GOLPH3 Regulates EGFR in T98G Glioblastoma Cells by Modulating Its Glycosylation and Ubiquitylation

Protein trafficking is altered when normal cells acquire a tumor phenotype. A key subcellular compartment in regulating protein trafficking is the Golgi apparatus, but its role in carcinogenesis is still not well defined. Golgi phosphoprotein 3 (GOLPH3), a peripheral membrane protein mostly localized at the trans-Golgi network, is overexpressed in several tumor types including glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most lethal primary brain tumor. Moreover, GOLPH3 is currently considered an oncoprotein, however its precise function in GBM is not fully understood. Here, we analyzed in T98G cells of GBM, which express high levels of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), the effect of stable RNAi-mediated knockdown of GOLPH3. We found that silencing GOLPH3 caused a significant reduction in the proliferation of T98G cells and an unexpected increase in total EGFR levels, even at the cell surface, which was however less prone to ligand-induced autophosphorylation. Furthermore, silencing GOLPH3 decreased EGFR sialylation and fucosylation, which correlated with delayed ligand-induced EGFR downregulation and its accumulation at endo-lysosomal compartments. Finally, we found that EGF failed at promoting EGFR ubiquitylation when the levels of GOLPH3 were reduced. Altogether, our results show that GOLPH3 in T98G cells regulates the endocytic trafficking and activation of EGFR likely by affecting its extent of glycosylation and ubiquitylation.     

基于多线程技术的监控系统的设计

详细介绍在32位操作系统Windows95／98下，用C Builder3．0开发基于多线程技术的监控系统的有关方法。     

EPSW98在地形测量中的应用

EPSW98是面向对理信息系统（简称GIS）的GIS前端软件，可实现内外业一体化，能与GIS数据、CAD数据相互转换，达到一图多用的目的。对EPSW98系统概述、作业流程、应用技巧作了详细论述。     

Necessary optimality conditions for fuzzy variational problems

The main aims of this study are to derive the fuzzy Euler-Lagrange conditions for both fuzzy unconstrained and constrained variational problems based on the concepts of differentiability and integrability of a fuzzy mapping that may be parameterized by the left and right-hand functions of its α-level sets.     

机房软件系统维护探讨

主要探讨通过系统恢复和系统重装两种途径来解决Windows98系统运行不稳定甚至崩溃的问题，介绍了使用“系统件检查器”和通过修复注册表来恢复系统，以及采用释放分区克隆件、通过硬盘安装以及网上邻居安装Windows98系统来重装系统。     

PS型数据采集接口板卡的驱动模块开发

采用Vineo Sofware公司出品的VxD开发软件包VtoolsD，开发出了Windows98环境下的数据采集卡虚拟设备驱动程序，VxD部分完成对物理设备的直接控制和通讯，DLL部分完成设备驱动（Ring0)与应用程序（Ring3)之间的接口，Microsoft Visual C 开发的应用程序通过调用Windows系统函数，实现对采样的精确定时，其周期最小可达0．1ms。     

个人计算机和工作站上计算化学软件性能的综合测评

选择Gaussian98大型计算化学软件包，设计了两组具有代表性的测试算例，在多种个人计算机和工作站硬件、系统软件平台上进行计算性能的综合测试、分析和评价。指出目前高端PC机采用Linux操作系统时性能完全可匹敌最快的工作站，为计算化学研究者选择和构架高性能、价格比的计算机系统提供参考。     

多通道同步高速数据采集系统研制

介绍了一个最高采样率为100MHz，采样精度为8bit，基于PCI总线和计算机并口的8通道同步高速数据采集系统的设计，整套系统具有同步误差小、触发方式多样、操作灵活等特点。     

图形软件与Gaussian 98 W程序的联合应用研究

根据量子化学计算的要求，探讨了以图形方式输入计算所需初始坐标的方法，并在Gaussian 98w平台上对相关计算模型进行了优化，进而用可视化软件分析了Gaussian 98 W的计算结果，实现了Gaussian 98 w程序的图形输入和图形输出，使量子化学计算和讨论方便直观。     

Book reviews

Abstract

When news of the assassination of Mohandas Gandhi circulated through New Delhi on 30 January 1948, Margaret Bourke-White, one of Life magazine's premier photographers, and Henri Cartier-Bresson, then a comparatively unknown French photojournalist, raced to Birla House, where the event occurred. Both understood the journalistic imperative of photographing Gandhi's body. Because of their different philosophical and technical approaches to photography, they responded to the challenge in different ways and produced very different results. This study compares their ideas, approaches, and results. It also offers a case study of one of Cartier-Bresson' s most important news reportages.¹