The (Uncertain) Future of Libraries in a Google World

Abstract

Libraries are in competition with other entities that provide information access to students, scholars and the general public. This constitutes a radical change in the information environment. The library profession's failure to take seriously the change that has taken place in the information environment, and to respond with fundamental changes of its own, may well spell disaster for the library as we know it.     

Information Counseling Inventory of Affective and Cognitive Reactions While Learning the Internet

Abstract

Library professionals in the information age are called upon to provide user-friendly information environments. To accomplish this, more detailed knowledge is needed about the information behavior of users. The concept “information counseling” reflects this new orientation and involves instruction activities such as: orienting, advising, and reassuring novice learners. The taxonomic approach transforms self-witnessing reports into classified segments of information behaviors at three levels of internalization and in three behavioral domains, including: affective, cognitive, and sensorimotor behavior. Reference librarians and instructors are invited to contribute to the taxonomy and make use of it in planning and designing programs and facilities. This behavioral inventory of information behaviors learning the Internet is presented with illustrative entries under each category for affective and cognitive behavior. Suggested uses for the inventory include promoting information self-counseling skills, helping learners overcome technophobia through generational self-witnessing reports, and creating better point-of-use instructions for novices using complex information systems.     

Designing a Special Library's Intranet for an Engineering Audience

ABSTRACT

Designing a successful library Web site for an engineering audience means researching how engineers find and use information. It also requires the special librarian to conduct usability tests to determine what is and isn't working on the site. The special librarian is more than simply a librarian, he or she must be able to take the research and the test results and either build the Web site or make sure the site is built by a team. The librarian must be able to play several roles: researcher, tester, project leader, and Web manager. The more successful the librarian is at involving users in site design, the more used and usable the site will be. This article describes one librarian's experience with designing a special library Intranet. It also includes an extensive bibliography of related articles.     

Researching Recent U.S. Legislation Using Free Sites on the Internet

Abstract

This study investigates the effects of gender, college status, and prior Internet experience on the use of Internet resources. The subjects were 96 patrons randomly selected from those using the Internet terminals at the University Library of the University at Albany, SUNY, during the first two months of 1995. We found that the majority of users shared the following characteristics: they are male undergraduates affiliated with the social sciences and are novice users who have less than six months experience. Respondents felt strongly that the Internet is useful, and has been an important resource for their research and assignments. Users have high expectations of searching capabilities, while they feel neutral or disappointed with browsing. Our findings indicate that libraries should provide access to the Internet. They also suggest that libraries should take the lead in developing searchable indexes and making info-bases better organized for the ease and effectiveness of browsing.     

管理科学发展的泛系鸟瞰与显微

从泛系理论的视角,运用泛系快深频方法对管理科学各理论学派进行审视,对相关理论进行详细解读,将管理科学与方法看成某种特化的泛系方法与泛系管理哲学,在泛系理法基础上实现某种三大显生(系统,关系,泛对称//泛系真善美禅极值原理)及技术化具体建构的分类对策巧显生.     

基于认知主导决策模型的陆军合同战术指挥员Agent建模策略

作战模拟系统中陆军指挥员模型建模十分重要,其决策不确定性强,功能实现复杂。针对这一问题,提出了基于认知主导决策模型的建模思想,并针对其计算机实现面临的决策者经验态势结构化描述、经验态势与当前态势自动匹配以及指挥员行为建模等重点难点问题提出了解决策略。     

From big smartphone data to worldwide research: The Mobile Data Challenge

This paper presents an overview of the Mobile Data Challenge (MDC), a large-scale research initiative aimed at generating innovations around smartphone-based research, as well as community-based evaluation of mobile data analysis methodologies. First, we review the Lausanne Data Collection Campaign (LDCC), an initiative to collect unique longitudinal smartphone dataset for the MDC. Then, we introduce the Open and Dedicated Tracks of the MDC, describe the specific datasets used in each of them, discuss the key design and implementation aspects introduced in order to generate privacy-preserving and scientifically relevant mobile data resources for wider use by the research community, and summarize the main research trends found among the 100+ challenge submissions. We finalize by discussing the main lessons learned from the participation of several hundred researchers worldwide in the MDC Tracks.     

一种基于人工免疫技术的存储异常检测系统

绝大部分认证子系统无法保证账户的真实性,它会将冒用盗窃账户的入侵者视为‘合法’用户。为了过滤这类非法用户,存储安全子系统必须进行访问行为诊断。为了增强存储预警能力,提出一种基于人工免疫的异常检测方案来监控用户的访问行为。若一个访问请求违反了访问控制规则,它就被视为‘异己’,从而给存储安全子系统提供一些警告提示。本方案(Storage Anomaly Detection System,SADS)针对存储层的入侵检测,并关注读/写数据请求,同时与网络入侵检测系统协同构筑了两层检测体系。仿真结果显示,SADS能达到相当高的检测率和较低的误警率,验证了方案可行性。而开销测试表明,SADS子模块的时间开销是可接受的(如对3MB的数据,其开销控制在11.6%以内)。     

构件行为协议实时性扩展及相容性验证

对复杂实时构件系统行为进行形式化描述和相容性验证,可以有效提高系统的正确性、可靠性。分析了学术界和工业界的主流构件模型及常见时间行为的形式化描述方法,对构件行为协议BP(Behavior Protocol)进行了扩展,提出了时间行为协议TbP(Timed Behavior Protocol),分析了构件组合中常见的相容性错误类型,给出了基于时间行为协议的构件组合相容性验证算法。TBP应用简洁、方便、易于验证。结合具体例子给出了应用示例。     

社区问答系统研究综述

作为一种新兴的知识共享模式,社区问答系统(CQA)具有交互性、开放性的特点,能够更好地满足为用户提供个性化的信息服务的需求。对社区问答系统的研究及应用现状进行综述,系统阐述了用户行为模式、内容质量检测、问题检索等CQA中主要问题的研究以及CQA在其他媒体中的应用。最后展望了CQA中下一步值得研究的问题。本讨论有助于进一步丰富和拓展CQA的研究。