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91.
The effects of oxidation/reduction regeneration treatments, with and without 1,2-dichloropropane present as a chlorinating agent, on the structure of Pt(3%)–Sn(4.5%)/Al2O3 catalysts have been correlated with selectivities for butane/H2 reactions. Particles of Pt0 fin Cl-free catalysts were partly covered by Sn0, but retained exposed ensembles of Pt atoms which were active for isomerisation, hydrogenolysis and dehydrogenation reactions, the latter becoming dominant at high reaction temperatures. Coking reduced Pt ensemble size and, hence, also favoured high selectivities for dehydrogenation as hydrogenolysis and isomerisation sites became poisoned. In contrast, the addition of 1,2-dichloropropane in an oxychlorination step before reduction promoted 1:1 Pt0–Sn0 alloy formation after reduction, the proportion of the total Pt in alloy being enhanced by increasing 1,2-dichloropropane concentration and oxychlorination temperature. The alloy surfaces were inactive for isomerisation and hydrogenolysis reactions, giving dehydrogenation as the sole catalytic reaction. 相似文献
92.
高耐蚀性Zn—Co合金镀层钝化工艺的研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了电镀Zn-Co合金镀层的钝化液的组成及工艺条件,溶液各成分及工艺条件对钝化膜质量的影响,通过几种腐蚀试验方法,测量了钝化膜的耐蚀性,结果表明,研究的钝化工艺可以得到耐蚀性良好的钝化膜。 相似文献
93.
To model the molten globule structure of -lactalbumin, moleculardynamics (MD) simulations were carried out for the protein inexplicit water at high temperature. In these simulations, long-rangeCoulomb interactions were evaluated explicitly with an originalmethod (particleparticle and particlecell: PPPC)to avoid artifacts caused by the cut-off. The MD simulationswere started from two initial conditions to verify that similarresults would be obtained. From the last 150 ps trajectoriesof the two MD simulations, two partially unfolded average structureswere obtained. These structures had the following common structuralfeatures which are characteristic of the molten globule state.The radii of gyration for these conformations were 7.4 and 9.6%larger than that of the native state. These values were almostthe same as the experimental value (9.6%) observed recentlyby small-angle X-ray scattering (Kataoka,M., Kuwajima,K., Tokunaga,F.and Goto,Y., 1997, Protein Sci., 6, 422430). Furthermore,aromatic residues of clusters I and II in these structures werefar apart from each other except for Try103Trp104. Thisresult is in good agreement with NMR experimental results forthe acid-denatured molten globule state (Alexandrescu et al.,1992, 1993); that is, NOE signals between the aromatic residueswere not observed, except for that of Try103Trp104 inthe molten globule state. Other structural features of thesemodels for the molten globule state are discussed with referenceto native state structures. 相似文献
94.
Xiaobao Li Richard P. K. Wells Peter B. Wells Graham J. Hutchings 《Catalysis Letters》2003,89(3-4):163-167
The premodification of a 5 wt% Pt/-Al2O3 catalyst with cinchonidine (0.01 and 0.2 g g-1
catalyst) is described and discussed. Premodification is carried out by treating the catalyst with a solution of cinchonidine followed by solvent removal. Catalysts premodified in this way give the same ee and initial rate of reaction for the enantioselective hydrogenation of ethyl pyruvate as those using the standard in situ modification procedure. Investigations of different solvents for premodification and reaction (dichloromethane, ethanol) show that it is the solvent used for the reaction that controls the observed enantioselection. Premodified catalysts also display the initial transient behavior typically observed with in situ modified catalysts in which the ee increases with conversion in the early part of the reaction. Premodified catalysts show an enhanced rate of reaction when ethanol is used as the reaction solvent compared with in situ modified catalysts under the same conditions. Premodification using aerobic conditions gives the best results and premodified catalysts can be stored prior to use for up to a week without loss of catalytic performance. 相似文献
95.
Taylor William R.; Orengo Christine A. 《Protein engineering, design & selection : PEDS》1989,2(7):505-519
A method of protein structure comparison developed previouslyis extended to incorporate other aspects of protein structurein addition to the inter-atomic vectors on which it was originallybased. Each additional aspect, which included hydrogen bonding,solvent exposure, torsional angles and sequence, was introducedseparately and evaluated for its ability to improve alignmentquality. The components were then combined, suitably weighted,to produce a more holistic comparison method. The method wastested on a group of remotely related ß/ type proteinsthat share a common feature in their overall chain fold. Theresults indicated that while the original inter-atomic vectorcomponent was sufficient to give the correct alignment of mostpairs of topologically equivalent proteins, the inclusion ofhydrogen bonds, torsion angles and a measure of solvent exposureled to improvements in the more difficult comparisons. Considerationof amino acid properties, including hydrophobicity, had no beneficialeffect. The failure of the latter component was not unexpectedconsidering the almost total lack of sequence similarity amongthe proteins considered. 相似文献
96.
