大型汽轮发电机转子材料26Cr2Ni4MoV钢疲劳性能的研究

本文研究了大型汽轮发电机转子材料26Cr2Ni4MoV钢的疲劳性能。疲劳裂纹扩展门槛值△K_(th)和扩展速率da/dn的试验结果表明.应力比R严重影响门槛值△K_(th)和扩展速率da/dn。随着应力比的增加,门槛值下降。通过应变片法测量出裂纹尖端的闭合载荷,用裂纹闭合机制合理解释了应力比R对门槛值△K_(th)扩展速率da/dn的影响,提出了门槛值和扩展速率随应力比变化规律。     

1Cr17Ni2不锈钢平衡组织的预测及控制

1Cr 17Ni2不锈钢属于火电大机组零部件所采用的材料之一,因其组织中易产生铁素体而使钢的热加工工艺性能和热处理工艺性能下降。采用Thermo Calc软件对不同条件下1Cr 17Ni2不锈钢的平衡组织进行了定量计算,分析了温度和化学成分两因素对钢的平衡组织的影响规律,在此基础上提出了1Cr 17Ni2 不锈钢化学成分的控制范围和热加工及热处理的温度规范。结果表明,Thermo Calc预测结果与现有试验数据基本上吻合,可以用于指导1Cr 17Ni2 不锈钢的生产和使用。表1参9     

Investigation of novel anthracene‐bridged carbazoles as sensitizers and Co‐sensitizers for dye‐sensitized solar cells

Novel anthracene‐bridged carbazole organic dyes (designated ML4 and ML5) were synthesized using the Suzuki coupling reaction. These dyes were designed to be donor‐π‐conjugation‐acceptor sensitizers for dye‐sensitized solar cells, where the carbazole moiety acts as the donor, the anthracene moiety provides the π‐conjugation, and the cyano acrylic acid acts as the acceptor. Solar cells were fabricated with ML4 and ML5 alone with low power conversion efficiencies, but they were also used as co‐sensitizers with N719, improving the efficiency of the dye‐sensitized solar cells produced by ~3% and ~10%, respectively. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

OFDM系统中基于压缩传感理论的信道估计算法

信道估计是OFDM系统中的一项关键技术,信道估计质量的好坏对整个系统的性能有重要的影响。传统的最小均方算法对稀疏信道进行估计时存在精确性差的缺陷。本文利用信道冲激响应的稀疏性,提出了一种基于近似l₀范数的信道估计算法。该算法用三种函数逼近l₀范数,应用梯度下降法和梯度投影算法获得代价函数的最优解,从而得到信道的最稀疏解。仿真实验结果表明:在相同条件下,与基于l₁范数的信道估计算法比较,本文算法的收敛速度快,估计值信噪比高,且均方误差小。      

Surface leakage current analysis of ion implanted ZnS-passivated n-on-p HgCdTe diodes in weak inversion

Effects of fixed charge on R₀A value of ZnS-passivated x=0.3 HgCdTe n-on-p diode are explained as a shunt resistance that affects current-voltage (I-V) and dynamic resistance-voltage (Rd-V) characteristics. The fixed charge of 1×10¹¹/cm² to 2 × 10¹¹/cm² which is usually obtained with ZnS passivation makes the surface weakly inverted and reduces HgCdTe diode R₀A value owing to the short generation lifetime of HgCdTe substrate. The gate-controlled diode and specially fabricated diode are used to explain the surface leakage current in the weak inversion and charge sheet model is used to explain the characteristics. It is found that the surface leakage current by the inverted channel in the weak inversion can reduce R₀A more than other currents such as the generation current and tunneling current which are usually used to explain the surface leakage current of HgCdTe diode.     

Structural Aspects of P2-Type Na0.67Mn0.6Ni0.2Li0.2O2 (MNL) Stabilization by Lithium Defects as a Cathode Material for Sodium-Ion Batteries

A known strategy for improving the properties of layered oxide electrodes in sodium-ion batteries is the partial substitution of transition metals by Li. Herein, the role of Li as a defect and its impact on sodium storage in P2-Na_0.67Mn_0.6Ni_0.2Li_0.2O₂ is discussed. In tandem with electrochemical studies, the electronic and atomic structure are studied using solid-state NMR, operando XRD, and density functional theory (DFT). For the as-synthesized material, Li is located in comparable amounts within the sodium and the transition metal oxide (TMO) layers. Desodiation leads to a redistribution of Li ions within the crystal lattice. During charging, Li ions from the Na layer first migrate to the TMO layer before reversing their course at low Na contents. There is little change in the lattice parameters during charging/discharging, indicating stabilization of the P2 structure. This leads to a solid-solution type storage mechanism (sloping voltage profile) and hence excellent cycle life with a capacity of 110 mAh g^-1 after 100 cycles. In contrast, the Li-free compositions Na_0.67Mn_0.6Ni_0.4O₂ and Na_0.67Mn_0.8Ni_0.2O₂ show phase transitions and a stair-case voltage profile. The capacity is found to originate from mainly Ni³⁺/Ni⁴⁺ and O^2-/O^2-δ redox processes by DFT, although a small contribution from Mn⁴⁺/Mn⁵⁺ to the capacity cannot be excluded.     

利用Ni纳米岛模板制备半极性晶面GaN纳米柱

报道了在GaN表面以Ni纳米岛结构作为模板,利用电感耦合等离子(ICP)刻蚀制备GaN纳米柱的研究结果。原子力显微镜(AFM)测试结果表明,金属Ni薄膜在快速热退火(RTA)作用下形成了平均直径和高度大约分别为325 nm和70 nm的纳米岛状结构。通过电子扫描显微镜(SEM)照片看出,以GaN表面所形成的Ni纳米岛作为模板图形,通过控制ICP刻蚀时间,在一定的刻蚀时间内(2 min)获得有序的并拥有半极性晶面的GaN纳米柱阵列。这种新颖的半极性GaN纳米柱作为氮化物量子阱或者超晶格结构的生长模板,可以有效减小甚至消除极化效应,提高光电子器件的效率和性能。     

基于流密码算法构造跳频序列簇

跳频序列的性能对跳频通信系统性能有着决定性的影响.本文基于密码学的流密码加密机制,提出构造一种跳频序列簇的方法.文中以蓝牙技术采用的E0流加密算法为例,对输出的二进制加密流进行多位组合构成跳频序列的频隙号.并在此基础上对产生的跳频序列从安全性,均匀性,线性复杂度,汉明相关性等各个方面进行了全面的理论分析和计算机仿真,证明基于流密码算法产生的跳频序列族有着优秀的性能,完全满足跳频序列簇的要求.     

基于0-1背包问题的两种算法

0-1背包问题是组合优化领域里的一个典型问题,是属于易于描述却难于解决的NP难题,有效解决0-1背包问题具有重要意义。首先给出了0-1背包问题的描述,然后详细介绍了回溯法和分支限界法的算法思想和搜索策略,并对两种算法进行了比较和分析。     

纳米β-Ni(OH)2与球型Ni(OH)2的热性能比较研究

用配位沉淀法合成出纳米级Ni（OH）2，并对其进行XRD，TEM，DSC分析，分析结果表明，所得纳米β-Ni（OH）2为可用作电极材料的β-Ni（OH）2，粒径为30－40nm，且热分解温度比普通球镍低10℃左右，摩尔分解热比普通球镍低4－7kJ，从理论上分析了产生此现象的原因。