仙人掌多酚超声辅助醇提工艺优化及抗氧化、降脂能力分析

采用超声波辅助方法制备仙人掌多酚提取物,以多酚含量和DPPH自由基清除率为指标,利用正交试验确定最佳提取工艺,并对仙人掌多酚提取物的抗氧化活性与降血脂能力进行评价。结果表明,仙人掌多酚最佳提取工艺为:料液比115(g/mL),乙醇浓度65%,超声温度65℃,超声时间45 min,该条件下,多酚含量为20.51μg/mL,DPPH自由基清除率为87.59%。仙人掌多酚提取物具有良好的抗氧化活性,浓度为10 mg/mL时,其羟基自由基清除能力与超氧阴离子清除能力分别达到93.35%,59.83%。仙人掌多酚提取物在pH 2和pH 7条件下与胆固醇的吸附能力分别为(10.46±0.78),(14.65±0.82)mg/g;在浓度为25mg/mL时,与甘氨胆酸钠和牛磺胆酸钠结合率分别为34.13%,28.34%。表明米邦仙人掌多酚提取物具有较好的抗氧化活性和降血脂能力。     

响应矩阵法在降水优化设计中的应用

基于解决复杂水文地质条件下矿(基)坑降水优化设计,介绍了反映地下水系统的状态变量与可控输入变量之间的脉冲与响应关系原理和构建地下水水位响应矩阵的基本方法.通过把地下水水位响应矩阵作为优化计算模型的约束条件,实现地下水模拟模型与优化模型的耦合,以求得最优疏水水量时间与空间的最佳配置.     

佛山陶瓷出口TBT预警研究综述

我国加入WTO后,技术性贸易壁垒(TBT)已经成为制约佛山陶瓷外贸出口的主要障碍之一,直接和间接地造成了巨大的经济损失。本文通过分析国内外TBT预警的研究现状,认为建立TBT预警体系势在必行,并研究了佛山陶瓷出口TBT预警的重要经济和社会意义。     

制备方法对聚乳酸/聚丙撑碳酸酯性能的影响

通过熔融共混法和溶液浇注法制备了聚丙撑碳酸酯(PPC)与聚乳酸(PLA)的共混物。采用转矩流变仪、差示扫描量热仪、扫描电子显微镜、紫外可见近红外分光光度计等对共混物进行了表征,研究了共混方法对材料性能的影响。实验结果表明:PLA/PPC为部分相容性共混物,常温下放置体系会发生物理老化;PPC的加入使共混物的水蒸气阻隔性提高,随着温度的升高,共混物的水蒸气阻隔性明显降低,特别是PPC含量多的组分;PPC的加入还使共混物拉伸强度和杨氏模量降低,断裂伸长率提高。熔融共混会造成PPC和PLA的降解,降低体系黏度;相对于溶液浇注制备的共混物,其断裂伸长率较低,水蒸气阻隔性较好。     

New printing inks with barrier performance for packaging applications: Design and investigation

Barrier properties of packaging materials against moisture and oxygen penetration are of high relevance. Enhanced protection of existing materials against weather conditions can be achieved by application of printed coatings. To improve barrier performance of packaging materials, new inks for obtaining printed coatings with a layered structure were developed and investigated. The proposed ink compositions for flexographic printing on paper substrates are based on an environmentally friendly acrylic binder and contain inorganic fillers with platelet particles incorporated in the polymer matrix. Coatings based on the developed printing inks demonstrate significantly decreased water vapour permeability compared to traditional polymer inks. The effect of decreased permeability was investigated considering inks rheological behaviour, the coating structure, mechanical properties, surface energy and water uptake for different ink formulations. The developed inks provide variable optical properties including coatings with a relatively high transparency. The development of the functional barrier inks contributes to saving natural resources by prolonging life performance of packaging materials and goods.     

