磨削表面粗糙度对γ-TiAl合金抗弯强度的影响

为了研究表面加工质量对硬脆性高温合金抗弯性能的影响,对不同磨削表面粗糙度的全片层γ-TiAl(Ti-47.5Al-2.5V-1.0Cr)合金进行了抗弯性能试验,分析了表面粗糙度对其抗弯强度的影响规律。试验结果表明,随着表面粗糙度的增大,全片层γ-TiAl合金的抗弯强度明显降低。结合断裂形貌图分析了全片层γ-TiAl合金组织中裂纹的萌生、扩展及最终发生宏观断裂的方式,全片层γ-TiAl合金裂纹大多起裂于因加工纹理引起的应力集中区域附近的片层间,并优先在层间扩展,最终的断裂形式多为穿层的脆性瞬断。     

羧酸富勒烯C3的合成及其保护辐射损伤效应

通过Bingle环加成反应,利用富勒烯与丙二酸二乙酯催化合成羧酸富勒烯C3,经^1H-NMR,^13C-NMR以及MS-ESI确认其结构和分子量。通过芬顿体系检测了C3清除自由基的能力。利用CCK-8法和Annexin-V／PI染色和流式细胞分析法,分别检测C3对γ射线照射后AHH-1、HIEC细胞存活率,细胞凋亡和细胞周期变化的影响。结果表明,C3具有良好的清除自由基的能力,当芬顿体系中C3终浓度为1000mg／L时,清除效率高达93％左右。对1．12Gyγ射线照射的细胞,C3具有良好的辐射保护作用,表现为照后细胞存活率明显升高,细胞凋亡率显著降低;且对于较高剂量的照射,辐射防护效果较好。说明C3对γ射线照射的细胞具有较好的辐射防护作用,其机理可能主要与其清除自由基的作用有关。     

γ-氨基丁酸检测方法的比较

本文对检测γ-氨基丁酸的纸层析法、高效液相色谱法和氨基酸分析仪法进行了全面的比较研究.结果表明纸层析法检测γ-氨基丁酸,在使用展开剂V（正丁醇）∶V（冰醋酸）∶V（水）=4∶1∶3的条件下,具有简单、快速等优点,但精密度较低.高效液相色谱法以邻苯二甲醛作为衍生剂,用反相C18柱为分离柱,精密度较高,准确度较好,但是操作过程相对繁琐.氨基酸分析仪法采用茚三酮柱后衍生,稳定性好、灵敏度高、操作简便,但要求样品氨基酸浓度在100nmol/mL范围内,使用费用高.     

磷改性双功能催化剂合成二甲醚性能研究

采用磷酸水溶液浸渍-焙烧法对甲醇脱水催化剂γ-Al2O3改性,得到磷改性甲醇脱水催化剂P-γ-Al2O3与C301甲醇合成催化剂以1:4的质量比混合制备成C301/p-γ-Al2O3双功能催化剂用于一步法合成二甲醚,该改性双功能催化剂比未改性催化剂具有更高的催化活性。将该催化剂用于浆态床反应器,在p=3.7MPa,T=250℃,进料合成气n(H2)/n(CO)=2的条件下,CO转化率从93.11%提高到95.90%,DME选择性从34.61%提高到42.27%。改性催化剂经FT-IR、BET、XRD手段进行表征,发现在P-γ-Al2O3中增加了O=P-O键,使得脱水催化剂的表面总酸量和L酸中心数量同时增加,从而提高了双功能催化剂的活性。     

γ-内酯类化合物的合成

γ-内酯是一类重要的香料化合物。研究了以廉价易得的糠醛为原料制备γ-内酯的合成路线。以糠醛和1-溴丙烷、1-溴丁烷、1-溴己烷为起始原料,合成了γ-辛内酯、γ-壬内酯以及γ-十一内酯。糠醛首先与溴代烷的格氏试剂在乙醚中反应,生成1-(2-呋喃基)烷醇,反应产率在86%左右。1-(2-呋喃基)烷醇在质量分数为0.5%的氯化氢的乙醇溶液中回流,开环水解得4-氧代羧酸,反应产率在60%左右。4-氧代羧酸与氯化亚砜在甲醇中回流反应,得4-氧代羧酸甲酯,产率约93%。4-氧代羧酸甲酯用硼氢化钠在甲醇中室温搅拌2 h,还原并且同时关环得γ-内酯,产率约85%。     

Comparative hot corrosion studies of EB-PVD and plasma sprayed coatings*

The use of directly fired heat engines, i. e. diesel and gas turbine engines, is likely to grow in the future. However, economic requirements will necessitate the development of highly efficient engines that operate at high temperatures and utilize low-grade fuels. An increase of combustion gas temperature and the utilization of low-grade fuels contaminated with, amongst others, sulphur and vanadium, may be accomplished by careful selection of the materials, e.g. by applying corrosion-resistant coatings on heatresistant alloys. The main purpose of the present work has been to test various coatingsubstrate combinations in a highly corrosive environment. The comparison of various coating techniques, e.g. electron beam physical vapour deposition (EB-PVD), air plasma spraying (APS), and low pressure plasma spraying/vacuum plasma spraying (LPPS/VPS), has been emphasized.     

Finishing works after welding of structures made of rust-resistant,high-alloy steels

In this paper, problems that occur when working with welds formed of high-alloy steels to restore their passive layers, damaged as a result of temperature impact, are discussed. Particular attention was paid to the procedures concerning aggressive etching agents during and after completion of the passivation processes (waste neutralization and utilization).     

Protocol for fast screening of multi-target drug candidates: Application to Alzheimer’s disease

The treatment of many diseases may require drugs that are capable to attack multiple targets simultaneously. Obviously, the virtual screening of multi-target drug candidates is much more time consuming compared to the single-target case. This, in particular, concerns the last step of virtual screening where the binding free energy is computed by conventional molecular dynamics simulation. To overcome this difficulty we propose a simple protocol which is relied on the fast steered molecular dynamics simulation and on available experimental data on binding affinity of reference ligand to a given target. Namely, first we compute non-equilibrium works generated during pulling ligands from the binding site using the steered molecular dynamics method. Then as top leads we choose only those compounds that have the non-equilibrium work larger than that of a reference compound for which the binding free energy has been already known from experiment.Despite many efforts no cures for AD (Alzheimer’s disease) have been found. One of possible reasons for this failure is that drug candidates were developed for a single target, while there are exist many possible pathways to AD. Applying our new protocol to five targets including amyloid beta fibril, peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ, retinoic X receptor α, β- and γ-secretases, we have found two potential drugs (CID 16040294 and CID 9998128) for AD from the large PubChem database. We have also shown that these two ligands can interfere with the activity of popular Acetylcholinesterase target through strong binding towards it.     

无皂硅丙胶乳表面施胶剂的制备及对纸张的增强作用

以γ-甲基丙烯酰氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷(KH570)作自交联单体,聚乙烯醇(PVA)为高分子胶体稳定剂,苯乙烯(St)、丙烯酸丁酯(BA)、甲基丙烯酸(MAA)为单体采用无皂种子聚合制备了稳定性好、性能优异的无皂硅丙乳液表面施胶剂,并优化了合成工艺条件。结果表明,当w(MAA)=2%~3%,软硬单体比例n(BA)/n(St)=2~2.5,w(PVA)=10%~15%,w(KH570)=5%时,无皂硅丙乳液表面施胶剂具有优异的施胶效果;以质量分数为1.0%的聚合物乳液进行表面施胶时,纸张施胶度可达14.5 s,表面强度达3.69 m/s,耐折度3300次。