Methanol extracts of the green algaUlva pertusa contain four kinds of glycerolipids that are active as feeding-stimulants for marine herbivorous gastropods. These compounds are digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG), 1,2-diacylglycerly-4-O-(N,N,N-trimethyl)-homoserine (DGTH), 1-monoacylglyceryl-4'-O-(N,N,N-trimethyl)-homoserine (MGTH), and 6-sulfoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG). The various gastropods exhibit marked specificity, however, as young abaloneHaliotis discus respond to DGDG and DGTH at minute dosages of 20–30 g/sample zone, but do not respond to 300 g of SQDG, which is a phagostimulant for two other kinds of gastropods,Turbo comutus andOmphalius pfeifferi.Chemical Studies on Phagostimulants for Marine Gastropods. Part VI. For Part V, see Sakata et al. (1986b). 相似文献
97.
探讨了磷酸体系下不同因素对废旧锂电池正极材料中有价金属浸出效率的影响,结果表明:在浸出时间60min,反应温度60℃,磷酸浓度2mol/L,液固比20mL/g,还原剂(H2O2)体积分数为4%时,可得最佳浸出效果,Co、Li、Mn、Ni浸出效率分别可达96.3%、100%、98.8%和99.5%;浸出液添加相应比例金属离子,采用草酸共沉淀法制备前体材料(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)C2O4,并得到相应再生磷酸溶液。再生磷酸进行循环浸出实验,实验研究结果表明:循环浸出5次之后Li的浸出率仍可保持在90.1%,而Co、Mn和Ni的浸出率在75.0%以上。前体添加锂源Li2CO3煅烧合成Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2材料,考察了不同温度对Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2材料合成的影响,结果显示,当合成温度为800℃时,得到的材料性能最优良,初次放电容量可达136.4mA·h/g。在0.2C下经过50圈循环后容量保持率为97.2%。 相似文献
98.
The partial oxidation of methane to synthesis gas was studied at atmospheric pressure and in the temperature range of 550–800°C over -Al2O3-supported bimetallic Pt–Co, and monometallic Pt and Co catalysts, respectively. Both methane conversion and CO selectivity over a bimetallic Pt0.5Co1 catalyst were higher than those over monometallic Pt0.5 and Co1 catalysts. Furthermore, the addition of platinum in Pt–Co bimetallic catalysts effectively improved their resistance to carbon deposition with no coking occurring on Pt0.5Co1 during 80 h reaction. The FTIR study of CO adsorption observed only linearly bonded CO on bimetallic Pt–Co catalysts. TPR and XPS showed enhanced formation of a cobalt surface phase (CSP) in bimetallic Pt–Co catalysts. The origins of the good coking resistivity of bimetallic Pt–Co catalysts were discussed. 相似文献
99.
目的研制羊布鲁菌O链M纯化抗原及其单克隆抗体。方法采用冷酚法提纯羊布鲁菌16M的O链抗原,并经琼脂糖凝胶免疫扩散和SDS-PAGE鉴定,用灭活的该抗原免疫BALB/c小鼠,制备单克隆抗体,并进行鉴定。结果建立3株分泌单克隆抗体的细胞株2D10、3C6和1E10,ELISA效价分别为1.380、1.109和1.048,与大肠杆菌0:157、小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌0:9、鼠伤寒沙门菌和猪胸膜肺炎放线杆菌均无交叉反应。3C6和1E10与牛布鲁菌544A发生交叉反应,2D10的亲和常数达5.30×10~7M~(-1)。结论已制备出纯化的羊布鲁菌O链M抗原及其单抗。 相似文献
100.
Systems of Pd supported on various La2O3-modified -Al2O3 and CeO2–Al2O3 catalysts were tested for catalytic methanol decomposition and characterized by means of XRD, BET, TPR, H2-chemisorption and CO–FTIR. The addition of lanthanum significantly improved the selectivity of CO and H2 for all the catalysts but showed a different influence on the catalytic activity in two systems. Methanol conversion decreased on La2O3-modified Pd/-Al2O3 catalysts, in line with the reduction of Pd dispersion, while the addition of La2O3 improved the dispersion of Pd and reinforced Pd–CeO2 interaction for La2O3-modified Pd/CeO2–Al2O3 catalysts, which resulted in a high production rate of CO and H2. Thus, a synergistic effect between CeO2 and La2O3 was observed on -Al2O3-supported Pd catalyst for methanol decomposition. 相似文献