自发参量下转换光场的实验研究进展综述

自发参量下转换(spontaneous parametric down-conversion,SPDC)光场是基于单色泵浦光子流和量子真空噪声对非线性晶体的综合作用而产生的,它固有的量子起源决定了在非经典光场研究中的重要地位和作用.对SPDC光场的相干特性和它在绝对测量光电探测器量子效率中的应用进行了深入而细致的研究和探讨.     

不同泵浦方式下Er3 /Yb3 共掺光纤放大器的自发辐射谱

用改进的MCVD法和湿法掺杂技术设计制作了2种不同Er^3＋、Yb^3＋浓度比的Er^3＋／Yb^3＋共掺光纤（EYDF），利用980nm和1480nm泵浦LD对Er^3＋／Yb^3＋共掺光纤放大器（EYDFA）的放大自发辐射（ASE）谱进行了研究。利用980nm LD泵浦时，这2种光纤在C波段的ASE强度都很弱，吸收系数小的EYDF在C波段的荧光强度比吸收系数大的光纤大2个量级。用1480nmLD对吸收系数大的EYDF进行泵浦，优化光纤长度，此时C波段荧光强度比用980nm泵浦时大5个量级。这是由于对于EYDF在976nm附近Yb^3＋有很强的非饱和吸收，导致能量传输效率差，因此980nmLD不适合做高浓度EYDFA的泵浦源。而1480nm泵浦时，Yb^3＋不再作为敏化剂而只起到克服成对Er^3＋间的浓度淬灭问题，同时起到提高Er^3＋在石英基光纤中的溶解度的作用。     

碳纳米管场发射冷阴极的低温制备及场发射性能

利用纳米银的低温熔接性和良好导电性,研究了以纳米银取代传统的有机粘结剂和导电银浆制备CNTs场发射冷阴极的新工艺.将CNTs、纳米银、粘性松油醇和有机溶剂混合研磨后涂敷在镀Cu玻璃基片上,250℃烧结30min后,纳米银颗粒之间互相熔接,将周围的CNTs粘结成为整体膜,形成了表面平整、导电性和场发射性能良好的CNTs阴极.测量了不同纳米银掺入量的CNTs阴极的场发射性能,结果表明:当CNTs:Ag质量比率为1:1时,CNTs阴极具有最好的场发射性能,阈值电场为4.9V/μm,当电场强度为5.7V/μm时,场发射电流密度为41mA/cm2.纳米银比例过大,烧结后CNTs被熔接的银膜覆盖,高电压时场发射电流明显下降,而纳米银掺入量太少则会导致CNTs阴极的附着力和导电性变差.     

邻苯二甲酰亚氨基酞菁锌(ZnPcS2P2)的光谱特性

测定和研究光敏剂的光谱特性,可为确定最佳治疗的光源波长提供直接依据,同时也是荧光诊断中选定检测荧光波长的理论依据．本文研究新型光敏剂邻苯二甲酰亚氨基酞菁锌（ZnPcS2P2）的光谱特性,测出ZnPcS2P2在含10%人血清生理盐水的吸收光谱和荧光发射光谱,并与血卟啉衍生物（HpD）进行比较。实验结果表明：在吸收光谱中ZnPcS2P2的最大吸收峰位于670nm,而HpD的最大的吸收峰在405nm处,所以在光动力学治疗中ZnPcS2P2比HpD效果更好。当用波长为632nm的光源激发时,从荧光发射光谱可知,HpD比ZnPcS2P2获得的荧光激发效率高。因此,HpD在光动力学诊断中有更突出的优点。     

Cooperative Effect Radiation Loss of Optical Pump Solid Laser

1 Introduction For increasing the output energy of laser, the pumping power must be enhanced. But the cooperative effect will arise and cause spontaneous radiation light in laser medium sample when the pumping power is high e- nough without the resonator. The spontaneous radiation light is coherent light between laser and fluorescent. It will compete the upper energy level population with ex- cited radiation, and the loss increase. In solid laser medium, such as Nd∶YAG, the Nd ion densityi…     

