Adhesion potential of relining materials to polyamide and PMMA-based denture base materials: effect of surface conditioning methods

This study evaluated the bond strength of relining materials to different denture base materials polyamide and polymethylmethacrylate denture base materials after various surface conditioning methods. Denture base resin specimens (N?=?128; n?=?8 per group) (10?×?10?×?2.5?mm³) were fabricated out of injection-moulded thermoplastic polyamide resin (POL) (Deflex) and heat-polymerized polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA, Dura Dent) (HC). The specimens were randomly divided into 4 main groups according to different surface conditioning methods: (a) No conditioning, control (C), (b) grinding with green stone (G), (c) application of primer (V), (d) silica coating with Al₂O₃ particles coated with SiO₂ (Rocatec) (R). Half of the specimens in each group received auto-polymerized hard relining resin (GC, GC Reline Hard) and the other half PMMA based relining resin (SC, Dura Dent). After thermocycling (×5000), the bonded specimens were tested under tensile forces (0.5?mm/min). Data (MPa) were analyzed using Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests (alpha = 0.05). Bond strength of relining resins were significantly higher to PMMA than to POL, regardless of the conditioning method (p?<?0.05). While R positively affected the bond strength results (p?<?0.05) (4.99?±?1.65–3.27?±?1.31), application V or G did not show significant effect to POL-relining resin adhesion. After R conditioning, bond strength values were significantly higher in HC-GC group (7.48?±?2.32) than POL-GC group (3.27?±?1.31) (p?<?0.05). Adhesion of auto-polymerized relining materials to thermoplastic polyamide or polymethylmethacrylate denture resins could be improved after surface conditioning with silica-coating.     

Antimicrobial Activity of Ozone against Pathogenic Oral Microorganisms on Different Denture Base Resins

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of gaseous ozone against specific oral pathogens on denture base resins. 1080 round samples were prepared (10mm-diameter, 2mm-thickness). Candida albicans, Streptococcus mutans, Streptococcus gordonii, and Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, polyamide-Deflex, heat-cured polymethyl-methacrylate (PMMA)-QC-20, and cold-cured-PMMA-Meliodent. The doses and durations: 25, 50 and 100µg/ml, 5, 10, 20, 30 minutes. For Cell viability (CV) MTT was used. 100µg/ml was most effective dose for C. albicans, S .gordonii, and A. actinomycetemcomitans were in heat-cured-PMMA and polyamide for S.mutans. For polyamide, lowest CV was 43% in S.mutans and A.actinomycetemcomitans. CV of heat-cure and cold-cure PMMA were 31% and 32% in S.gordonii, respectively. CV was similar for all resins and durations in S.mutans and A.actinomycetemcomitans and for polyamide for C.albicans and for heat-cure PMMA for S.gordonii. 30-min ozone application killed 80% of all microorganisms in all resins except for C.albicans in polyamide (65% cell death) and cold-cure PMMA (57% cell death). Optimal dose/duration combination was 100 µg/ml-10 min. Gaseous ozone can be considered as an effective cleansing agent for denture base resins.     

纳米载银磷酸锆的有机改性及其对3D打印的义齿基托复合材料性能的影响

以γ甲基丙烯酰氧基丙基三甲氧基硅烷偶联剂(MPS)对纳米载银磷酸锆(6S-NP3)进行表面改性,再通过溶液聚合在其表面接枝甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA),得到有机改性纳米载银磷酸锆(P-6S-NP3)。将P-6S-NP3与义齿基托树脂混合,通过3D打印制备了义齿基托复合材料。使用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪(FT-IR)和扫描电镜(SEM)对改性前后6S-NP3的结构和形貌进行了表征,考察了6S-NP3和P-6S-NP3在义齿基托复合材料中的分散情况,测试了改性前后6S-NP3的水接触角、粒径分布,以及义齿基托复合材料的机械性能和抑菌性能。结果表明,MPS和MMA已成功接枝到6S-NP3表面,改性后的6S-NP3平均粒径降低,疏水性增强,在义齿基托复合材料中的分散性更好。采用P-6S-NP3制备的义齿基托复合材料的机械性能与对大肠杆菌和金黄色葡萄球菌的抑菌效果明显提高。     

Ce-Y(Ca)-TZP陶瓷及Ce-TZP/Al2O3复相陶瓷的研究与应用进展

氧化铈稳定的四方氧化锆多晶陶瓷(Ce-TZP)具有良好的抗低温老化性和很高的断裂韧性(K_IC>20 MPa·m^1/2),但是弯曲强度较低(500 MPa左右)。如何在保留Ce-TZP陶瓷的抗低温老化性和高断裂韧性的同时,提高其强度,是本领域研究人员共同关心的问题。大量研究表明,通过添加其他固溶离子(如Y³⁺)达到共稳定效果和引入第二相(如Al₂O₃)获得细晶Ce-TZP基的复相陶瓷,可以显著提高材料的断裂强度,综合改善其力学性能。本文对CeO₂与其他氧化物共稳定的ZrO₂陶瓷及Ce-TZP/Al₂O₃复相陶瓷的研究进展进行了综述,并以义齿种植和增材制造为例介绍了其应用现状。     

