准南煤田大泉湖火区地表温度反演及时空变化特征

本文采用2013~2016年每年11月份Landsat8影像数据,运用辐射传输方程(大气校正法)反演准南煤田大泉湖火区地表温度,分析该火区温度场时空变化特征。通过研究得到以下结论:在时间尺度上,研究区最高温度、平均温度和温度阈值变化趋势基本一致,最高值都出现在2016年;研究区温度异常区面积则大体上呈U型变化,2013年、2015年温度异常区面积较大;在空间尺度上,温度异常区呈东西走向不连续分布,研究期间温度异常区位置基本不变,温度异常区面积有所变化。     

Power output characteristics of a finitely segmented faraday mhd generator

Accounting for the effect of finite segmentation of electrodes as a reduction of both the electrical conductivity of the working fluid and the Hall parameter, we have derived expressions of power density for a finitely segmented Faraday MHD generator with and without considerable electrode voltage drop. While calculating the actual loading factor through the electrode voltage drop, the latter has been estimated in a finitely segmented Faraday MHD generator with and without ash in the combustion products. The results have been discussed and compared with earlier results where the considered effects are not taken into account. It is found that the effects of finite segmentation of electrodes and the electrode voltage drop modify the power output characteristics significantly.     

Olfactory responses of Stegobium paniceum to different Chinese medicinal plant materials and component analysis of volatiles

Stegobium paniceum (L.) (Coleoptera: Anobiidae) is among the major pests of stored products, causing great damage to stored Chinese medicinal plant materials (CMPMs) in China. Effective control strategies are urgently needed. The aim of this study was to explore the role of volatile organic compounds in the host preference of S. paniceum. First, the olfactory behavioral responses of S. paniceum adults to volatiles from four CMPMs (Panax notoginseng, Angelica sinensis, Gastrodia elata, and Peucedanum praeruptorum) were tested in Y-tube olfactometer experiments. Then, the volatile composition of these plant materials were analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). S. paniceum showed significant preferences for volatiles from the four CMPMs, compared with clean air (CA). When S. paniceum was presented with choices among different CMPMs, it showed the strongest preference for P. notoginseng, followed by A. sinensis, then G. elata, and P. praeruptorum. GC-MS analysis identified 43, 34, 28 and 60 components in the volatile profiles of P. notoginseng, A. sinensis, G. elata, and P. praeruptorum, respectively. Falcarinol (14.4%), 3-n-butyl phthalide (78.7%), p-cresol (40.1%), and β-pinene (29.1%) were the most abundant components of the volatiles of P. notoginseng, A. sinensis, G. elata, and P. praeruptorum, respectively. The olfactory responses of S. paniceum to the four CMPMs demonstrated that host-related volatiles play an important role in the host-searching process by adult beetles. This information will be useful for the development of safe and effective trapping strategies for this pest.     

Securing keystroke dynamics from replay attacks

Keystroke dynamics is a viable behavioral biometric technique for identity verification based on users’ keyboard interaction traits. Keystroke dynamics can help prevent credentials from being abused in case of theft or leakage. But what happens if the keystroke events are eavesdropped and being replayed? Attackers that intercept keystroke dynamics authentication sessions of benign users can easily replay them from other sources unchanged or with minor changes and gain illegitimate privileges. Hence, even with its major security advantages, keystroke dynamics can still expose authentication mechanisms to replay attacks. Although replay attack is one of the oldest techniques to manipulate authentication systems, keystroke dynamics does not help preventing it. We suggest a new protocol for dynamics exchange based on choosing a subset of real and fake information snippets shared between the client and service providers to lure potential attackers. We evaluated our method on four state-of-the-art keystroke dynamics algorithms and three publicly available datasets and showed that we can dramatically reduce the possibility of replay attacks while preserving highly accurate user verification.     

Planktonic response to light as a pollution indicator

Ecological monitoring requires sensitive and effective approaches to detecting polluting substances. One such approach involves tracking the behavioral responses of plankton that is initially adapted to normal habitat conditions. Zooplankton such as Daphnia are filter feeders that are highly sensitive to pollution. We describe how a submersible holographic camera with additional attracting lighting (at a wavelength of 532 nm) can be used to track changes of Daphnia response to light for a number of pollutants, including potassium dichromate and crude oil. Our laboratory experiments showed that the sensitivity of this method of bioanalysis is comparable to standard laboratory methods, but has the additional advantage that it can be used in real time in lakes and other water areas, and hence is more versatile than standard methods.     

地下结构及其围岩爆破地震效应

基于地下结构及其围岩的爆破震动监测,通过峰值质点振动速度及其主振动频率分析,阐述了围岩介质体中爆破地震波的传播规律,以及地下结构与围岩爆破地震效应;并就爆破震动观测结果进行了分析探讨。文中给出了比例药量与距离条件下的峰值质点振动速度衰减经验公式,分析了它们之间的关系,结果显示爆破近区的爆破地震波衰减速度要明显大于较远区域,爆破引起的质点振动速度主频集中在15~75Hz,以45Hz最为集中。峰值质点振动速度及其主频与爆破规模与爆心距密切相关,爆破地震波的衰减受传播介质体本身的物理几何特性影响很大。     

100 t顶吹转炉三维可压缩流场的数值模拟

通过利用Fluent流体软件及标准κ-ε方程模型,研究氧气压力(11.46×10⁵Pa和6.88×10⁵ Pa)及氧枪位置(1.2~1.5 m)对钢厂100 t顶吹转炉氧枪射流特性及钢液表面冲击的影响。结果表明,随氧气压力的增大,氧气在转炉内高速区范围变大,射流核心段长度变长,且气流的压能增加;氧气压力为11.46×10⁵Pa时,当枪位由1.2 m提到1.5 m时,钢液表面氧气流最大冲击速度由240 m/s降低至194 m/s,高速区面积减少,钢液凹坑深度由0.37~0.43 m降至0.30~0.36 m,同时凹坑最大直径由0.70~0.80 m增至0.80~0.95 m。     

齿轮系统动力学模型内部激励参数的优化设置研究

时变啮合刚度与齿侧间隙是齿轮传动系统的主要内部激励源,决定了齿轮系统动力学的基本特点和性质.啮合刚度的时变性影响齿轮系统的稳定性、引起系统的参数共振,齿侧间隙则引起系统强烈的非线特性.考虑时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙等激励源,建立了齿轮系统非线性动力学模型,从模型参数设置合理性的新角度阐述时变啮合刚度、齿侧间隙对系统动态特性...     

新型QTRAP~(TM)四极杆-线性离子阱串联质谱仪的特点及应用

本文介绍新型QTRAPTM 四极杆 -线性离子阱串联质谱仪的基本原理和主要性能 ;并简述在药物筛选及代谢产物分析、蛋白分析和在天然产物结构分析方面的应用     

电极材料对极间放电电压及加工特性影响

电火花加工技术具有良好的加工性能,在制造领域受到越来越多的关注,然而由于其加工理论滞后于实际生产,影响了其在实际生产中的进一步应用。选用五种不同配比电极材料进行电火花加工实验,测量其稳定加工时的间隙放电电压;并进行相应的加工特性实验,论证电极材料对极间放电电压和加工特性的影响。实验结果表明:在稳定加工中,极间放电电压基本保持不变,而且随着材料和开路电压的不同,极间放电电压随之变化,当选用Cu75W为电极材料时,极间放电电压达到最高值,从而影响了最终的加工特性。