碳纳米管场发射器件新型阴极的研究

碳纳米管场发射显示器件（CNT-FFDs）中阴极的制备和表面处理一直是其中的关键环节而备受关注,本文通过光刻技术、丝网印刷技术、表面超声等流程制作带有平整电阻层的发射阴极,并对该阴极进行场发射测试,并通过扫描电镜（SEM）照片分析阴极表面,发现开启电场、发射均匀性及电流稳定性比以前未加处理的阴极有很大程度上的改善。此法适合于大面积的碳纳米管场发射显示的阴极制作。     

具有汇聚特性的场发射电子源的模拟研究

提出了一种具有汇聚特性的新型场发射阴极结构,利用有限元方法模拟计算了此种阴极结构在不同参数条件下的电场分布、电子轨迹,考察了不同参数对电子汇聚效果的影响,给出了此种场发射阴极的栅极-阴极间距、栅极宽度、阳极电压、栅极电压等基本参数对汇聚效果的影响.模拟计算结果表明,电子束的汇聚程度随着栅极-阴极间距的增大而增大,随着栅极宽度的增大而减小;电子束的汇聚程度与阳极电压、栅极电压参数密切相关,并存在最优参数.     

SiC纳米晶/非晶复合纳米纤维的制备和场发射性能研究

采用阵列碳纳米管作为模板制备出了SiC纳米晶/非晶复合纳米纤维(以下称SiC纳米纤维),并对其晶体结构、形貌和精细结构使用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)和高分辨透射电子显微镜(HR-TEM)进行了表征.比较了SiC纳米纤维和碳纳米管模板的场发射性能,研究了SiC纳米纤维直径的变化对其绝对场增强因子的影响.结果表明:SiC纳米晶/非晶复合纳米纤维具有特殊的"树状"结构,顶端及"树枝"中分布着大量的SiC纳米晶粒.SiC纳米晶粒以及特殊的分支结构增强了SiC纳米纤维的场发射性能,开启场强低至1.1 V/μm,仅为相同直径碳纳米管模板的1/2.随着SiC纳米纤维直径的减小,绝对场增强因子β0呈明显增大趋势.     

Low‐Threshold Distributed‐Feedback Lasers Based on Pyrene‐Cored Starburst Molecules with 1,3,6,8‐Attached Oligo(9,9‐Dialkylfluorene) Arms

Here, a detailed characterization of the optical gain properties of sky‐blue‐light‐emitting pyrene‐cored 9,9‐dialkylfluorene starbursts is reported; it is shown that these materials possess encouragingly low laser thresholds and relatively high thermal and environmental stability. The materials exhibit high solid‐state photoluminescence (PL) quantum efficiencies (>90%) and near‐single‐exponential PL decay transients with excited state lifetimes of ～1.4 ns. The thin‐film slab waveguide amplified spontaneous emission (ASE)‐measured net gain reaches 75–78 cm^?1. The ASE threshold energy is found to remain unaffected by heating at temperatures up to 130 °C, 40 to 50 °C above T_g. The ASE remained observable for annealing temperatures up to 170 or 200 °C. 1D distributed feedback lasers with 75% fill factor and 320 nm period show optical pumping thresholds down to 38–65 Wcm^?2, laser slope efficiencies up to 3.9%, and wavelength tuning ranges of ～40 nm around 471–512 nm. In addition, these lasers have relatively long operational lifetimes, with N_1/2 ≥ 1.1 × 10⁵ pulses for unencapsulated devices operated at ten times threshold in air.     

Template Deformation‐Tailored ZnO Nanorod/Nanowire Arrays: Full Growth Control and Optimization of Field‐Emission

Here, a facile and effective route toward full control of vertical ZnO nanorod (NR)/nanowire (NW) arrays in centimeter‐scale areas and considerable improvement of field‐emission (FE) performance is reported. Controlled deformation of colloidal crystal monolayer templates is introduced by heating near glass‐transition temperature. The NR/NW density, uniformity, and tapering were all adjusted through selection of template size and deformation, and electrolyte composition. In line with the adjustments, the field‐emission performance of the arrays is significantly improved. A low turn‐on electric field of 1.8 V µm^?1, a field‐enhancement factor of up to 5 750, and an emitting current density of up to 2.5 mA cm^?2 were obtained. These improved parameters would benefit their potential application in cold‐cathode‐based electronics.