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11.
The bonding of β'-Al2O3 and pyrex glass to Al matrix composites by anodic bonding process is achieved. The microstructure of the bonded interface and the joining mechanisms are analyzed with scanning electron microscope (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence spectrometer (EDX). It is observed that the bonding region across the interface consists of the metal layer, oxide transitional layer and the ceramic layer, with the transitional layer composed of surface region and sub-surface region. The bonding process can mainly be categorized into anodic bonding process and solid state diffusing process. The pile-up of the ions and its drift in the interface area are the main reasons for anode oxidation and joining of the interface. The temperature, voltage and the drift ions in the ceramic or glass during the bonding process are the essential conditions to solid state diffusing and oxide bonding at the interface. The voltages, temperature, pressure as well as the surface state are the main factors that influence the anodic bonding. 相似文献
12.
本文介绍了一个用户接口管理系统NUUIMS的设计和实现.重点叙述了该系统基于规范化目标用户接口模型的设计思想,系统组成及描述方法.文章也讨论了使用NUUIMS设计而成的用户接口的特点. 相似文献
13.
Wang Xuegang Yan Fengjie Yan Qian Li Xingeng 《Frontiers of Materials Science in China》2007,1(2):225-227
An iron-based amorphous foil (FeNiCrSiB) was used as an interlayer for the amorphous diffusion bonding of low carbon steel
pipes under argon flux. The microstructure and mechanical properties of the joint were analyzed using an electron probe micro-analyzer
(EPMA), tensile test, bending test and impact test. The results show that the joint microstructure resembles that of the base
metal and no precipitates form at the joint. Melting point depressants (B, Si) diffuse far away from the joint and the base
metal element is homogenous across the joint. The joint impact toughness is greater than the base metal toughness and the
mechanical properties of the joint are similar around the pipe. 相似文献
14.
Lawrence K. Forbes Graeme C. Hocking Simon Wotherspoon 《Journal of Engineering Mathematics》2004,48(1):69-91
Rainwater can collect in a lens-shaped region within the rock of a tropical island, and may be separated from the underlying salt water by a sharp interface. This paper presents a nonlinear theory for determining the shape of this interface. The island is assumed to be saturated with rain, and provision is made for the outflow of rain-water through the sides of the island. The effect of a bore well on the shape of the interface is investigated, and the problem is solved using a spectral method. An integral-equation method is also presented for the case when the island has infinite width. 相似文献
15.
16.
The structural properties and hydrogen bonding of undoped and phosphorous doped polycrystalline silicon produced by step-by-step laser dehydrogenation and crystallization technique were investigated using Raman spectroscopy and hydrogen effusion measurements. At low laser fluences, EL, a two-layer system is created. This is accompanied by the change in hydrogen bonding. The intensity of the Si–H vibration mode at 2000 decreases faster than the one at 2100 cm−1. This is even more pronounced in phosphorous-doped specimens. The laser crystallization results in an increase of the hydrogen binding energy by approximately 0.2–0.3 eV compared to the amorphous starting materials. 相似文献
17.
Connecting people across the “digital divide” is as much a social effort as a technological one. We are developing a community-centred
approach to learn how interaction techniques can compensate for poor communication across the digital divide. We have incorporated
the lessons learned regarding social intelligence design in an abstraction and in a device called the SoftBridge. The SoftBridge
allows communication to flow from endpoints through adapters, getting converted if necessary, and out to destination endpoints.
Field trials are underway with two communities in South Africa: disadvantaged Deaf users and an isolated rural community.
Initial lessons learned show that we have to design user interfaces that allow users to understand and cope with delay. We
also learned that social concerns are often more important than the technical issues in designing such systems. 相似文献
18.
In the present work the formation of the interface between polycrystalline silver and thin films of titanium oxide was studied with photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS, UPS) and time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS). Titanium oxide was deposited stepwise on 100 nm thick silver films by reactive magnetron sputtering allowing to study the evolution of the interface formation process. The process involves two steps: formation of thin layer of silver oxide and subsequent growth of the TiO2 film. For better understanding of the silver oxidation process, pure silver films were exposed to a low temperature Ar/O plasma for different time intervals providing a possibility to investigate early stages of the oxide film growth. 相似文献
19.
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