在线自学与考试系统的设计

本文将现有的在线自学与在线考试系统相结合,设计出一个具备教学与测试的完整的学习系统,并实现学习者学习进度记录、进度相互比较及经验交流等功能,使学习者在学习过程中并不孤独。     

Technique,muscle activity and kinematic differences in young adults texting on mobile phones

The aim of this study was to investigate whether there are differences in technique between young adults with and without musculoskeletal symptoms when using a mobile phone for texting and whether there are differences in muscle activity and kinematics between different texting techniques. A total of 56 young adults performed a standardised texting task on a mobile phone. Their texting techniques were registered using an observation protocol. The muscular activity in six muscles in the right forearm/hand and both shoulders were registered by surface electromyography and the thumb abduction/adduction and flexion/extension were registered using a biaxial electrogoniometer. Differences in texting techniques were found between the symptomatic and the asymptomatic group, with a higher proportion of sitting with back support and forearm support and with a neutral head position in the asymptomatic group. Differences in muscle activity and kinematics were also found between different texting techniques. The differences in texting technique between symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects cannot be explained by them having symptoms but may be a possible contribution to their symptoms.

Statement of Relevance: There has been a dramatically increased use of mobile phones for texting especially among young people during the last years. A better understanding of the physical exposure associated with the intensive use is important in order to prevent the development of musculoskeletal disorders and decreased work ability related to this use.     

Lower back muscle forces in pushing and pulling

Abstract

In the investigation of lower back stress, the muscle forces of the erector spinae and the rectus abdominis are often calculated using the two-dimensional biomechanical model. These muscle forces are used to estimate the compressive forces at L5/S1 disc This paper presents a study of the muscle forces predicted by a two-dimensional biomechanical model during pushing and pulling and myoelectric activity from the corresponding muscles. The goal was to investigate whether a simple two muscle torso model would reasonably estimate the muscle actions in pushing and pulling tasks. Six subjects participated in the experiment. EMG (rms) value was used as an indicator of muscle forces. The results show high correlation between the predicted muscle forces and the measured root-mean-square EMG values in trunk pushing and pulling (r²=0.93) and hand pushing and pulling (r²=0.96) in an erect posture with hips braced but low in hand pushing and pulling using a free posture (r²=0.37).     

Elementary students' participation style in synchronous online communication and collaboration

This research investigated how differently elementary school students participate in synchronous online collaborative learning by analysing their discussions with their partners. Two hundred and seventy-eight Taiwanese students, ranging in age from 11 to 12 years old, were involved in this study. The students were randomly arranged within-class into three-member groups. Each group used a collaborative learning system to discuss and accomplish a group assignment (creating a shared concept map). The textual discussions by each individual student were collected, categorised and accumulated. Cluster analysis was adopted to statistically classify students based on their discussion characteristics. We found that a student, while participating in online collaboration and communication, exhibited a distinct style: less contributing, coordination emphasising, communicative or task-oriented. In addition, students exhibiting the task-oriented pattern and students predominantly showing communicative behaviours were found to have better learning performance and retain more knowledge than students observed to be coordination emphasising or less contributing within group collaboration.     

基于物联网与3G整合的电子商务应用资金流探析

文章在简要介绍物联网与3G网络的基础上,阐述了物联网与3G整合背景下电子商务资金流所具备的特点,进而论述了此背景下资金流的优化和作用,最后重点分析了整合背景下电子商务资金流的两个应用案例。     

知识管理与知识传播——论图书馆学与传播学的融合

在图书馆用户导向的服务理念下,知识管理与知识传播将会是图书馆发展的两项重要工作,吸收和借鉴传播学的理论和实践是图书馆做好知识传播工作的关键。从图书馆学与传播学共同面对的知识和信息入手,阐述了图书馆和传播学的历史渊源、理论和实践的融合。     

逆演绎学习算法在智能通信网中的应用

在智能通信网的学习过程中,针对传统归纳演绎学习的困难,提出一种逆演绎的学习算法。从学习任务和逻辑程序角度出发,研究逆演绎学习算法的规则、霍恩状态函子和激励信息等问题,并利用逆演绎的学习算法实现了智能通信网的学习推理系统。测试结果表明,该算法能高效地归纳出逻辑程序。     

基于普适计算的虚拟场景自适应网络发布研究

针对移动设备访问三维虚拟场景受到网络带宽和终端计算能力的制约,使得在线利用虚拟现实进行移动学习效率不高,基于此提出了基于普适计算的自适应优化选择技术.对三维实体进行本体语义描述,建立相应的优化模型.在此基础上通过WURFL对手持移动设备进行采样获取设备参数,对参数进行分析从而建立普适规则,利用普适计算进行自适应优化选择.测试结果表明,经过自适应选择后手持移动设备荻取三维虚拟场景资源的速度和效率得到明显提高.     

无线传感器网络节点移动路径优化方法

为解决移动传感器修复网络覆盖空洞时最优级联移动路径的选择问题,综合考虑中间级联节点的个数和能量,提出了选择级联移动路径的优化方法.该方法通过计算中间级联节点的能量可用率,进一步得出各路径的能量可用率和决定性能量,从多目标优化的角度来选择最优的级联移动路径,有效均衡了各移动传感器的能耗,充分利用了整个网络的能量,从而延长了网络的生存时间.仿真结果表明,该优化方法比标准的级联移动方法有更高的网络能量使用效率.     

一种基于剩余能量和负载的AODV路由协议

移动自组网中的按需距离矢量路由协议(AODV)是基于最小跳数的,没有考虑能量消耗均衡及网络生命周期的问题,造成某些节点过早死亡。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于剩余能量和节点缓存队列负载的路由协议,有效地避免了能量较低和负载较重的节点参与路由。仿真实验结果表明,所提出的新协议有效地减少了端对端平均延时,延长了网络生命周期。