煤矿物联网的设计与应用分析

介绍了煤矿物联网感知层、网络层和应用层的设计方案;指出煤矿物联网建设过程中的关键技术为物联网标志体系、综合通信基站、井下分布式传感技术、异构网络的互联互通,并提出了相应的解决方案;分析了煤矿物联网在安全生产和管理、综合多媒体通信、矿用设备和物资监管等方面的具体应用。     

基于ADXL345的提升机容器姿态感知系统设计

为实时监测提升机容器垂直姿态,确保提升机容器发生倾斜时能够及时预警,设计了基于ADXL345的提升机容器姿态感知系统。该系统通过实时监测提升机容器与垂直方向的倾角值判断提升机容器当前的姿态,并将倾角值与报警阈值进行对比,如超出报警阈值则报警,且可通过RS485将报警信息上传至提升机监控中心,实现预警操作。     

Groundwater impact of open cut coal mine and an assessment methodology: A case study in NSW

Large scale open cut coal mining operations have significant impacts to groundwater in surrounding areas in both active and post-mining phases. The prediction of water inflows into a surface mine excavation is one of the many components involved in mine design phase. Groundwater performance also reacts to mining activities from the operational, economic and safety implications perspective. Under NSW planning legislation, as part of the comprehensive risk assessment, a groundwater impact assessment has to be conducted for a coal project to predict and mitigate the impacts in consideration of the government requirements. In this paper, the groundwater assessment modelling of mine pits was discussed in predicting of groundwater inflows and reviewing analytical and numerical approaches. A methodology of groundwater impact assessment for an open cut mine in NSW with a three-dimensional groundwater flow model Modflow Surfact demonstrated its functions in simulating the project's impacts on the groundwater regime. The key findings with mitigations are discussed and recommended in the paper to reduce impacts on groundwater and fulfil regulation requirements in NSW.     

侏罗系煤层顶板涌水量动态变化及其形成机制分析

以鄂尔多斯盆地北部的泊江海子煤矿113106工作面为研究点,建立了顶板砂岩含水层的水文地质概念模型和模拟模型,利用井下试验数据对模型进行识别和验证,获得了研究区砂岩含水层水文参数,结合工作面推进过程,按块段预测涌水量。结果发现:由切眼向工作面收作线方向,其涌水量异常增大,综合褶皱、古地貌、沉积相变分析其形成机制,为泊江海子矿下一步一盘区顶板砂岩水科学疏放与防治提供了重要依据。     

Stability analysis of the sliding process of the west slope in Buzhaoba Open-Pit Mine

To study the stability of the west slope in Buzhaoba Open-Pit Mine and determine the aging stability coefficient during slide mass development, the deformation band of the west slope and the slide mass structure of the 34,600 profile are obtained on the basis of hydrology, geology, and monitoring data.The residual thrust method is utilized to calculate the stability coefficients, which are 1.225 and 1.00 under sound and transfixion conditions, respectively. According to the rock damage and fragmentation and the principle of mechanical parameter degradation, the mechanical models of the slide mass development of the hard and soft rock slopes are established. An integrated model for calculating the slope stability coefficient is built considering water, vibration, and other external factors that pertain to the structural plane damage mechanism and the generating mechanism of the sliding mass. The change curve of the stability coefficient in the slide mass development is obtained from the relevant analyses,and afterwards, the stability control measures are proposed. The analysis results indicate that in the cracking stage of the hard rock, the slope stability coefficient decreases linearly with the increase in the length Lbof the hard rock crack zone. The linear slope is positively correlated to rock cohesion c. In the transfixion stage of the soft rock, the decrease speed of the stability coefficient is positively correlated to the residual strength of the soft rock. When the slope is stable, the stability coefficient is in a quadratic-linear relationship with the decreased height Dh of the side slope and in a linear relationship with anchoring force P.     

A comparative study of dust control practices in Chinese and Australian longwall coal mines

Mine dust is one of the main hazards in underground longwall mines worldwide.In order to solve the mine dust problem,a significant number of studies have been carried out regarding longwall mine dust control,both in China and Australia.This paper presents a comparative study of dust control practices in Chinese and Australian longwall mines,with particular references to statutory limits,dust monitoring methods and dust management practices,followed by a brief discussion on the research status of longwall mine dust control in both countries.The study shows that water infusion,face ventilation controls,water sprays,and deep and wet cutting in longwall shearer operations are commonly practiced in almost all underground longwall mines and that both Chinese and Australian longwall mine dust control practices have their own advantages and disadvantages.It is concluded that there is a need for further development and innovative design of more effective dust mitigation products or systems despite the development of various dust control technologies.Based on the examinations and discussions,the authors have made some recommendations for further research and development in dust control in longwall mines.It is hoped that this comparative study will provide beneficial guidance for scholars and engineers who are engaging in longwall mine dust control research and practice.     

面向矿井突水避险的双向搜索多最优路径算法

为节省煤矿水灾状况下的逃生时间,提高应急救援效率,在传统的Dijkstra算法基础上提出一种基于双向搜索的K则最短路径算法.首先综合考虑煤矿特殊巷道分布,提出井巷长度当量权值,然后利用灰色理论模型预测特定时间段内每条巷道的人流量,进而根据人流量对行走速度的影响关系式得到每条巷道的通行时间值,最终通过双方搜索策略改进算法,实现事故点到逃生井口的多条最佳逃生路线.根据井下巷道拓扑结构提取构建一个无向带权网络图,在MATLAB环境下利用上述优化算法进行仿真验证.结果显示,该改进算法具有更好的准确率和实用性.     

邢东矿隐蔽致灾因素研究

以邢东矿为例,根据矿井的实际情况,通过对采空区范围、地质构造、含水性和瓦斯富集区等煤矿生产过程中可能涉及到的隐蔽致灾因素的分析研究,并针对不同隐蔽致灾因素对安全生产的影响程度,采取切实可行的综合治理措施,最大限度地消除隐蔽致灾因素对矿井安全的影响,提升煤矿安全保障能力。     

铝硅比对白云鄂博铁精矿烧结液相流动性的影响

运用红外线微型烧结法对白云鄂博铁精矿烧结液相流动特性进行研究。通过在烧结原料中添加纯化学试剂研究不同Al2O3与SiO2含量之比对烧结液相流动性的影响。结果表明,Al2O3含量的增加虽然促进了烧结液相量的增多,但同时提高了液相的粘度,随着铝硅比的增加烧结试样的液相流动性降低。通过对试样气孔大小的对比,揭示了烧结过程中气孔形成与烧结矿液相流动特性的关系,粘度是控制气孔形成的重要因素。气孔的形成过程伴随着液相在气孔壁上的物理化学反应,气孔直径减小使烧结试样液相流动性变差。     

白龙山煤矿一井防突和瓦斯治理工程方案研究

白龙山煤矿一井为国家核准和设计批复在建的大型矿井,按煤与瓦斯突出矿井设计,在建设期间,发生多次煤与瓦斯突出事故。为更有效地预防建设期间的煤与瓦斯突出事故发生,通过事故分析,提出以调整开拓采掘系统部署为基础,系统改善矿井建设安全条件,以强化瓦斯抽采为根本,依托成熟先进的装备和技术,研究和制定适合煤矿赋存条件的防突和瓦斯治理工程方案。