全文获取类型
收费全文 | 39358篇 |
免费 | 2798篇 |
国内免费 | 2276篇 |
专业分类
电工技术 | 1364篇 |
综合类 | 2180篇 |
化学工业 | 12913篇 |
金属工艺 | 3871篇 |
机械仪表 | 1104篇 |
建筑科学 | 3159篇 |
矿业工程 | 553篇 |
能源动力 | 1165篇 |
轻工业 | 2018篇 |
水利工程 | 131篇 |
石油天然气 | 1353篇 |
武器工业 | 308篇 |
无线电 | 3553篇 |
一般工业技术 | 5394篇 |
冶金工业 | 1589篇 |
原子能技术 | 748篇 |
自动化技术 | 3029篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 114篇 |
2023年 | 581篇 |
2022年 | 1315篇 |
2021年 | 1347篇 |
2020年 | 1094篇 |
2019年 | 990篇 |
2018年 | 840篇 |
2017年 | 1196篇 |
2016年 | 1403篇 |
2015年 | 1352篇 |
2014年 | 1843篇 |
2013年 | 2088篇 |
2012年 | 2271篇 |
2011年 | 2965篇 |
2010年 | 2179篇 |
2009年 | 2625篇 |
2008年 | 2072篇 |
2007年 | 2579篇 |
2006年 | 2372篇 |
2005年 | 1870篇 |
2004年 | 1564篇 |
2003年 | 1575篇 |
2002年 | 1310篇 |
2001年 | 1005篇 |
2000年 | 912篇 |
1999年 | 769篇 |
1998年 | 570篇 |
1997年 | 415篇 |
1996年 | 378篇 |
1995年 | 309篇 |
1994年 | 282篇 |
1993年 | 241篇 |
1992年 | 216篇 |
1991年 | 190篇 |
1990年 | 164篇 |
1989年 | 123篇 |
1988年 | 98篇 |
1987年 | 98篇 |
1986年 | 111篇 |
1985年 | 109篇 |
1984年 | 96篇 |
1983年 | 81篇 |
1982年 | 80篇 |
1981年 | 91篇 |
1980年 | 78篇 |
1978年 | 72篇 |
1977年 | 73篇 |
1976年 | 88篇 |
1975年 | 86篇 |
1974年 | 70篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
Novel calix[4]arene‐poly(ethylene glycol) crosslinked polymer (CCP) has been synthesized by the polycondensation reaction between a p‐tert‐butylcalix[4]arene derivative and dihydroxyl capped poly(ethylene glycol) (DHPEG, Mn = 1000) catalyzed by neodymium tosylate. The hydrogel, consisted of 66.9% water and 33.1% CCP, can selectively extract aromatic organic molecules from aqueous solution according to the diameter of the guest molecules, which infers that the diameter of the calix[4]arene cavity is about 5.4 Å and the conformation of calix[4]arene units altered from cone conformation to 1,3‐alternate conformation during the polycondensation reaction. Furthermore, CCP can also adsorb naphthalene from gas phase, showing much higher capacity than active carbon does, which may have some potential applications in the field of separation and environment protection. © 2008 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci, 2008 相似文献
92.
The 4-alkoxybenzoic acids are well-known liquid crystals showing several mesophases(nematic,smectic C phase or both)depending on the alkoxy chain length and whereby the rigid core of the mesogen is formed by intermolecular hydrogen bonds.In this paper it is shown that the thermal behaviour of lanthanide salts of 4-hexyloxybenzoic acids depends on the lanthanide ion(Ln=La,Pr,Nd,Sm,Eu).The lanthanum(Ⅲ)and praseodymium(Ⅲ)4-hexyloxybenzoates exhibit a smectic A mesophase.No mesophase is found for the corresponding compounds of heavier lanthanides.The thermal properties of the lanthanide(Ⅲ)4-hexyloxybenzoates were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry(DSC),polarising thermo-optical microscopy and synchrotron X-ray radiation. 相似文献
93.
以3-碘苯甲酸为原料,在浓硫酸作用下与乙醇反应制得3-碘苯甲酸乙酯(1),再以无水乙醇为溶剂,在105℃化合物1与80%的水合肼反应8 h,制得3-碘苯甲酰肼(2)。在无水乙醇中,在90~95℃化合物2分别与4-甲基苯甲醛、2-氯苯甲醛、4-氯苯甲醛、4-羟基苯甲醛、2,4-二氯苯甲醛、4-甲氧基苯甲醛、3-硝基苯甲醛、4-硝基苯甲醛和4-二甲氨基苯甲醛反应得到相应的酰腙[3(a~i)]。最后化合物3(a~i)分别与丙酸酐脱水环化成了3-N-丙酰基-2-芳基-5-(3-碘苯基)-1,3,4-(口恶)唑啉类化合物[4(a~i)],收率分别为86.2%,70.5%, 80.1%,68.2%,62.4%,75.2%,73.2%,70.5%和63.2%。并通过元素分析,IR,1H NMR和MS对化合物4(a~i)的结构进行了表征。 相似文献
94.
