基于本体的语义虚拟环境查询与推理模型

当前将本体引入到语义虚拟环境的研究,只是将领域本体的可视化信息用本体表示,并未发挥本体本身具有的优势。为此,提出一种基于本体的语义虚拟环境查询与推理模型。利用OWL语言统一描述虚拟场景图形内容与语义信息,并分别对两者进行查询,在图形内容查询过程中引入本体的推理方法推理出隐含的图形内容信息,然后查询需要的信息。在语义信息查询时引入语义搜索方法,利用基于语义距离计算本体概念相似度的方法计算语义虚拟环境本体中类之间的相似度,搜索与被查询实例语义相似度最大的实例,并借助推理找出其间的关系。对语义虚拟家具商店进行本体的查询与推理,结果证明了该模型的可行性。     

语言真值直觉模糊逻辑的知识推理

针对格蕴涵代数、直觉模糊集及知识表示、基于语言真值直觉模糊代数的相关性质及运算方法,提出了六元语言真值直觉模糊代数的相关逻辑性质,并在六元语言真值直觉模糊知识表示的基础上,将模糊推理的CRI方法进行扩展,研究得出了六元语言真值直觉模糊推理的方法即6LTV-CRI算法。而后将直觉模糊推理与六元语言真值直觉模糊推理方法进行对比分析,验证了6LTV-CRI推理算法的合理性,并分析了其优缺点。     

基于直觉模糊推理的网络舆情预警方法*

为解决网络舆情预警等级问题,提出了一种基于直觉模糊推理的网络舆情预警方法。借鉴战场态势分析思想,对网络舆情态势分析的原理进行了阐述,选取了适合计算机实现的七个网络舆情态势分析模式对预警等级进行判断。选择七个舆情话题进行实验,实验结果表明,该方法能够准确地估计出威胁等级,符合专家经验判断,说明该方法是可行的。     

Geohash编码抗k近邻攻击的脆弱性分析

Geohash编码作为一种降维技术目前已应用于空间数据库和空间数据引擎中,但其安全性还有待进一步研究。文章关注Geohash编码存在的安全漏洞,从理论上分析了此种降维技术产生推理通道的原因,并提出一种基于k近邻查询的加密Geohash字段重构算法,通过观察大量k近邻查询响应中的明文信息进行统计推断并重构出加密Geohash的原始值。对加密兴趣点数据库进行重构实验,实验表明,观察到的查询响应数量越多,重构值的精确度越高。在Geohash编码精度为30 bit的情况下,当观察到100000到3000000次查询响应时,重构值与原始值平均误差为0.074%到0.015%。该实验揭示了Geohash编码在抵抗k近邻查询推理攻击方面的脆弱性及形成机理,将促进相关地理信息系统行业的安全应用与研究。     

Research and Practice of Hybrid Teaching for Software Testing based on Interactive Learning

To address the problems of insufficient number of personalized exercises and cases and teachers' lack of grasp of students' weak knowledge points in the current software testing online courses, we study the strategy of establishing and updating intelligent exercise sets and case libraries and analyze the answers and dig out the weak points of knowledge through group intelligence reasoning and interactive machine learning methods. This will help teachers to make uniform and targeted explanations, reduce manual judgment, and achieve intelligent teaching quality reform, and implement the educational concepts of "keeping up with the times" and "teaching according to students' abilities".     

融合共现推理的Faster R-CNN输电线路金具检测

为促进目标检测模型与电力领域业务知识有机融合,缓解金具样本间长尾分布问题,有效提升输电线路金具的自动化检测效果,提出了融合共现推理的Faster R-CNN(faster region-based convolutional neural network)输电线路金具检测模型。首先,深入研究输电线路金具结构化组合规则,通过数据驱动的方式以条件概率对金具目标间的共现连接关系进行有效表达;然后,结合图学习方法,利用学习并映射的共现概率关联作为共现图邻接矩阵,使用基线模型(Faster R-CNN)提取的特征向量作为图推理输入特征,以自学习的变换矩阵作为共现图传播权重,完成图信息传播并实现有效的共现推理模型嵌入。实验证明,融合共现推理模块的Faster R-CNN模型较原始模型提升了6.56%的准确率,对于长尾分布样本中数量较少的金具性能提升尤其显著。     

Case‐based approach for supporting strategy decision making

The practice of strategy decision making proves that when the management board is strongly limited in its capacity to take rational actions, specifically in the context of great decision complexity and uncertainty, it is considered good practice to refer to experience through reasoning by analogy. In this paper, we would like to concentrate on supporting strategic decisions in small and medium enterprises (SMEs). The complexity of analogy‐based reasoning has its roots in an attempt to solve new problems based on past cases from a different domain, while we will focus on case‐based approach for a single domain. Additionally, we have chosen case‐based reasoning as a suitable decision‐making paradigm because it is corresponds to managers’ decision‐making behaviour. We present the STRATEGOS case‐based reasoning system for supporting strategic decision making by SMEs management boards and then the system evaluation by the dozens of chief executive officers (CEOs) from SMEs is presented. The results of the survey are promising and show the remarkable correspondence of the proposed solution with expectations and strategic behaviour of CEOs.     

基于案例分析金字塔模型的主动运维案例体系建设

针对传统运维案例在经验共享和处置效率方面的不足及运维领域同类事件重复发生概率高、处置差异大的情况,提出一种案例分析金字塔模型,使用基于向量化解析和知识分层提取的素材库构建方法,实现由生产运维操作标准库、生产运行异常事件库到案例素材库再到案例教学库的自动生成转变,并以金字塔模型为基础,通过引入改进的趋势预测分析方法、案例推理"5R"模型和"4S"案例教学模式完善预警预测、辅助决策、案例教学相关应用,建立主动运维案例体系。实践结果表明,通过整个体系的推行,改变了企业信息系统运维被动应付的局面,同类事件占比逐年降低,事件响应时间和处置时间明显缩短,运维服务质量大幅提升。     

Construction-specific spatial information reasoning in Building Information Models

In recent years, there have been significant advances in modeling technology for object-oriented building products. However, the building models are still lacking of providing construction-specific spatial information required for construction planning. Consequently, construction planners visually analyze building product models and derive geometric characteristics such as bounded spaces and exterior perimeter to develop detailed construction plans. Such a process presents fragmented information flows, from building product information to construction planning, that rely on subjective decisions of construction planners. In order to overcome these drawbacks, this research proposes a geometric reasoning system that analyzes geometric information in building designs, derives the construction-specific spatial information, and uses the information to assist in construction planning. The scope of presented work includes detecting work packages formed by faces during construction, such as large work faces and bounded spaces, and using information in the work packages directly to support planning of selected indoor construction activities. The main features of the proposed system named Construction Spatial Information Reasoner (CSIR) include a set of relationship acquisition algorithms, building component relationship data structure, and interpretation of the relationship to support detailed construction activity planning. The relationship acquisition algorithms identify adjacency between building components that is stored in the relational data structure. Then, acquired adjacency relationships are transformed into a set of graphs that represent work packages. To implement the proposed approach, CSIR utilized a commercially-available Building Information Modeling (BIM) platform and the algorithms were imbedded to the BIM platform. For validation, CSIR was tested on a real commercial building. For interior ceiling grid installation activities, CSIR successfully detected existing work packages and analyzed the spatial characteristics impacting construction productivity. The major contribution of the presented research would be to enable a realistic analysis of building geometric condition that is not possible in current BIM and a seamless information flow from building product information to construction process plans. These can potentially reduce current manual and error-prone construction planning processes. Limitations and future research suggestions are also presented.