups and groups whose leaders tended to conform to the group members' opinions. "… groups with more open communication systems (group with fewer communication restraints) are more flexible and more confident." (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

巧选动画片培养儿童创造力——以《小熊维尼和跳跳虎》为例

在传媒业发达的当今,动画片成为儿童认识世界的一个主要渠道,有选择地收看动画片是家庭教育的一部分。学龄前后是创造力这种复合能力培养的最佳时期。本文以一部经典作品为例,帮助家长从优化多元性格、培养观察力和想象力、保持好奇心、自主寻找答案等角度出发,甄选有益身心的动画片,让儿童在快乐中开启创造潜能。