Evaggelia D. Tzika Vassiliki Papadimitriou Theodore G. Sotiroudis Aristotelis Xenakis 《European Journal of Lipid Science and Technology》2008,110(2):149-157
The autoxidation at alkaline pH and enzymatic oxidation by mushroom tyrosinase of oleuropein, the dominant biophenol present in the fruits and leaves of Olea europea, was followed by both electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and absorption spectroscopy. For comparison, the same oxidation processes were applied to 4‐methylcatechol, a simple polyphenol present in olive mill wastewaters. EPR spectra of stable o‐semiquinone radicals produced during autoxidation at pH 12 and short‐lived o‐semiquinone free radicals produced during autoxidation at pH 9.0 or tyrosinase action and stabilized by chelation with a diamagnetic metal ion (Mg2+) were recorded for both polyphenols, and the corresponding hyperfine splitting constants were determined. The UV‐Vis spectral characteristics of the oxidation of polyphenols were highly dependent on the type of polyphenol, oxidant type and the pH of the reaction. The kinetic behavior of tyrosinase in the presence of oleuropein and 4‐methylcatechol was followed by recording spectral changes at 400 nm (absorption maximum) over time. The tysosinase activity with oleuropein showed a pronounced pH optimum at pH 6.5 and a minor one around pH 8. From the data analysis of the initial rate at pH 6.5, the kinetic parameters Km = 0.34 ± 0.03 mM and Vmax = 0.029 ± 0.002 ΔA400 min–1 were determined for oleuropein. 相似文献
95.
Mesoporous GaSBA-15 molecular sieves with different nSi/nGa ratios have been directly synthesized using Pluronic 123 triblock polymer as a structure-directing agent by pH-adjusting method. The mesoporous materials have been characterized using ICP-AES, XRD, N2 adsorption, 71Ga-MAS NMR, SEM and TEM. ICP-AES studies show a high amount of gallium incorporation on the silica pore walls. The structural and textural properties of calcined GaSBA-15 are characterized by XRD and N2 adsorption. 71Ga MAS NMR results demonstrate that a high amount of tetrahedral-gallium could be substituted for Si in the framework of SBA-15. TEM and FE-SEM images show the uniform pore diameter and rope-like hexagonal mesoporous structure of GaSBA-15. These GaSBA-15 materials have been used as catalysts for vapour-phase t-butylation of 1,2-dihydroxybenzene (DHB) for selective synthesis of 4-t-butylcatechol (4-TBC) under different reaction conditions. GaSBA-15(10) gave the highest 93.2% conversion of DHB and 95.7% selectivity of 4-TBC as compared with other GaSBA-15 catalysts. 相似文献
96.
报道以甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯与甲基丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物为载体膜材料,研制成非酶标记的T4免疫传感器,并对载体膜材料的共聚方法及共聚物共聚比与传感器灵敏度的关系进行了探讨。 相似文献
97.
通过力学性能评估和金相组织观察,研究五种热处理制度,两个周期的试验结果,确定了K418B合金细晶铸造整体涡轮的真空热处理工艺。 相似文献
98.
An ordering of magnesium is observed in the as-synthesized MAPO-36 molecular sieve. Upon calcination, part of the magnesium is removed from the sample and part occupies extraframework positions thus rendering a random distribution of magnesium in the lattice. The shoulder observed in the31P spectrum of the calcined sample is assigned to P(3Al, 1Mg) sites in conflict with the earlier assignment to P-OH groups. The bridging hydroxyl groups located at these sites are detected in the1H MAS spectrum at 3.6 ppm. Further, MAPO-36 catalyzed acetone conversion to mesityloxide that cracked at elevated temperature to yield acetic acid and aliphatics. 相似文献
99.
Heat-shock induction of heat-shock protein genes is due to a specific promoter element (the heat-shock element, HSE). This study used lacZ under HSE control (HSE-lacZ) to characterize HSE activity in Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells of different physiological states and differing genetic backgrounds. In batch fermentations HSE-lacZ induction by heat shock was maximal in exponential growth, and showed marked decline with the approach to stationary phase. Expression in the absence of heat shock was unaffected by growth phase, indicating that the growth-dependent expression of many yeast heat-shock genes uses promoter elements in addition to the HSE. Heat-induced expression was strongly influenced by the temperature at which cultures were grown. While basal, uninduced expression was constant during growth at different temperatures to 30 degrees C, induction by transfer to 39 degrees C was reduced by increases in growth temperature as low as 18-24 degrees C. Maximal HSE-lacZ induction (30- to 50-fold) was in cultures grown at low temperatures (18-24 degrees C), then heat shocked at 39 degrees C. Ethanol was a poor inducer. Mutations having little effect on HSE-lacZ expression included a respiratory petite; ubi4 (which inactivates the poly-ubiquitin gene); also ubc4 and ubc5 (which each inactivate one of the ubiquitin ligases involved in degradation of aberrant protein). pep4-3 increased both basal and induced beta-galactosidase about two-fold, probably because of slower turnover of this enzyme in pep4-3 strains. 相似文献
100.
双噁唑啉化合物对PBT的增粘作用 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
以2.2'-双(2-唑啉)和双(2-唑啉基)苯作扩链剂,用焙融挤出的方法,对聚对苯二甲酸丁二酯(PBT)进行扩链,考察扩链剂的用量、反应时间和反应温度对PBT的特性粘度及端羧基含量(CV)的影响。结果表明,当用2,2'-双(2-唑啉)作扩链剂时,PBT的特性粘度[η]从0.799提高到0.926dL/g,CV降至5eq/10 ̄6g以下;当用双(2- 唑啉基)苯作扩链剂,[η]从0.763增至0.925dL/g,CV降至10eq/10 ̄6g以下,达到了较满意的扩链效果。 相似文献