Exploring synergies between content-based filtering and Spreading Activation techniques in knowledge-based recommender systems

Recommender systems fight information overload by selecting automatically items that match the personal preferences of each user. The so-called content-based recommenders suggest items similar to those the user liked in the past, using syntactic matching mechanisms. The rigid nature of such mechanisms leads to recommending only items that bear strong resemblance to those the user already knows. Traditional collaborative approaches face up to overspecialization by considering the preferences of other users, which causes other severe limitations. In this paper, we avoid the intrinsic pitfalls of collaborative solutions and diversify the recommendations by reasoning about the semantics of the user’s preferences. Specifically, we present a novel content-based recommendation strategy that resorts to semantic reasoning mechanisms adopted in the Semantic Web, such as Spreading Activation techniques and semantic associations. We have adopted these mechanisms to fulfill the personalization requirements of recommender systems, enabling to discover extra knowledge about the user’s preferences and leading to more accurate and diverse suggestions. Our approach is generic enough to be used in a wide variety of domains and recommender systems. The proposal has been preliminary evaluated by statistics-driven tests involving real users in the recommendation of Digital TV contents. The results reveal the users’ satisfaction regarding the accuracy and diversity of the reasoning-driven content-based recommendations.     

Diagnosing and correcting design inconsistencies in source code with logical abduction

Correcting design decay in source code is not a trivial task. Diagnosing and subsequently correcting inconsistencies between a software system’s code and its design rules (e.g., database queries are only allowed in the persistence layer) and coding conventions can be complex, time-consuming and error-prone. Providing support for this process is therefore highly desirable, but of a far greater complexity than suggesting basic corrective actions for simplistic implementation problems (like the “declare a local variable for non-declared variable” suggested by Eclipse).We present an abductive reasoning approach to inconsistency correction that consists of (1) a means for developers to document and verify a system’s design and coding rules, (2) an abductive logic reasoner that hypothesizes possible causes of inconsistencies between the system’s code and the documented rules and (3) a library of corrective actions for each hypothesized cause. This work builds on our previous work, where we expressed design rules as equality relationships between sets of source code artifacts (e.g., the set of methods in the persistence layer is the same as the set of methods that query the database). In this paper, we generalize our approach to design rules expressed as user-defined binary relationships between two sets of source code artifacts (e.g., every state changing method should invoke a persistence method).We illustrate our approach on the design of IntensiVE, a tool suite that enables defining sets of source code artifacts intensionally (by means of logic queries) and verifying relationships between such sets.     

一种基于证据推理的混合型灰色多属性群决策方法

针对方案的属性值为区间灰数与确定语言等级,或在两个连续的语言等级之间权重完全已知的混合型灰色多属性群决策问题,提出一种新的决策方法．该方法可根据决策者的偏好给出定量属性的白化值和定性属性的信用结构,确定了每个决策者和群体的等级信用结构矩阵;提出了求解群体集成权重的新方法,并利用证据推理算法求出各方案在各等级的信任度;最后利用期望效用和区间数排序法对方案进行了排序．实例分析表明了该方法的合理性和有效性．     

程度推理与程度控制

文章把语言值规则（模糊规则）视为语言值及其程度（隶属度）之间的一种对应关系,提出了程度函数和程度规则的概念,并由此建立了一种称为程度推理和程度控制的推理与控制方法。采用程度推理和程度控制,传统的模糊推理就变为简单的符号推演和函数计算,传统的模糊控制由数值／（语,度）转换、（语,度）变换和（语,度）／数值转换等三步来实现。     

A Constraint-Based Approach for Deriving 3-D Structures of Cyclic Polypeptides

This paper presents an hybrid algorithm for deriving 3-D structures of cyclic polypeptides. The algorithm combines constraint-based techniques with the most widely used methods for non-cyclic polypeptides. The empirical results demonstrate that the proposed hybrid algorithm outperforms traditional methods especially with respect to running times.     

Structured Reactive Controllers

Service robots, such as autonomous office couriers or robot tourguides, must be both reliable and efficient. This requires them to flexibly interleave their tasks, exploit opportunities, quickly plan their course of action, and, if necessary, revise their intended activities. In this paper, we show how structured reactive controllers (SRCs) satisfy these requirements. The novel feature of SRCs is that they employ and reason about plans that specify and synchronize concurrent percept-driven behavior. Powerful control abstractions enable SRCs to integrate physical action, perception, planning, and communication in a uniform framework and to apply fast but imperfect computational methods without sacrificing reliability and flexibility. Concurrent plans are represented in a transparent and modular form so that automatic planning processes can reason about the plans and revise them. We present experiments in which SRCs are used to control two autonomous mobile robots. In one of them an SRC controlled the course of action of a museum tourguide robot that has operated for thirteen days, more than ninetyfour hours, completed 620 tours, and presented 2668 exhibits.     

A case-based reasoning approach to cognitive map-driven tacitknowledge management

Knowledge is at the heart of knowledge management. In literature, a lot of studies have been suggested covering the role of knowledge in improving the performance of management. However, there are few studies about investigating knowledge itself in the arena of knowledge management. Knowledge circulating in an organization may be explicit or tacit. Until now, literature in knowledge management shows that it has mainly focused on explicit knowledge. On the other hand, tacit knowledge plays an important role in the success of knowledge management. It is relatively hard to formalize and reuse tacit knowledge. Therefore, research proposing the explication and reuse of tacit knowledge would contribute significantly to knowledge management research. In this sense, we propose using cognitive map (CM) as a main vehicle of formalizing tacit knowledge, and case-based reasoning as a tool for storing CM-driven tacit knowledge in the form of frame-typed cases, and retrieving appropriate tacit knowledge from the case base according to a new problem. Our proposed methodology was applied to a credit analysis problem in which decision-makers need tacit knowledge to assess whether a firm under consideration is healthy or not. Experiment results showed that our methodology for tacit knowledge management can provide decision makers with robust knowledge-based support.     

概念推理网及其在文本分类中的应用

在分析了当前文本分类中学常用方法的基础上,提出了一种新的分类模型,该模型是对人的分类过程的一种模拟,在已的有英语语义词典及大量训练集的基础上,应用机器学习、数据挖掘等技术进行知识获取并最终形成若干个概念推理网,对待分类的文档可以激活相应的网络,网时传播推理以决定其类别的归属,试验表明：该方法具有较高的分类正确率与召回率。     

多Agent系统中基于Rough集的推理

定义了多Ａｇｅｎｔ系统中的推理模型,建立了在该模型下的Ｒｏｕｇｈ集和基于Ｒｏｕｇｈ信方法的Ｒｏｕｇｈ包含计算或称集合连接计算,在知识发现和数据挖掘中,集合之间往往不是给出它们的相等性,而是讨论它们之间的Ｒｏｕｇｈ包含或连接。因为在不同的Ａｇｅｎｔ中集合之间关系的精确和一致解释往往是不容易获得的。一般说来,一条基于决策表上的规则,满足前提公式个体的集合包含于满足结论公式个体的集合常常是用一种支持值和