Captured Kriegsmarine Enigma Documents at Bletchley Park

Abstract

The discovery of intercepts in the Japanese “Orange Translations” regarding the sinking of merchant ships (marus) bearing allied POWs led to the conclusion that the Joint Intelligence Center Pacific Ocean Area (JICPOA) gave latitudes and longitudes of these vessels to the Commander, Submarine Force, Pacific (ComSubPac) knowing that POWs would be killed. An examination of the “Orange Translations” reveals that most of the intercepts are from the Japanese Water Transport Code (2468) system, not the “Maru Code” (JN-11). The author concludes that while JICPOA provided ComSubPac with convoy coordinates, they were unaware of the presence of POWs on the marus.     

Lipophilic Extractives in Populus × euramericana “Guariento” Stemwood and Bark

Abstract

The lipophilic extractives in stemwood and bark from three different heights of Populus × euramericana “Guariento” were analyzed. The bark samples, especially from 4 and 8 meters height, contained much more extractives than the stemwood samples. The lipophilic extractives identified by Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS) were composed of five component groups (i.e. triglycerides, steryl esters, free fatty acids, sterols, and free fatty alcohols both in the stemwood and bark). Besides ferulic acid esters, α-amyrin and its esters, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid esters of fatty alcohols were also identified in the stemwood and bark. Small amounts of alkanes and oligomeric or polymeric material with higher molar mass than triglycerides were present only in the bark. Glycerides, mainly triglycerides, were the largest component group of the lipophilic extractives. The high proportion of short-chain fatty acids released after alkaline hydrolysis are beneficial when removing pitch particles or fatty acid soaps by dispersing and washing during pulping and papermaking.     

现代大客车技术分析

通过对国内外大客车三大总成的最新技术进行分析，探讨我国大客技术的发展方向。     

轿厢上行超速保护装置之钢丝绳夹绳器的研究

主要讨论了标准对钢丝绳夹绳器的设计要求和规定，并对现有市场上的钢丝绳夹绳器的类型．工作原理进行了综合的分析和研究；简述了钢丝绳夹绳器的型式试验方法．探讨了曳引比为1：1时的钢丝绳夹绳器制动力的计算方法。另外．对其他类型的轿厢上行超速保护装置进行了详细的分析。     

汽车喷漆批次重组建模与优化

焊接车间按车型组织生产,同一车型又有多种颜色。按焊接生产序列进行喷漆作业,必然导致油漆喷头的反复冲洗和频繁更换,不仅增大了生产成本,还加剧了环境污染。基于某汽车厂喷漆车间的作业现状,进行喷漆生产序列重构。采用混合整型线性规划方法,以油漆喷头更换次数最小化为目标,在缓存区入口和出口处分别建立了批次分离和批次合并的混合整型线性规划模型,并用GAMS/Cplex完成其求解。结果表明,利用该方法对车辆序列进行优化后,喷头更换和冲洗次数可减少约(68~92)%,年度可节约成本1088.64万元。     

高瓦斯综放工作面瓦排巷墩柱支护技术研究

高瓦斯矿井综放工作面采用双"U"型通风方式解除瓦斯的制约,但外圈巷道受动压影响变形大(底鼓量高达2.0 m),严重影响通风和行人的安全,一般采用木垛进行加强支护,效果不好。为此,提出了用高水速凝材料墩柱代替木垛进行加强支护。FLAC3D数值模拟及现场矿压观测结果显示,墩柱支护优于木垛支护,并能有效地控制巷道围岩变形,平均每米巷道节约4 243元,效益明显,为类似地质条件下巷道支护提供一种行之有效的方案。     

深埋复杂不规则孤岛工作面冲击矿压机制研究

为研究大埋深下不规则孤岛工作面开采对冲击矿压的影响,基于覆岩空间结构理论,分析了某矿3112孤岛工作面覆岩结构及其大尺度破断运动对工作面煤岩体的影响,并根据掘进期间微震监测对孤岛面的回采进行冲击危险的动态评价。通过理论分析与数值模拟,从煤岩体静载应力和动态破坏2方面分析孤岛煤柱诱冲机制。基于能量守恒定律,研究了主关键层破断瞬间覆岩稳定性和能量释放、转化过程,主关键层的破断运动对工作面矿压显现影响剧烈。数值计算分析了不同开采尺度对孤岛面冲击的影响,随着开采尺度的增大,煤体的静载应力峰值逐渐升高并接近临界应力,冲击危险程度升高。最后基于动静载组合诱发孤岛煤柱冲击机制,探讨了孤岛面冲击矿压防治措施。现场实践表明,钻孔卸压和顶板预裂爆破有效地控制了高能量震动事件的产生。     

Proposal for an Inundation Hazard Index of Road Links for Safer Routing Services in Car Navigation Systems

Inundation of roads by heavy rainfall has attracted more attention than traffic accidents, traffic congestion, and construction because it simultaneously causes travel delays and threatens driver safety. For these reasons, in this paper, we propose an inundation hazard index (IHI) of road links, which shows the possibility of inundation of road links caused by rainfall. To generate the index, we have used two key data sources, namely the digital elevation model (DEM) and past rainfall records of when inundation has occurred. IHI is derived by statistically analyzing the relationships between the normalized relative height of the road links calculated from DEM within the watershed and past rainfall records. After analyzing the practical applicability of the proposed index with a commercial car navigation system through a set of tests, we confirmed that the proposed IHI could be implemented to choose safer routes, with reduced chances of encountering roads having inundation risks.s     

电梯安装与检验中的几个认识误区

对电梯检验案例中存在的底坑下方空间处理、轿厢自重改变、额定速度与连通性电阻的测量、紧急解困装置的设置等几种误区进行了分析,并提出了正确的解决方法。