水性聚氨酯材料配方设计技巧

介绍了优选法的0.618法和分数法,对其进行改进创新和原理证明,并应用于生产涂料配方设计中。     

Cross-evaluation-based weighted linear optimization for multi-criteria ABC inventory classification

Multi-criteria ABC inventory classification (MCIC), which aims to classify inventory items by considering more than one criterion, is one of the most widely employed techniques for inventory control. This paper suggests a cross-evaluation-based weighted linear optimization (CE-WLO) model for MCIC that incorporates a cross-efficiency evaluation method into a weighted linear optimization model for finer classification (or ranking) of inventory items. The present study demonstrated the inventory-management-cost effectiveness and advantages of the proposed model using a simulation technique to conduct a comparative experiment with the previous, related investigations. We established that the proposed model enables more accurate classification of inventory items and better inventory management cost effectiveness for MCIC, specifically by mitigating the adverse effect of flexibility in the choice of weights and yielding a unique ordering of inventory items.     

Consistent hierarchical economic NMPC for a class of hybrid systems using neighboring-extremal updates

A hierarchical two-layer control algorithm is developed for a class of hybrid (discrete-continuous dynamic) systems to support economically optimal operation of batch or continuous processes with a predefined production schedule. For this class of hybrid systems, the optimal control moves as well as the controlled switching times between two adjacent modes are determined online. In contrast to closely related schemes for integrated scheduling and control, the sequence of modes is not optimized. On the upper layer, the economic optimal control problem is solved rigorously by a slow hybrid economic model predictive controller at a low sampling rate. On the lower layer, a fast hybrid neighboring-extremal controller is based on the same economic optimal control problem as the slow controller to ensure consistency between both layers. The fast neighboring-extremal controller updates rather than tracks the optimal trajectories from the upper layer to account for disturbances. Consequently, the fast controller steers the process to its operational bounds under disturbances and the economic potential of the process is exploited anytime. The suggested two-layer control algorithm provides fully consistent control action on the fast and slow time-scale and thus avoids performance degradation and even infeasibilities which are commonly encountered if inconsistent optimal control problems are formulated and solved.     

化工搅拌器的参数优选

本文提出了确定化工用搅拌器搅拌时间的一种简单试验方法,并用正交表安排寻找最佳搅拌参数的试验和整理试验数据,得到了有实用价值的结果。     

An analysis,design and tuning of Cascade Control Systems in the presence of constraints in actuator and process outputs

In the presence of rate constraints in actuator, design of cascade controller based on the primary controller conditional integration can result into closed-loop system oscillations. Stability analysis, performed by the describing function technique and confirmed by simulation, demonstrates that the solution based on the Anti-Reset Windup Cascade Control System (ARW CCS) structure is successful. Design and tuning of the ARW CCS secondary controller is a standard ARW single-input single-output problem. In the present paper tuning is proposed for the ARW CCS primary controller. For the serial process modeling simple rules are derived and confirmed by experimental results, obtained on a drum type boiler of a 210 MWe lignite coal fired unit. General design of the ARW CCS is based on the parallel process modeling and optimization of the primary controller. Optimization is performed in the frequency domain, under constraints on the maximum sensitivity, multiplicative uncertainty bound and sensitivity to measurement noise. Simulation and experimental results on a laboratory thermal plant demonstrate effectiveness of the proposed optimization.     

风机冷风保安控制系统优化

介绍菜钢型钢AV80风机冷风保安控制系统的优化改造,以增加其控制安全性及可靠性.     

Probabilistic and interval reliability design of the composite pressure vessel

Considering the randomness or interval character of physical parameters and applied loads of composite pressure vessels (COPV), the COPV reliability-analyzing model is built. And then the computational expressions for the mean value, standard deviation and deviation of fiber stress are deduced by the random factor method. The probabilistic and interval reliability designs on COPV are implemented by utilizing the probabilistic method and interval method combined with the improved particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, respectively. The influence of fluctuation of structure uncertain parameters on COPV design thickness is inspected. Finally, examples are given to demonstrate that both probabilistic and interval reliability methods can satisfy the safety requirement and both are of higher rationality than the traditional safety factor method. And probabilistic method has a lower relative error but a higher computational complexity contrasted with the interval method.     

Connecting parameters optimization on unsymmetrical twin-tower structure linked by sky-bridge

Based on a simplified 3-DOF model of twin-tower structure linked by a sky-bridge, the frequency response functions, the displacement power spectral density （PSD） functions, and the time-averaged total vibration energy were derived, by assuming the white noise as the earthquake excitation. The effects of connecting parameters, such as linking stiffness ratio and linking damping ratio, on the structural vibration responses were then studied, and the optimal connecting parameters were obtained to minimize the vibration energy of either the independent monomer tower or the integral structure. The influences of sky-bridge elevation position on the optimal connecting parameters were also discussed. Finally, the distribution characteristics of the top displacement PSD and the structural responses, excited by El Centro, Taft and artificial waves, were compared in both frequency and time domain. It is found that the connecting parameters at either end of connection interactively affect the responses of the towers. The optimal connecting parameters can greatly improve the damping connections on their seismic reduction effectiveness, but are unable to reduce the seismic responses of the towers to the best extent simultaneously. It is also indicated that the optimal connecting parameters derived from the simplified 3-DOF model are applicable for two multi-story structures linked by a sky-bridge with dampers. The seismic reduction effectiveness obtained varies from 0.3 to 1.0 with different sky-bridge mass ratio. The displacement responses of the example structures are reduced by approximately 22% with sky-bridge connections.     

高职院校绩效工资制度存在的问题及对策——以武汉某职院人事分配制度为背景

为了最大程度地调动教职工的积极性和创造性,提高办学质量和办学效率,高职院校纷纷进行人事分配制度改革。由于高职院校存在着教师教育教学活动的投入难以可靠计量、教育教学活动的产出难以可靠测量以及教学效果难以可靠评估等特殊性,导致高校绩效工资制度的改革难以达到"效率优先,兼顾公平"的预期效果。本文以武汉某职院人事分配制度的改革方案为背景,由个别到一般,分析高职院校绩效工资改革存在的不足,并就如何进一步优化高职院校绩效工资制度改革提出意见和建议。     

Numerical Simulation of Internal Oxidation of Steels during Annealing Treatments

This paper presents a new model for simultaneous diffusion and precipitation of chemical elements in metallic matrices, a scheme for its numerical solution, and several applications to problems of internal oxidation. The model basically stands as an extension of the classical Wagner model for internal oxidation of steels, but is more much general in that it allows for an arbitrary number of diffusing chemical elements, an arbitrary number of precipitate phases with arbitrary compositions, dependence of diffusion coefficients and solubility products upon (time-dependent) temperature, etc., thus allowing for a much broader range of applications. As a counterpart, it is generally impossible to solve the complex, non-linear equations of the model analytically, but this can be done numerically. The simple but efficient numerical scheme proposed is based on explicit 1D finite differences. Experience has shown that this scheme, in spite of its rusticity and the restrictions it imposes on the time-step, is more efficient than more elaborate strategies based on the finite-element method. The applications presented are concerned with internal oxidation of steels during annealing processes. The model and associated numerical scheme allow for evaluation of the amounts of the various oxide precipitates in the external layer of the sheet. This opens the way, through numerical parametric studies of the influence of the process parameters and the chemical composition, to the improvement of existing treatments and the development of new steel grades.