针对电压可调处理器的低功耗设计策略

在便携式系统的低功耗设计中，动态电源管理（Dynamic Power Management，DPM）和动态电压调节（Dynamic Voltage Scaling，DVS）已经成为比较通用的技术，并且很多实验数据表明DVS省电性能比DPM更为优越。本文针对电压可调的处理器，在理论证明的基础上提出了一种能够跟踪工作负载需求变化，在保证给定任务组中所有任务性能的同时实现系统能耗最优化的电压调节策略EOVSP（Energy Optimal Voltage Scaling Policy）。实验结果也表明，该策略在满足系统性能要求的前提下具有比一般DPM策略更好的省电性能。     

一种高速低功耗电荷泵电路的设计

介绍了作为高速锁相环电路集成芯片一部分的高速低功耗电荷泵电路的设计。所设计的锁相环路适应高频工作环境,电路结构采用当前的主流结构———D/A混合结构的电荷泵锁相环。环路中的鉴相器是数字鉴频鉴相器结构,没有反馈回路,提高了工作频率,并且缓解了传统鉴频鉴相器中死区的产生。电荷泵结构进行了一定的改进,既使电路结构简单,又削弱了MOS管带来的非理想特性,使得电荷注入、电荷分享、时钟脉冲馈通等寄生效应得到最大程度的减缓,同时保证高速、低功耗的电路性能。压控振荡器采用环路振荡器结构,易于集成而且功耗低。     

家用洗碗机能效要求比较分析

该文主要分析和介绍了世界主要发达国家／地区家用洗碗机强制性和自愿性能效要求,包括限值要求、计算和检测方法等,并对主要国家/地区的能效限值要求进行了比较分析,旨在帮助出口生产企业了解发达国家/地区在能效限值方面的要求,提高应对国外技术贸易壁垒的能力。     

基于MSP430的无线传感器节点动态功率管理研究

针对无线传感器网络节点低功耗设计问题,介绍无线传感器节点组成及其能耗,分析动态功率管理原理及其算法,研究混合自动控制并对其进行改进。改进的混合自动控制算法通过对环境变量的变化值划分来控制无线收发模块的收发频率,能减少收发次数,降低系统功耗。最后介绍了在MSP430,nRF905和SCA3000组成的无线加速度传感器系统中对倾斜角测量时改进的混合自动控制算法的应用。     

低功耗TFT-LCD驱动方法

为了降低薄膜晶体管液晶显示器(TFT-LCD)的功耗,提出了一种新的双栅之型反转驱动方法。研究了双栅之型反转驱动技术的节能原理,完成了相关结构设计、电路设计,制作了35.6cm(14in)WXGA(1 366RGB×768)样品,测试并分析了节能效果。结果表明,该技术可以有效降低TFT-LCD的功耗,在显示彩条画面的情况下,液晶屏模拟电源功耗降低了70%(191mW)。分析了出现的莫尔条纹问题,并提出了解决方案。该研究为降低TFT-LCD及其他显示设备的功耗提供了一种驱动方法及设计参考。     

江苏省城乡居民网络信息消费水平研究

江苏省网络信息消费在居民实现能力、消费渠道和消费类型上均呈现逐年递增的发展趋势。文章在分析大量统计数据的基础上,通过线性回归方法构建江苏省城乡信息消费函数,居民收入与信息消费的关系,分析江苏省城乡居民网络信息消费水平,为引导网络信息消费的健康发展提供可参考的理论依据和切实可行的措施与建议。     

某办公楼中央空调节能措施的经济效益分析

通过对具体工程实例分析和论述,得出中央空调的节能可以通过提高制冷主机冷凝器的换热效率来提高主机在常年运行时高效节能,并利用冷凝热回收技术来回收原来冷却塔带走的热量,这样既可得到免费热水,又可以减少冷却塔的排放热量,利用新风全热换热器来回收排风中的冷量,并通过空调自动控制系统,在中央空调各种不同工况时,进行优化控制,实现整个系统的节能运行,从而达到降低整个中央空调系统能耗的目的。     

Effects of toe stiffness on ankle kinetics in a robotic transtibial prosthesis during level-ground walking

Robotic transtibial prostheses are gaining popularity, as they significantly improve amputees’ locomotion. Existing studies mainly concentrate on the importance of ankle joints in these prostheses. However, there are few studies that focus on the effects of prosthetic toe joints. Different from human feet, most prosthetic feet are single-segment structures without toe joints. In order to develop more human-like prostheses with ankle and toe joints, it is of great importance to investigate the effects of toe stiffness on ankle kinetics, as it contributes to the design and control optimizations. In this paper, we analyze the effects of toe stiffness on ankle kinetics in a robotic transtibial prosthesis we have built recently. Dynamic models of the prosthesis’ ankle and toe joints are built. The imposed plantar pressures and objective joint angles of these models are obtained from locomotion experiments on able-bodied subjects. Simulation results indicate when the toe joint is fixed, the ankle energy consumption in one gait cycle is almost 1.2 times of that when the toe joint is driven to track the able-bodied toe motion. Experiments of the prosthesis prototype are carried out on an amputee subject with a transtibial amputation. The results show that compared with the fixed toe joint either the active toe joint or the passive toe joint can reduce the ankle output moment and power consumption. This means adding a toe joint to the foot can reduce the designing requirements of the ankle joint. In addition, the active toe joint can help the prosthesis perform more human-like behaviors compared with the passive toe joint. On the other hand, the passive toe joint can simplify the prosthesis structures and reduce the total weight compared with the active toe joint.     

一种基于C-RAN架构的LTE网络能效获取方法

提供了一种从单位流量能耗视角的LTE网络能效获取方法,弥补了现有技术不能对C-RAN架构下各网络子单元分别测算能效的不足。该方法包括收集流量清单和能耗清单,根据预设标记与过滤规则分别采集并上报无线网络中各网络子单元的实时流量和实时能耗。最后,根据流量清单、能耗清单以及预设时隙,获取各网络子单元和/或无线网络的能效。     

Sub-Femtojoule-Energy-Consumption Conformable Synaptic Transistors Based on Organic Single-Crystalline Nanoribbons

Inspired from powerful functionalities of human brain, artificial synapses are innovated continuously for the construction of brain-like neuromorphic electronics. The quest to rival the ultralow energy consumption of biological synapses has become highly compelling, but remains extremely difficult due to the lack of appropriate materials and device construction. In this study, organic single-crystalline nanoribbon active layer and elastic embedded photolithographic electrodes are first designed in synaptic transistors to reduce energy consumption of single device. The minimum energy consumption (0.29 fJ) of one synaptic event is far lower than that of biological synapse (10 fJ). Notably, sub-femtojoule-energy-consumption synaptic transistors can simulate various biological plastic behaviors even under different tensile and compressive strains, offering a new guidance for the construction of ultralow-energy-consuming neuromorphic electronic devices and the development of flexible artificial intelligence electronics in the future.