基于Elman神经网络的燃气轮机功率预测方法研究

预测燃气轮机未来的功率变化趋势对故障预测非常重要。针对燃气轮机故障预测的问题,提出了一种基于Elman神经网络的功率预测方法。以某电厂燃气轮机的实际数据为例,选取与功率变化最相关的属性。通过对比实验,采取合适的预处理方法,确定神经网络模型的输入,设置合适的隐含层神经元个数,从而建立了基于Elman神经网络的燃气轮机功率预测模型。最后通过与反向传播(back propagation,BP)网络、径向基函数(radial basis function,RBF)网络进行比较,验证了该方法的有效性。     

Measurement of intrinsic rates for homogeneous gas‐phase reactions at high temperatures

A coiled quartz tubular reactor has been designed to measure the intrinsic reaction kinetics for homogeneous reactions at high temperatures up to 1100°C. Actual gas residence times were less than 100 ms. A simple and well‐studied test reaction (i.e., the decomposition of nitrous oxide, N₂O), with published intrinsic kinetics, was used to verify the operation of the experimental reactor. For this system, Peclet numbers (Pe = uL/DL) computed from experimental conversion data were greater than 1000, indicating that the plug flow assumption could be used with this reactor system to determine intrinsic rate expressions with errors of less than 5% for the conditions studied.     

Prediction of carbon dioxide gas hydrate formation conditions in aqueous electrolyte solutions

A methodology for predicting the incipient equilibrium conditions for carbon dioxide gas hydrates in the presence of electrolytes such as NaCl, KCl and CaCl₂ is presented. The method utilizes the statistical thermodynamics model of van der Waals and Platteeuw (1959) to describe the solid hydrate phase. Three different models were examined for the representation of the liquid phase: Chen and Evans (1986), Zuo and Guo (1991), and Aasberg-Petersen et al. (1991). It was found that the model of Zuo and Guo (1991) gave the best results for predicting incipient CO₂ gas hydrate conditions in aqueous single salt solutions. The model was then extended for prediction of CO₂ gas hydrates in mixed salts solutions. The predictions agree very well with experimental data.     

水平矩形管内气液两相流界面波特性

<正>气液两相流中界面波的存在对传热、传质、阻力特性及稳定性都有很大影响。前人有关界面波的研究大多偏重于两相流中界面波的类型及其转变,而对其特征参数变化规律(如振幅、波长、频率和速度等)的研究则很少。但界面波对气液两相流流动阻力和流动结构影响机理的深入研究必须以了解界面波的各特性参数为前提,同时界面波有关特性参数的深入研究也可为气液两相流的数学理论化提供实验基础。 本文以气、水为工质,系统研究了水平矩形管内气液两相流的界面波特性。根据界面波在时域、幅域内的不同特征区别出了各种类型的波并给出了相应的波形和流型图。着重研究了界面波各特征量随气液两相流量变化的变化规律。     

钯－银合金膜分离氢气的研究

采用厚为５０μｍ的Ｐｄ／Ａｇ（２３）合金膜进行了氢气渗透系数的测定和Ｈ＿２／Ｎ＿２混和气分离的研究，得出温度、压力、膜厚、进料气流量、膜的预处理和再活化及膜表面中毒等因素对氢气渗透的影响。分离Ｈ＿２／Ｎ＿２混和气可获得高纯氢气。     

Promotion of hydrogen permeation on metal-dispersed alumina membranes and its application to a membrane reactor for methane steam reforming

A mesoporous membrane for selective separation of hydrogen was prepared usingthe sol-gel method. Some metal salts such as RuCl₃, Pd(NH₃)₄Cl₂, RhCl₃,, and H ₂PtCl₆, were added to the boehmite sol and coated on a porous alumina substrate before firing at 500°C. It was foundthat the permeability of hydrogen and the separation factor for a hydrogen-nitrogen gaseous mixture of these metaldispersed membranes exceeded the limitations of the Knudsen diffusion mechanism. Although the gas permeation through a neat alumina membrane is governed by the Knudsen diffusion, the metals dispersed in alumina membranes were effective in promoting hydrogen permeation. These metaldispersed alumina membranes were also used in a membrane reactor for methane steam reforming at low temperature. In the temperature range of 300 to 500°C, the membrane reactor attained a methane conversion twice as high as the equilibrium value of the packed bed catalytic reactor system as a result of the selective removal of hydrogen from the reaction system.     

超临界气体在聚合物加工中的应用

介绍了超临界气体的性质，以及近年来超临界CO2在聚合物加工中的应用，并对此技术住聚合物加工中存在的问题和未来的发展前景进行了总结和展望。     

用新型碳分子筛分析永久气体

本文介绍一种新型气相色谱固定相——碳分子筛(KMS),其最大的优点是在常温下,单柱即可同时分离分析H_2、O_2、N_2、CO、CH_4、CO_2六种混合气体,柱子的保留值重现性好,峰形对称,柱效高。本文求得了在H_2和Ar作载气时KMS对上述六种气体的定性定量特性,配气的定量结果总的平均相对误差为3.67％。同时这种碳分子筛原料易得,制作简单,成本便宜。     

复合塔板的流体力学特性(Ⅱ) 操作变量和液体物性对塔板流体力学特性的影响

在前文工作的基础上进一步研究了同时具备大孔径和高开孔率条件的复合塔板 ,研究了操作变量和流体的物理性质对该复合塔板流体力学性能的影响 .结果表明 :液体的密度增加 ,塔板压降增加 ,漏液量增加 ;黏度增加 ,塔板压降降低 ;表面张力减小 ,漏液点速度上升 ,雾沫夹带增大 ,液泛速度下降.     

气相色谱法测定辛－氰乳油

本文报道一个简单快速测定辛－氰乳油中辛硫磷和氰戊菊酯的分析方法。用ＳＱ－２０６气相色谱仪，ＦＩＤ检测器，色谱柱为０．５ｍ×３ｍｍ不锈钢柱，５％ＯＶ－１０１／Ｃｈｒｏｍ．Ｇ．Ｈ．Ｐ．８０～１００目。在适当条件下进行定量分析。该方法简单、快速，结果可靠，回收率为９６．２～１０１．７％，变异系数为０．９３～２．１０％。