Influence of chromium on the local structure and morphology of ferric oxyhydroxides

The extended X-ray absorption fine structure (EXAFS) method and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) have been used for characterizing the local structure and morphology of ferric oxyhydroxides, α-FeOOH and γ-FeOOH, with and without chromium. These ferric oxyhydroxide powders were prepared from aqueous solutions containing iron and chromium ions. Radial structural functions for iron obtained by Fe K edge EXAFS spectra showed that the linkage of structural units formed by FeO₆ octahedra in γ-FeOOH is distorted by chromium addition, while such distortion in α-FeOOH is not clearly detected. On the other hand, Cr K edge EXAFS spectra showed that the local structure around chromium does not necessarily correspond to the local structure around of iron, which is observed by Fe K edge EXAFS spectra. This suggests that the structural units containing iron and chromium are heterogeneously distributed in these ferric oxyhydroxides. The local structural information was discussed coupled with morphological features of these ferric oxyhydroxides observed by TEM.     

Temperature Dependence of the Magnetocrystalline Anisotropy in Nd_2Co_(14)B Compound

Easy and hard magnetization curves of Nd_2Co_(14)B compound have been measured withextracting-sample-magnetometer(μ_0H_(max)=6T)at 10～300 K.Magnetic anisotropy constants K_1 and K_2have been determined by fitting the hard magnetization curves,in which only K_1 ,K_2 and misalignment anglehave been taken as fitting parameters.The values of K_1 and K_2 at 4.2 K were derived by extrapolation.Anisotropy coefficients,x_2~° and x_4~°were derived from the anisotropy constants.The anisotropy constant K_2increases rapidly with increasing temperature when TT_(sr).The temperature depen-dence of the magnetic anisotropy coefficient x_2~° was fitted with the formula.The anisotropy coefficients x_2~°can be well described by the tenth-power law from 4.2 K to T_(sr)and by the sixth-power law from T_(sr_ to 300 K.     

Ni-Cr-Fe-Si-B合金涂层及铝青铜基体熔合区组织的研究

采用钨极氩弧焊方法在铝青铜基体上施焊了Ni—Cr-Fe-Si—B合金涂层，并运用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜及能谱分析了喷涂层、熔合区及热影响区的组织形貌和成分分布。结果表明，喷焊时，在涂层与基体界面两侧各组元均发生了明显的扩散，Cu、Ni组元间可相互取代，基体融合区组织的基本组成仍为α (α γ2)，但同时也形成了Cu2FeAl7、NiAl3等新相，且融合区组织细小，涂层与基体间为冶金态结合。     

An improved practice to manufacture Al–Ti–B master alloys by reacting halide salts with molten aluminium

The well-established “halide salt” route was employed in the present work to produce Al–Ti–B grain refiner alloys with consistent, good properties. The holding step in the production cycle was revised, however, to avoid oxidation of the molten alloy which is believed to be responsible for the relatively low Ti recoveries and thus for the inadequate and inconsistent grain refining efficiency. Stirring during holding was found to degrade the grain refining properties when molten potassium aluminium fluride salt was left on the molten alloy to avoid excessive oxidation. Likewise, holding temperatures higher than 800 °C and holding times longer than 30 min both had an undesirable effect on the grain refining performance. The experimental Al–5Ti–1B grain refiner alloy produced according to the present method provided consistent and better overall grain refining performance.     

Effects of electrical discharge surface modification of superalloy Haynes 230 with aluminum and molybdenum on oxidation behavior

The effects of the electrical discharge alloying (EDA) process on improving the high temperature oxidation resistance of the Ni-based superalloy Haynes 230 have been investigated. The 85 at.% Al and 15 at.% Mo composite electrode provided the surface alloying materials. An Al-rich layer is produced on the surface of the EDA specimen alloyed with positive electrode polarity, whereas, many discontinuous piled layers are attached to the surface of the EDA superalloy when negative electrode polarity is selected. The oxidation resistance of the specimen alloyed with positive electrode polarity is better than that of the unalloyed superalloy, and the effective temperature of oxidation resistance of the alloyed layer can be achieved to 1100 °C. Conversely, the oxidation resistance of the other EDA specimen alloyed with negative electrode polarity is even worse than that of the unalloyed superalloy.     

基于Event-B和Rodin开展形式化软件工程教学

形式化软件工程是软件工程的重要组成部分。Event-B方法是一种软件形式化开发方法,Rodin是支持Event-B方法的开放工具集。基于Event-B方法和Rodin开展形式化软件工程教学,有益于学生正确理解精化等重要的软件工程概念,理解并掌握开发可信软件的方法,是软件工程教学的重要补充。     

基于DS18B20的温度测量系统

以温度的采集处理和显示为目的,研究了基于AT89S51单片机的温度检测及显示的设计方法,给出了硬件和软件系统设计,包括温度传感器芯片的选取、单片机与温度传感器的接口设计以及实现温度采集和数据传输的软件设计。该系统结构简单,成本较低,体积小,测温范围为-55℃～125℃,可以应用在很多温度检测领域。     

基于EZ—USB FX2的温度采集系统

采用Cypress公司推出的USB2．0控制器EZ—USBFX2及DALLS公司的单线温度传感器DS18820,将USB接口应用于温度检测系统。详细说明了FX2对DS18820内部寄存器的配置过程,最后给出了FX2实现配置过程的固件程序,把采集到的温度数据实时传送到计算机中。采用汇编语言与C51语言混合编程,提高系统的实时性。此种电路设计简洁,程序实现容易,具有一定的优越性。     

基于公共技术服务平台的远程监测系统设计

从远程通信的角度,文章提出一种远程监测系统模型,模型适用于多用户与多设备之间进行多点到多点的远程监测。该模型将现场监控系统与远程多点通信的服务器分开,在公共技术服务平台上构建多点远程通信的服务器,及设备的远程监测中心。给出了该模型的系统结构,并对其各部分的作用和技术实现做了简单分析。     

基于ARM7和DS18B20的合成氨塔内温度在线检测系统

为了提高氨的产率和质量,对合成氨塔内温度进行多点温度在线检测是非常必要的。本文以ARM7处理器LPC2292、实时嵌入式操作系统μC/OS-Ⅱ和数字温度传感器DS18B20为基础,介绍了塔内温度在线检测硬件和软件系统的结构设计。实验结果表明:本系统能够及时、准确地把检测到的温度在液晶显示屏显示出来,及时对塔内温度进行调节,成功地实现了合成氨塔内多点温度的检测,并且数据传输的速度在原来的基础上提高3倍。