On the Way to Assess Emotions in Animals: Do Lambs (Ovis aries) Evaluate an Event Through Its Suddenness, Novelty, or Unpredictability?

Appraisal theories provide a framework that gives insight into emotions and could allow comparisons across species. According to these theories, events are first evaluated on their suddenness, novelty, and unpredictability. The authors examined the ability of lambs (Ovis aries) to evaluate an event according to these 3 criteria through 3 tests. The lambs responded to suddenness with a startle response coupled with an increase in heart rate and to novelty with an orientation response coupled with an increase of vagal activity. There was no clear evidence that lambs can detect the predictability of an event. Those results support the usefulness of appraisal theories to assess emotion in animals. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2010 APA, all rights reserved)     

无纵向电场分量离子波纹激光的小信号增益

在离子波纹摆动器中，改变电子束的入射方向，保证了离子波纹场的纵向分量为零，从而消除了纵向电场对离子波纹激光的不利影响。给出了束电子的运动轨迹，运用Madey定理计算了小振幅条件下该离子波纹激光的小信号增益。     

多分量波场的矢量法叠前深度偏移技术

本文研究了二维各向同性介质中两分量记录的矢量法叠前深度偏移方法———叠前逆时深度偏移方法。首先从弹性波波动方程出发,在交错网格空间中推导了各向同性介质中弹性波逆时延拓的高阶有限差分格式;然后从程函方程出发,采用逆时差分格式求解地下各点的地震波走时。为确保算法满足地震波传播的因果性条件及其对复杂模型的适应性,用扩展波阵面算法追踪波前并搜索全局极小,以上述方法的计算结果作为弹性波逆时偏移的成像条件,实现二维多分量资料的叠前逆时深度偏移。模型试算和实际单炮记录试验表明,叠前逆时深度偏移方法考虑了地震波的矢量特征,是一种有效的矢量波场处理技术。     

基于多抽样率信号处理的无源雷达MTD方法

以数字电视信号为机会照射源的雷达系统研究为背景 ,提出用以多抽样率信号处理为基础的多级抽取信号处理算法解决运动目标检测中海量数据处理问题。文中叙述了数字电视广播信号回波的数学模型、多级抽取基本原理、目标检测算法 ,以数字电视信号为反射回波做了仿真 ,对运动目标进行检测 ,并对仿真结果做了分析。     

Study on the Complexity of the Bullwhip Effect

Recent years have witnessed a rapid growth of interest in the study of the dynamic behavior of replenishment rules of bullwhip effect. We prove that bullwhip effect and butterfly effect share a same the self-oscillation amplifying mechanism that is the ordering decisions the supplier self-oscillation amplify the perturbations brought by the errors in the processing of retailers' demand information. This results as an explicit self-similar structure of the sensitivity of the system to the initial values duty to the nonlinear mechanism. In this paper, the causes process of the bullwhip effect is described as the internal nonlinear mechanism and study on the complexity of bullwhip effect for order-up-to policy under demand signal processing. The methodology is based on fractal and chaotic theory and allows important insights to be gained about the complexity behavior of bullwhip effect.     

异步DS-CDMA系统中基于矩阵点除算法的DOA估计

针对异步DS-CDMA系统中的多用户环境,本文提出了一种低复杂度的DOA估计算法——矩阵点除算法。该算法通过对感兴趣信息的逐次分离,实现了DOA的逐路径估计。算法具有两方面显著优势:(1)克服了传统的DOA估计算法在路径总数大于天线阵元数时不能工作这一缺陷:(2)避免了计算复杂的特征值分解运算,大大降低了算法复杂度。仿真实验验证了算法的有效性。     

Effects of post annealing on removal of defect states in silicon oxynitride films grown by oxidation of silicon substrates nitrided in inductively coupled nitrogen plasma

Ultra thin (5 nm) silicon oxynitride (SiON) films were fabricated at a low temperature using nitrogen plasma generated by an inductively coupled plasma system. Effects of post-metalization annealing (PMA) of Al/SiON/Si MOS structure on the electrical properties of the SiON films were studied and correlations between the charge trapping states and the leakage current were established. Positive charge trapping by interface states generated by plasma damage was characterized by the hysteresis in high-frequency capacitance-voltage (C-V) characteristics. Hysteresis was observed to be completely removed by PMA while interface state density at the Si mid band gap reduced from 2.2×10¹³ to 3.7×10¹¹/eV/cm² and the oxide fixed charge density changed from 3.3×10¹² to −4×10¹¹/cm². The leakage current also decreased significantly, by more than two orders of magnitude, with PMA. The analysis of the leakage current using trap assisted tunneling (TAT) mechanism indicated that with PMA, the trap energy level in the SiON film becomes shallower from 1.3 to 0.7 eV. The positive trapped charges were observed to be annihilated by PMA and the trapping sites became neutral trap centers in the SiON film. This could lead to the reduction in the leakage current component given rise to by TAT.     

基于AT89C2051的单户可视对讲门铃室内分机的设计

本文介绍一种基于单片机AT89C2501的单户可视对讲门铃室内分机的工作原理及软、硬件的设计与实现方法。     

基于WVD的防空雷达直升机信号特征分析

基于直升机目标旋转部件的调制模型，本文针对防空雷达提出了分析直升机信号特征的一种新方法——WVD法，并对直升机目标旋转部件调制回波信号在不同噪声情况下加以仿真分析，结果表明：用WVD分析雷达回波中直升机信号特征是一种非常有效的方法。     

Signal Integrity: Fault Modeling and Testing in High-Speed SoCs

As we approach 100 nm technology the interconnect issues are becoming one of the main concerns in the testing of gigahertz system-on-chips. Voltage distortion (noise) and delay violations (skew) contribute to the signal integrity loss and ultimately functional error, performance degradation and reliability problems. In this paper, we first define a model for integrity faults on the high-speed interconnects. Then, we present a BIST-based test methodology that includes two special cells to detect and measure noise and skew occurring on the interconnects of the gigahertz system-on-chips. Using an inexpensive test architecture the integrity information accumulated by these special cells can be scanned out for final test and reliability analysis.