Pressure wave propagation in air-water bubbly and slug flow

Related to nuclear reactor safety problems, such as the loss of coolant accident caused by some small crevasses in nuclear reactor, choked flows after postulated breaks of hot and cold legs of pressurized water reactors and the boiling flow instability in parallel channels, the characteristics of pressure wave propagation were investigated experimentally for the air-water bubbly and slug two-phase flow in a vertical pipe. Pressure wave was generated from the small pressure disturbance by the up-and-down movement of piston in the test section. Air void fraction was up to 0.7 and superficial liquid velocity was up to 1.5 m/s as experimental conditions. The experimental results show that the pressure wave propagation velocity in bubbly flow decreases acutely with the increase of air void fraction from 0 to 0.05. In slug flow, it is constant when the air void fraction is less than 0.5 but increases gradually when the void fraction increases beyond 0.5. The attenuation coefficient of pressure wave increases with the increase of air void fraction in bubbly flow. The dependency of pressure wave propagation velocity on angle frequency ω in air-water flow shows the dispersion characteristic. The propagation velocity and attenuation coefficient increases gradually with the increase of angle frequency. However, the increase vanishes slowly as the angle frequency reaches 250 Hz in bubbly flow. The propagation of pressure wave in bubbly flow is independent of the superficial velocity of fluids in the range of experiment.     

NY-1高功率微波辐射源功率密度的简易测量

微波的生物热效应能使蛋白质变性.蛋白质变性所需要的辐照时间取决于入射的功率密度,所以高功率微波功率密度的测量是研究微波生物效应的基础.利用纸水混合介质的介电常数,计算出微波波阻抗,利用介质和空气界面上的反射系数和介质中衰减系数以及蒸发的水的质量,从而求出入射的微波功率密度.     

区域中心的建筑几何诠释 评析普雷斯顿·斯科特·科恩的南京大学仙林校区学生活动中心设计

普雷斯顿·斯科特·科恩设计的南京大学仙林校区学生活动中心,通过建筑几何对具有向心性和终极性特征的校区核心建筑进行了诠释:内含作用力因果关系的几何体系表达了一种介于随意性和象征性之间的向心控制性;基于该体系的形态拉伸演变和丰富了建筑的时空体验,并以时间过程性重新定义终极性。设计对当地建造技术与经济现状的充分结合使这种诠释更具本土性。     

浅谈光纤到户接入工程中ODN链路的测试

本文介绍了ODN光缆的组成以及光纤到户接入工程的建设内容和建设范围, 阐述了ODN链路的测试内容和测试方法,分析了ODN链路测试的复杂性,最后对ODN链路测试的方法提出优化建议。     

短切碳纤维对3mm波衰减性能研究

采用导电纤维对电磁波衰减的理论模型,对短切碳纤维在3mm波的干扰效果进行理论计算,并在微波暗室中及野外测试了短切碳纤维对3mm波的干扰效果。结果表明:最佳纤维长度为(2±0.5)mm,最大衰减能力超过-20dB。     

数字锁相技术在光纤衰减检测中的应用

光纤衰减是光纤传输性能测试的基本参量。本文通过对光纤衰减测试原理的分析,利用数字锁相技术,通过以计算机为核心,高精度的AD转换、配以DSP技术的数字信号处理,实现了长距离光纤衰减的检测,并通过测试结果比对表明测试系统切实可行。     

噪声温度法测量微波波导器件小衰减的进一步研究

本文在噪声温度法测量小衰减的基础上，提出了Ｙ因子法和噪声温度比较法测量微波波导器件小衰减的两种新设想。     

平面光波导膜层厚度对传播损耗的影响

根据平面光波导损耗的波动理论，通过分析计算，对于传播损耗随波膜厚度的变化关系提出了新的看法，文中给出了一组以波导膜厚度为参变量的传播损耗曲线，说明在某些波导膜厚度范围内，不能有效地进行光波导传播。     

Power-aware routing based on DSR for Mobile Ad hoc NETworks

Energy consumption is a crucial design concern in Mobile Ad hoc NETworks （MANETs） since nodes are powered by batteries with limited energy, whereas Dynamic Source Routing （DSR） protocol does not take the energy limitation of MANET nodes into account. This paper proposes an energy-saving routing algorithm based on DSR： Power Aware Routing protocol based on DSR （PAR-DSR）. The design objective of PAR-DSR is to select energy-efficient paths. The main features of PAR-DSR are： （1） Nodes use the Signal Attenuation Rate （SAR） to conduct power control operations; （2） Minimum path cost as metric to balance the traffic and energy consumption of wireless nodes. The simulation results show that PAR-DSR can greatly reduce the energy consumption of MANET nodes. The average node lifetime of PAR-DSR is 50%-77% longer than that of DSR.     

对ADSL接入方式铜缆可用线对率的分析

指出了为发展ADSL而提高市话音频铜线电缆的传输质量和维护水平的必要性,分析了铜线电缆线对有关指标参数低劣的原因和对传输ADSL的影响,并提出了一些改进的意见。