Zirconia ceramic fixed partial dentures after cyclic fatigue tests and clinical evaluation: a systematic review

ABSTRACT

Zirconia fixed prosthetic dentures are extensively used for replacing missing teeth. The primary objective of this systematic review was to gather and present the results of all in vitro studies and clinical trials conducted on zirconia fixed prosthetic dentures. This review concentrated exclusively on bilayered zirconia and monolithic fixed prosthetic dentures. As such this paper can act as a guideline for more comparable future experimental work on zirconia ceramics. Future studies must use a more systematic approach such as the uniform use of abutment material, material for simulating periodontal support, data about fracture strength before and after fatigue, number of cycles, information about position and size of the indenter. The new digital techniques with long-term follow-up are desirable in further clinical studies.     

Mechanical Properties of the Modified Denture Base Materials and Polymerization Methods: A Systematic Review

Amidst growing technological advancements, newer denture base materials and polymerization methods have been introduced. During fabrication, certain mechanical properties are vital for the clinical longevity of the denture base. This systematic review aimed to explore the effect of newer denture base materials and/or polymerization methods on the mechanical properties of the denture base. An electronic database search of English peer-reviewed published papers was conducted using related keywords from 1 January 2011, up until 31 December 2021. This systematic review was based on guidelines proposed by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). The search identified 579 papers. However, the inclusion criteria recognized 22 papers for eligibility. The risk of bias was moderate in all studies except in two where it was observed as low. Heat cure polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) and compression moulding using a water bath is still a widely used base material and polymerization technique, respectively. However, chemically modified PMMA using monomers, oligomers, copolymers and cross-linking agents may have a promising result. Although chemically modified PMMA resin might enhance the mechanical properties of denture base material, no clear inferences can be drawn about the superiority of any polymerization method other than the conventional compression moulding technique.     

氧化锆义齿铣削工艺参数优化及其加工实验

为合理选择初次烧结氧化锆陶瓷义齿在铣削加工时的工艺参数以及加工路径规划方式,以提高加工效率及质量,建立以提高材料去除率和降低表面粗糙度为目标的函数,采用理想点法、最小偏差法和线性组合法,优化出精加工阶段的工艺参数;以磨牙冠表面加工为例,采用UG CAM系统规划刀具加工路径,粗加工采用型腔铣,精加工分别采用固定轴铣中的曲面铣削往复模式、区域铣削跟随周边模式及区域铣削往复模式3种规划方法.实际加工结果对比表明:在相同工艺参数及刀具条件下,区域铣削往复模式规划方法加工得到的牙冠表面质量最好.     

An intelligent dental robot

An intelligent dental robot (IDR) is reported for the purpose of artificial denture verification and test. Methods: The IDR is composed of power system, intelligent control and driving system, sensor system and supporting system. Five Maxon motors are adopted to provide the driving force for the IDR. Novel motor linear actuators are developed to mimic the movement of human’s masticatory muscles. Forward and inverse kinematics of the IDR are analyzed. Seven high-precision pressure sensors are utilized to detect the force on individual artificial tooth. Results: Motion and force experiments are conducted on the IDR. The maximum biting force provided by the IDR is 490?N. Hysteresis rate of the biting force loading and unloading is less than 3%. The largest displacement for the mandible movement test is found to be 60, 9 and 22?mm in the vertical, protrusive and lateral directions, respectively. Conclusion: IDR can complete simulated human masticatory movement and provide sufficient biting force. Significance: The IDR provides clinical guidance for the design and performance test of artificial denture.     

义齿树脂基托表面有机-无机杂化膜的制备与研究

本研究设计合成应用于义齿树脂基托表面的有机-无机杂化膜.由缩水甘油醚基丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH560)和正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)共水解缩合制得杂化硅溶胶;由甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)、丙烯酸(AA)和甲基丙烯酸甲酯(MMA)三种单体共聚制得聚合物.两者利用KH560和GMA中的环氧基团进行交联,形成具有互穿网络结构的杂化膜.对膜层的硬度、附着性及抗破裂性等进行表征,并对覆膜后的基托树脂的光泽度、吸水性及溶解性进行测试.实验结果表明,杂化膜不仅具有良好的力学性能,而且提高了基托树脂的光泽度,降低了基托树脂的吸水性和溶解性,最终会提高基托综合性能.     

两种不同固位体设计的可摘局部义齿对牙槽骨的应力研究

用三维光弹性应力分析方法，对Ｔｈｏｍｐｓｏｎ半精密附着体固位与ＲＰＩ卡环固位下颌双侧游离端可摘局部义齿在牙槽骨内的应力分布进行了研究。同时，比较了两种不同固位方法的牙槽骨内的应力分布规律。获得了基牙根尖应力。