双级式楔形光隔离器中的光路分析

通过建立五维坐标系,根据几何光学和晶体物理学的理论,对光在双级式偏振无关楔形光隔离器中的光轨迹情况进行了研究。把光轨迹根据介质的不同分为若干段,法拉第旋转器作为平行平板,等效为空气介质处理,从而使结构和计算简洁化。为定量地表达光隔离器输出的两束光的偏移、相互距离与光程差提供方法。     

对机载单天线SAR实际数据进行ATI动目标检测的新方法

本文给出一种基于机载单天线SAR实际数据进行ATI动目标检测的方法.该方法将单通道SAR数据抽样近似为两通道ATI-SAR(Along Track Interferometric SAR)数据,利用两通道方位向干涉进行杂波抑制,实现动目标检测.检测结果表明,单天线SAR数据的ATI方法对动目标检测是有效的,在没有ATI-SAR实际数据情况下,为研究ATI-SAR干涉算法提供了一种有效途径.     

激光雷达高精度跟踪运动目标的方法研究

本文论述了卡尔曼滤波估值理论在激光雷达跟踪系统中的应用方法,首先建立目标和激光雷达测量值的数学模型;然后讨论了跟踪数学模型线性变换方法以及对滤波器精度的影响,在此基础上,提出了激光雷达跟踪运动目标时高精度的跟踪方法。     

STFT与SOPC技术相结合实现高速跳频图案的识别与跟踪

本文根据频率跟踪式干扰的基本原理,提出一种基于短时傅里叶变换 (STFT)的高速跳频图案的识别与跟踪方案,并采用可编程芯片系统 (SOPC)技术进行了硬件实现。理论分析与实测结果表明,该系统实现 1024点的STFT仅需 84μs,可对 10 000跳 /秒以下的高速跳频图案实时识别与跟踪。     

摩擦式提升机钢丝绳弹性振动理论研究

从弹性动力学入手,研究了摩擦式提升机在加速、减速和紧急制动时的弹性振动特性,给出了提升容器的加、减速度及动张力的计算公式,研究了采用梯形加速度曲线的动张力限制设计方法。     

钢轨罐道变形危害分析及处理

分析了钢轨罐道变形的危害并提出了相应的处理措施。     

滨海环境颗粒物对分散溢油表面性质的影响

用室内实验模拟海洋环境的方法,研究了在不同颗粒物浓度和粒径、海水盐度以及pH值条件下,加入不同种类的颗粒物对胜利原油表面性质的影响;同时制备石油 悬浮颗粒物凝聚体(OSAs),并测定凝聚体中油滴平均粒径的大小。结果表明:随着悬浮颗粒物浓度的增加和颗粒物粒径的减小,油 水界面张力和Zeta电位逐渐减小;在加入不同颗粒物条件下油 水界面张力、Zeta电位和油滴粒径均随着海水盐度的增加而减小,加入高岭土时达到最小,分别为02 mN/m、-347 mV和86 μm;油 水界面张力随pH值的增加先减小后增大,Zeta电位随pH值的增加先增大后减小,油 水界面张力最低值和Zeta电位最高值均在pH值为7~8时达到;消油剂和颗粒物共同作用条件下,油 水界面张力、Zeta电位和油滴粒径可分别降低至01 mN/m、-191 mV和19 μm。     

Toward prediction of surface tension of branched n-alkanes using ANN technique

This study features the application of artificial neural network for prediction of surface tension of branched alkanes. Surface and interfacial tensions of alkanes show a specific interaction between adjacent molecules of the higher n-alkanes which results in an anisotropic dispersion force component of the surface energy. The surface tension of branched alkanes was studied for temperatures between 283.15 and 448.15 K. Two intelligent models named multilayer perceptron model (MLP) and radial basis function (RBF) model were developed and the accuracy of two models was examined by different graphical and statistical methods. Results showed that the both models are accurate and effective in prediction of surface tension of branched alkanes. However, the results were compared with experimental data and it was found that the estimated surface tension by multi-layer perceptron neural network is more accurate than radial basis function network.     

Viscosity reduction of acidic heavy oil through emulsification: effects of salinity and pH

In this research, sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS) was selected as emulsifying viscosity reducer through a great number of laboratory experiments and then the effects of salinity and pH on viscosity reduction effects were evaluated. The result showed that higher salinity would result in emulsion viscosity enhancement. Compared with neutral pH conditions (pH =7), both acidic and basic conditions would promote emulsion viscosity reduction. When pH >7, generated O/W emulsions were much more stable than all other emulsions. Detailed compositional characterization of petroleum acid through a high resolution mass spectrometer (FT-ICR MS) proved that carboxylic acid and phenols inside petroleum acid would react with OH^- at basic conditions and produce some natural surfactants. Theses natural surfactants could work synergistically with SDS and further improve emulsion stability.     

表面活性剂对低渗透油藏渗吸的影响

采用不同类型的表面活性剂进行自发渗吸实验,并对表面活性剂改善岩石润湿性、降低界面张力的能力进行了分析。实验结果表明,阴离子型表面活性剂改善润湿性的能力好于其他类型的表面活性剂,且在岩心中的自发渗吸效果最好,这是由于阴离子型表面活性剂改善润湿性的机理为离子对形成机理,强于阳离子的吸附机理;接触角是决定渗吸能否发生的决定性因素,只有接触角小于70°时渗吸才能发生;界面张力影响渗吸速度和最终采出程度,对于渗透率为1 mD的岩心,最佳界面张力为10~(-1) mN/m。