45CrNiMoVA高速切削条件下本构关系建模技术研究

为建立连续介质材料高速切削的材料本构关系模型,以45Cr Ni Mo VA材料为研究对象,通过准静态扭转试验和直角自由切削试验相结合的方法,建立了满足高速切削仿真要求的45Cr Ni Mo VA材料的Johnson-Cook本构模型.采用建立的Johnson-Cook本构模型参数,利用ABAQUS有限元分析软件建立了直角自由切削的有限元模型,对切削过程中的切屑厚度、主切削力、进给抗力进行了仿真,并将仿真预测值同试验测量值进行了对比.结果表明:由于切削仿真过程中刀具不存在磨损,进给抗力的仿真误差较大;主切削力和切屑厚度的仿真预测值与试验测量值的误差在10%之内,模型的准确度较好.最后,利用VB和C语言,开发了Johnson-Cook材料本构集成建模系统,并验证了其使用效果的实用性.     

A proteomic analysis of green and white sturgeon larvae exposed to heat stress and selenium

Temperature and selenium are two environmental parameters that potentially affect reproduction and stock recruitment of sturgeon in the San Francisco Bay/Delta Estuary. To identify proteins whose expression is modified by these environmental stressors, we performed a proteomic analysis on larval green and white sturgeons exposed to 18 or 26 °C and micro-injected with Seleno-L-Methionine to reach 8 µg g⁻¹ selenium body burden, with L-Methionine as a control. Selenium and high temperature induced mortalities and abnormal morphologies in both species, with a higher mortality in green sturgeon. Larval proteins were separated by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and differential abundances were detected following spot quantitation and hierarchical cluster analysis. In green sturgeon, 34 of 551 protein spots detected on gels showed a variation in abundance whereas in white sturgeon only 9 of 580 protein spots were differentially expressed (P < 0.01). Gel replicates were first grouped according to heat treatment. Fifteen of these spots were identified using MALDI TOF/TOF mass spectrometry. Proteins involved in protein folding, protein synthesis, protein degradation, ATP supply and structural proteins changed in abundance in response to heat and/or selenium. 40S ribosomal protein SA, FK506-binding protein 10, 65 kDa regulatory subunit A of protein phosphatase 2, protein disulfide isomerase, stress-induced-phosphoprotein 1, suppression of tumorigenicity 13 and collagen type II alpha 1, were differentially expressed in high temperature treatment only. Serine/arginine repetitive matrix protein 1, creatine kinase, serine peptidase inhibitor Kazal type 5 and HSP90 were sensitive to combined temperature and selenium exposure. Valosin-containing protein, a protein involved in aggresome formation and in protein quality control decreased more than 50% in response to selenium treatment. Potential use of such proteins as biomarkers of environmental stressors in larval sturgeons could indicate early warning signals preceding population decline.     

300tonx72mH45M起重机大车从动轮组有限元分析

针对目前起重机的设计试验现状,提出了利用SolidWorks结合Simulation对300tonx72mH45M起重机大车运行机构从动轮组进行三维建模和空间受力分析,从而在一定程度上替代实际工程试验并突破其局限性的方法。利用计算机辅助分析方法对300tonx72mH45M大车运行机构从动轮组进行试验仿真研究,从而为设计300tonx72mH45M起重机及其重要结构件提供信息,以解决样机试验中存在的问题。     

Kanalanschlusspflicht; Ausnahmen; Dreikammerkl?ranlage; Stand der Technik; offenkundige Tatsachen

Dreikammerkl?ranlagen entsprechen offenkundig nicht dem Stand der Technik. Da offenkundige Tatsachen keines Beweises bedürfen, ist kein Sachverst?ndigengutachten erforderlich.     

