Synthesis of antenna arrays with an efficient multiobjective differential evolution algorithm

An efficient multiobjective differential evolution algorithm for array synthesis is proposed in this article. By introducing novel strategies in the generalized differential evolution (GDE3), the proposed algorithm can generate a better converged and distributed Pareto front than the standard GDE3. Five typical benchmark functions are optimized by the proposed improved GDE3 (IGDE) to verify its effectiveness. Furthermore, the proposed algorithm is applied in two‐pattern synthesis problems, including an unequal spaced linear array and a conformal array. The superior performance of the proposed IGDE demonstrates that it is an efficient and competitive algorithm in the function optimization, pattern synthesis, and other electromagnetic problems. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Int J RF and Microwave CAE 24:161–169, 2014.     

Preparation of phenolic resin derived 3-D ordered macroporous carbon

Three-dimensionally ordered long-range macroporous carbon structures were prepared using commercially available phenolic resin by utilizing sacrificial colloidal silica crystalline arrays as templates that were subsequently removed by HF etching after pyrolysis in an argon atmosphere. SEM, TEM, and BET were employed to characterize the morphology and the surface area of the porous carbon structures. The pore size (150–1000 nm) and BET surface area, which reflect pore volume (298.6 m²/g (1.32 cm³/g) ∼ 93.7 m²/g (0.12 cm³/g)), of the macroporous carbon structures produced were approximately proportional to the size (150–1000 nm) of the sacrificial silica sphere templates used (annealing temp. 550°C). The achieved 550 nm porous carbon structures were examined to function as potential catalyst carriers and were successfully impregnated with Ag or Pt-Ru on their inner walls after borohydride reduction at room temperature. In addition, porous carbon patterns were fabricated using the ‘micromolding in capillary’ technique, which has potential applications in the microreaction technology.     

压缩感知算法在阵列测向中的相干信号分辨

现有算法在进行信号重建时,需要原始信号的稀疏信息来控制初始原子集的大小和算法迭代的最大次数,这削弱了重建精度,增加了计算复杂度,限制了其实际应用能力。为了克服这个问题,提出了基于正交匹配追踪算法的改进算法。该算法将阵元个数作为假设稀疏度,在稀疏度未知的初始阶段扩展初始原子集。最后通过对测量信号的幅度进行阈值过滤以实现信号的分辨和信源数的估计。为解决测向人员面对监测软件所指示的多个信号示向度中,无法分辨哪些指示方向是同一个信号源所产生的折反射信号的问题,首次提出了基于压缩感知算法的相干关系分析和相干信号分辨的模型。实测数据结果表明,该算法在不同环境下可以清晰分辨相干信号,并且能够适应多种实验平台。     

微震定位系统中拾震器布阵研究

对微震监测中拾震器阵列进行科学有效的布置是保证微震定位系统能有效运行的一个关键条件,设计了4种拾震器阵列布设方案,使煤矿中微震定位监测系统运行得更加科学有效.首先建立复杂地质模型,利用微变网格射线追踪正演模拟出微震源起震到拾震器阵列接收信号的过程,然后在施加随机扰动的情况下,利用粒子群-神经网络算法(PSO-BP)反演推算出震源位置,最后通过震源位置的误差来分析各个布阵方案的特点,同时分析了阵列中拾震器数量的合理值.研究结果表明,在微震监测系统中拾震器利用率最高的情况下,可以给出准确、合理、有效的拾震器布阵方案.     

基于空心微针阵列的连续监测葡萄糖传感器

研制了一种基于空心微针阵列并可微痛刺入皮下实时连续监测人体血糖浓度的葡萄糖传感器.微针阵列由等间距的三根微针组成,分别作为工作电极、辅助电极和参比电极,其中工作电极与辅助电极采用表面溅射了Ti/Pt的空心不锈钢微针来制作,采用戊二醛-牛血清白蛋白交联法将葡萄糖氧化酶固定并仅置于作为工作电极的针尖通孔处;参比电极采用Ag/AgCl实心微针制作.测试结果表明:葡萄糖浓度在0～21 mmol·L-1范围内传感器输出电流为线性,灵敏度为0.575 μA/(mmol·L-1),响应时间为16s,且具有很好的抗干扰性.     

独立光伏系统中超级电容充电控制策略研究

针对应用在独立光伏系统中的超级电容模组,提出采用Buck变换器对其进行充电,在充电过程中,进行过压保护,未达到额定电压时采用扰动观察法对光伏阵列进行最大功率点跟踪（MPPT）控制,仿真结果表明了充电过程中能跟踪光伏阵列的最大功率点,且具有过压保护功能。     

基于阵列扩展的宽带DOA估计算法

导向矢量的频率不一致性不利于宽带信号的DOA估计。为此,首先提出宽带直接空间谱估计算法,但是其限制条件过于苛刻;然后利用宽带信号的时延性质对阵列进行扩展,提出一种新的宽带DOA估计算法,新算法不需要DOA预估计;最后分析了梳妆谱和连续谱两种情形下如何使用新算法的问题。仿真实验结果表明,在信噪比较高的条件下,与传统算法相比,新算法的估计成功率更高,估计误差更小。     

同振式三轴向矢量水听器设计与实现

根据实际工程需要,设计、制作同振式三轴向矢量水听器,其外形为柱体两端带半球帽的圆柱体,声压通道和矢量通道在结构上结合为一体。矢量水听器外形尺寸为Φ54×72 mm、工作频带为20 Hz~2000 Hz。在国防科技工业水声一级计量站驻波管对研制的矢量水听器进行了测试,测试结果表明：声压通道声压灵敏度级为-192.7 dB（0 dB=1 V/mPa）、具有全指向性;矢量通道声压灵敏度级为-185.3 dB（测试频率500 Hz,0 dB=1 V/mPa）、具有余弦指向性。设计、制作的矢量水听器灵敏度高、通道一致性好、使用方便,满足工程应用需求。     

Evolutionary circuit design for fast FPGA-based classification of network application protocols

The evolutionary design can produce fast and efficient implementations of digital circuits. It is shown in this paper how evolved circuits, optimized for the latency and area, can increase the throughput of a manually designed classifier of application protocols. The classifier is intended for high speed networks operating at 100 Gbps. Because a very low latency is the main design constraint, the classifier is constructed as a combinational circuit in a field programmable gate array (FPGA). The classification is performed using the first packet carrying the application payload. The improvements in latency (and area) obtained by Cartesian genetic programming are validated using a professional FPGA design tool. The quality of classification is evaluated by means of real network data. All results are compared with commonly used classifiers based on regular expressions describing application protocols.     

人机交互中的声源定位与增强方法

基于人机交互的实际应用场景,提出了一种交互目标声源三维定位与语音增强算法。该算法首先在广义相关法的基础上提出一种声达时延差的估计方法,通过由6个麦克风构成的平行均匀线阵接收模型,实现对目标声源的三维定位;然后在交互目标声源定位的基础上,通过调整时延波束叠加的权值,实现对目标语音的增强。仿真实验结果表明,文中提出的算法能够准确定位目标声源并对目标语音进行有效增强。在信噪比大于1.5 dB 的环境中,该算法可使目标声源达到98%以上定位精度,5 dB 以上信噪比改善,同时算法运算量小且易于硬件实现。