Influence of montmorillonite layered silicate on plasticized poly(l-lactide) blown films

Plasticized poly(l-lactide) (PLA) montmorillonite layered silicate (MLS) nanocomposites were compounded and blown-film processed using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. PLA was mixed with 10 wt% acetyltriethyl citrate ester plasticizer and 5 wt% of an organically modified montmorillonite at various screw speeds. Wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM) determined that the compounded pellets and the blown film PLA/MLS nanocomposites were intercalated. The effect of processing screw speeds on the barrier, thermal, mechanical, and biodegradation properties of the nanocomposites were analyzed and compared to the neat polymer. Nanocomposite films show a 48% improvement in oxygen barrier and a 50% improvement in water vapor barrier in comparison to the neat PLA. The thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) showed an overall 9 °C increase in the decomposition temperature for all of the nanocomposites. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) has determined that the glass transition, cold crystallization and melting point temperatures were not significantly influenced by the presence of MLS. Mechanical properties of the nanocomposites showed that the Young's modulus increased by 20% and the ultimate elongation of the nanocomposites were not sacrificed in comparison to the neat samples. Biodegradation rates in soil were slightly greater for the PLA/MLS nanocomposite than the pure PLA. However, none of the PLA pure and nanocomposites achieved significant biodegradation levels after 180 days.     

天津地铁新开路站降压井设计与施工

首先介绍了承压水对深基坑工程的影响,其次系统阐述了天津地铁新开路站降压井的设计与施工技术要点,最后从现场监测情况分析了降水设计的合理性,以积累降压井设计施工经验,保证工程施工的顺利进行。     

冬瓜山铜矿掘进工作面强化通风与降温技术

热害是冬瓜山铜矿生产中存在的一个实际问题。在分析冬瓜山铜矿热源情况和借鉴其他矿山实践经验的前提下,提出了以加强通风降温为主的降温措施。针对巷道掘进独头工作面通风和降温要求,进行了掘进工作面强化通风设计和现场实验。现场实验表明,强化通风缩短了排炮烟的时间,大大提高了工作效率;工作而的气温从31．2℃降低到28．8℃,在通风和洒水共同作用下,降低了空气温度、相对湿度和粉尘浓度,使作业环境明显改善。风筒的百米漏风率只有3．67％,这种风筒作为压入式风筒使用时,具有很明冠的优点,值得推广,但是在强化通风的条件下,不能作为抽出式风筒使用。     

大气顶窄油环油藏屏障注水开发技术适应性研究——以渤海锦州25-1南油田Es3-I油藏为例

气顶油藏作为一类较为复杂的油气藏类型,在开发中遇到的最主要问题就是气顶气锥进,造成油井气窜,严重影响油井产能。以渤海锦州25-1南油田E_s3-I油藏为研究对象,应用数值模拟方法对屏障注水技术开发大气顶窄油环油藏的对策机理进行了系统论证,并分析了对该类油藏实施屏障注水的技术可行性以及合理屏障注水比例、注水时机等开发参数。结果表明：与衰竭开发脑及常规注水开发方式相比,屏障注水开发能显著提高此类油藏的采收率。     

Electrical characteristics of Pd Schottky contacts on ZnO films

The electrical characteristics of Pd Schottky contacts on ZnO films have been investigated by current-voltage (I–V) and capacitance–voltage (C–V) measurements at different temperatures. ZnO films of two thicknesses (400 nm and 1000 nm) were grown by DC-magnetron sputtering on n-Si substrates. The basic structural, optical and electrical properties of these films are also reported. We compared the two Schottky diodes by means of characteristic parameters, such as rectification ratio, ideality factor (η), barrier height (Φ_b) and series resistance and obtained better results for the 1000 nm-ZnO Schottky diodes. We also discussed the dependence of I‐V characteristics on temperature and the two distinct linear regions observed at low temperatures are attributed to the existence of two different inhomogeneous barrier heights. From I–V plots in a log-log scale we found that the dominant current-transport mechanism at large forward bias is space-charge limited current (SCLC) controlled by the presence of traps within the ZnO bandgap. The existence of such traps (deep states or interface states) is demonstrated by frequency-dependent capacitance and deep-level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) measurements.