Multiplex qualitative PCR assay for identification of genetically modified canola events and real-time event-specific PCR assay for quantification of the GT73 canola event

Genetically modified (GM) canola is the most widely grown oilseed crop in Canada. At this time, commercially produced GM canola cultivars in Canada have the events GT73/RT73 and Ms8xRf3. Commercial seed sale of canola cultivars containing the GM events such as OXY235 and T45 has been discontinued. Adventitious presence of GM seeds and grains in non-GM grains is a concern for international grain trade, and development of effective detection methods is important. A multiplex qualitative PCR procedure was established for the detection of the GM canola events OXY235, Ms8xRf3, T45 and GT73. The presence of the GM canola events was also successfully detected in ground spiked wheat and barley grain samples prepared at 0.1%, 0.5% and 1.0% levels (w/w). The GT73 real-time PCR assay was successfully used to quantify DNA extracted from spiked ground canola samples consisting of 5%, 1%, 0.5% and 0.1% GT73 (w/w).     

Numerical Verification of Solutions of Nekrasov’s Integral Equation

This paper describes numerical verification of solutions of Nekrasov’s integral equation which is a mathematical model of two-dimensional water waves. This nonlinear and periodic integral equation includes a logarithmic singular kernel which is typically found in some two-dimensional potential problems. We propose the verification method using some properties of the singular integral for trigonometric polynomials and Schauder’s fixed point theorem in the periodic Sobolev space. A numerical example shows effectiveness of the present method.     

Bad Lattice Points

We introduce and discuss the term “bad lattice points” which can be seen as a counterpart to the method of good lattice points for Monte Carlo and quasi-Monte Carlo integration. We show several examples of the occurrence of bad lattice points in the latter fields and perform a computer search for such point sets. An erratum to this article is available at .     

一种关于AutoCAD软件快速绘制三视图的作图方法

在绘制形体的三视图时,如果已知两个视图,要绘制的第三视图是左视图或者是俯视图,常用的作图方法是使用一条45°辅助线。这种作图法被习惯性地应用到Auto CAD软件绘图教学中。在Auto CAD软件绘图环境中这种传统的方法绘图效率低。文中通过实例提出一种应用于Auto CAD绘图环境下绘制三视图的作图方法,这种新的作图方法的原理是基于将传统45°辅助线作图法中俯视图、左视图相应尺寸的"宽相等",转化为相应尺寸的"长对正"或"高平齐"的过程。新方法比传统45°辅助线作图法更加简单、直接,且效率高。     

微量钒钛对ZG45MnVTi耐磨料磨损性能的影响

以ZG45Mn钢为对比材料,研究了含微量钒钛元素的ZG45Mn VTi钢在冲击载荷下的磨料磨损性能。研究发现:微量钒钛极大地细化了材料的组织,材料的硬度提高了25%,强度提高了50%;在1 J、2 J和3 J的冲击载荷下,以石英砂为磨料,ZG45Mn VTi比ZG45Mn钢的耐磨料磨损性能提高了1倍左右。研究结果表明:微量钒钛对ZG45Mn VTi钢的耐磨料磨损性能的贡献在于因回火马氏体组织的显著细化导致强度、硬度的提高。     

45钢表面化学镀Ni-B涂层的耐蚀性及摩擦学性能

针对45钢在海水环境中耐蚀性及耐磨性能差的问题,采用化学镀技术在45钢表面上构筑Ni-B涂层,利用扫描电子显微镜、原子力显微镜、X射线衍射仪和硬度计对涂层表面形貌、晶体结构和硬度进行表征,通过电化学动电位极化评估涂层的耐蚀性能,并考察涂层在3.5%NaCl溶液下的减摩和耐磨性能。结果表明:钢表面上化学镀Ni-B涂层呈"花瓣"状的非晶态结构,在3.5%NaCl溶液中的自腐蚀电位为-0.47V,相对于基体提高了0.06V,自腐蚀电流密度为8.991×10-6 A/cm2,相对于基体下降近两个数量级。同时,在3.5%NaCl溶液下,Ni-B涂层的摩擦因数相对于基体下降0.1,磨损宽度更窄。