量子Klein-Gordon模型色散关系的含时变分法研究

通过采用含时变分原理,在结合Hartree型多粒子试探波函数和Jackiw-Kerman型单粒子波函数的基础上,研究了带对称单阱非谐格点势的量子Klein-Gordon模型的声子色散关系.在满足最小测不准关系的条件下,导出了粒子的期望值所满足的运动方程,并以此得到了声子色散关系.结果表明:与经典模型相比,由于量子涨落的影响,量子模型中的有效格点势的二次方项系数增大,声子元激发的带隙变宽;二次方项系数和带隙随着量子涨落和格点势的四次方项系数的增大而增大.     

光源谱宽通过光纤色散对AOCS输出的影响

基于光纤色散引起的脉冲展宽效应,在理论和实验上研究了有源光学电流传感器（AOCS）中宽带光源对系统输出的影响．理论结果表明：对于长度为500m的光纤,当光源谱宽在40—60nm之间变化时,多模光纤传输下的脉冲展宽范围在0．5～0．8ns,单模光纤传输下的脉冲展宽范围在2×10^-5～4×10^-5,信号衰减量对系统输出影响很小,且随光源谱宽的增加而有微弱的增加,实验与理论相符合．     

Improved Computational Model of Grid Cells Based on Column Structure

To simulate the firing pattern of biological grid cells, this paper presents an improved computational model of grid cells based on column structure. In this model, the displacement along different directions is processed by modulus operation, and the obtained remainder is associated with firing rate of grid cell. Compared with the original model, the improved parts include that: the base of modulus operation is changed, and the firing rate in firing field is encoded by Gaussian-like function. Simulation validates that the firing pattern generated by the improved computational model is more consistent with biological characteristic than original model. Besides, the firing pattern is badly influenced by the cumulative positioning error, but the computational model can also generate the regularly hexagonal firing pattern when the real-time positioning results are modified.     

The high-temperature oxidation of Ni-20%Cr alloys containing various oxide dispersions

The oxidation behavior of Ni-20%Cr alloys containing approximately 3 vol.% Y₂O₃, ThO₂, and A1₂O₃ as dispersed particles has been examined in the temperature range 900 to 1200° C in slowly flowing oxygen at 100 Torr. The results show that the oxidation behavior of the Y₂O₃-, ThO₂-, Al₂O₃-, and Ce0₂-containing alloys is very similar and that some anomalies in the behavior of the ThO₂-containing alloy might be explained by the slower rate of chromium diffusion in this coarse-grained alloy. Two Al₂O₃-containing alloys were studied. One with a relatively coarse dispersoid size behaved in a manner analogous to a dispersion-free Ni-30% Cr alloy at 1100°C. The other alloy contained a dispersion of fine Al₂O₃ particles and behaved exactly like the Y₂O₃-containing alloy at 1000 and 1100°C, but at 1200° C oxidized at a faster rate. It has been shown that the adherent scales on dispersion-containing alloys have a stabilized fine grain size, whereas the nonadherent scales on dispersion-free alloys undergo grain growth.This work has been supported by the Naval Air Systems Command under Contract No. N00019-72-C-0190.     

The impact of global dispersion on coordination,team performance and software quality – A systematic literature review

ContextGlobal software development (GSD) contains different context setting dimensions, which are essential for effective teamwork and success of projects. Although considerable research effort has been made in this area, as yet, no agreement has been reached about the impact of these dispersion dimensions on team coordination and project outcomes.ObjectiveThis paper summarizes empirical evidence on the impact of global dispersion dimensions on coordination, team performance and project outcomes.MethodWe performed a systematic literature review of 46 publications from 25 journals and 19 conference and workshop proceedings, which were published between 2001 and 2013. Thematic analysis was used to identify global dimensions and their measures. Vote counting was used to decide on the impact trends of dispersion dimensions on team performance and software quality.ResultsGlobal dispersion dimensions are consistently conceptualized, but quantified in many different ways. Different dispersion dimensions are associated with a distinct set of coordination challenges. Overall, geographical dispersion tends to have a negative impact on team performance and software quality. Temporal dispersion tends to have a negative impact on software quality, but its impact on team performance is inconsistent and can be explained by type of performance.ConclusionFor researchers, we reveal several opportunities for future research, such as coordination challenges in inter-organizational software projects, impact of processes and practices mismatches on project outcomes, evolution of coordination needs and mechanism over time and impact of dispersion dimensions on open source project outcomes. For practitioners, they should consider the tradeoff between cost and benefits while dispersing tasks, alignment impact of dispersion dimensions with individual and organizational objectives, coordination mechanisms as situational approaches and collocation of development activities of high quality demand components in GSD projects.     

一种基于群组判断离差的偏好集结方法

针对群决策偏好集结中违反Pareto 最优性的情况, 设计一种基于群组判断几何离差的同质性集结方法. 该方法在集结前进行几何离差测试, 以确定个体决策信息的离差水平. 离差较小时, 可基于几何平均集结; 对于离差较大且修正复杂度较高的决策信息, 采用主成分分析(PCA) 从高维决策信息中提取大多数相关信息, 在不依赖主观分析的情况下进行加权集结. 仿真实验表明, 所提出的方法能够在不违背Pareto 最优性的基础上集结离差较大的群决策信息.

     

定长槽单向弥散方程的理论解及其应用

论文导出了定长槽的单向弥散方程解。解包含槽下游封闭和开敞并伴有流速的两种条件。根据定长槽和半无限长槽单向弥散方程解的比较结果,只要弥散系数D和流速u相等,且弥散前锋尚未到达定长槽下游边界以前,那么两者相对浓度C/C0的分布相同。据此,可取定长槽进行试验,而用相应于半无限长的简单公式计算分析。     

超临界直流锅炉冷态空气动力场研究

针对四角切圆锅炉水平烟道上普遍存在烟温偏差的情况,在河北国华定洲发电厂新建锅炉开展了冷态空气动力场试验,重点研究炉膛出口烟气流速分布情况。试验证明,通过调整分离燃尽风（SOFA）喷嘴的角度,能有效改变炉膛出口气流的分布,保证左、右烟气流速均匀,可满足锅炉正常运行的要求。     

求解弹头散布均匀度的分布估计算法

未来空域窗射击体制是一种新型的高炮射击体制, 这种射击体制对近程防空反导具有显著的效果. 在对未来空域窗进行设计和评价时, 必须计算未来空域窗内弹头散布的均匀度, 并要求算法具有全局收敛以及解的精度高. 文章描述了未来空域窗弹头散布均匀度的问题, 提出了一种求解弹头散布均匀度的分布估计算法; 然后, 提出了一种变焦算法用来提高算法的搜索效率和解的精度, 并给出了混合算法的流程图. 仿真结果表明, 混合算法具有全局收敛、解的精度高以及搜索效率高的优点, 适合于在实际工程中用来求解弹头散布均匀度.