Maximization of average number of correctly received symbols over multiple channels in the presence of idle periods

In this study, optimal channel switching (time sharing) strategies are investigated under average power and cost constraints for maximizing the average number of correctly received symbols between a transmitter and a receiver that are connected via multiple flat-fading channels with additive Gaussian noise. The optimal strategy is shown to correspond to channel switching either among at most three different channels with full channel utilization (i.e., no idle periods), or between at most two different channels with partial channel utilization. Also, it is stated that the optimal solution must operate at the maximum average power and the maximum average cost, which facilitates low-complexity approaches for obtaining the optimal strategy. For two-channel strategies, an upper bound is derived, in terms of the parameters of the employed channels, on the ratio between the optimal power levels. In addition, theoretical results are derived for characterizing the optimal solution for channel switching between two channels, and for comparing performance of single channel strategies. Sufficient conditions that depend solely on the systems parameters are obtained for specifying when partial channel utilization cannot be optimal. Furthermore, the proposed optimal channel switching problem is investigated for logarithmic cost functions, and various theoretical results are obtained related to the optimal strategy. Numerical examples are presented to illustrate the validity of the theoretical results.     

A weight-aware channel assignment algorithm for mobile multicast in wireless mesh networks

Wireless mesh networks (WMNs) are one of key technologies for next generation wireless networks. In this paper, we propose a heuristic channel assignment algorithm with weight awareness to support mobile multicast in WMNs. To enhance network throughput, our algorithm is based on the path forwarding weight to perform channel assignment. In addition to non-overlapping channels, partially-overlapping channels are also used in channel assignment. To fully exploit all available channels in channel assignment, we devise a new channel selection metric to consider the channel separation and the distance between nodes. In mobile multicast, the multicast tree structure cannot be fixed due to receiver (multicast member) mobility. The change of the multicast tree structure will result in channel re-assignment. The proposed algorithm is based on a critical-event driven manner to reduce the times of channel re-assignment as much as possible. Finally, we perform simulation experiments to show the effectiveness of the proposed channel assignment algorithm.     

A real-time probabilistic channel flood-forecasting model based on the Bayesian particle filter approach

Reliable real-time probabilistic flood forecasting is critical for effective water management and flood protection all over the world. In this study, we develop a real-time probabilistic channel flood-forecasting model by combining a channel hydraulic model with the Bayesian particle filter approach. The new model is tested in the upstream river reach of Three Gorges Dam (TGD) on the Yangtze River, China. Stage observations at seven hydrological stations are used simultaneously to adjust the Manning's roughness coefficients and to update discharges and stages along the river reach to attain reliable probabilistic flood forecasting. The synthetic experiments are applied to demonstrate the new model's correction and forecasting performances. The real-world experiments show that the new model can make accurate flood forecasting as well as derive reliable intervals for different confidence levels. The new probabilistic flood forecasting model not only outperforms the existing deterministic channel flood-forecasting models in accuracy, but also provides a more robust tool with which to incorporate uncertainty into flood-control efforts.     

MIMO two-way relay channel with superposition coding and imperfect channel estimation

This paper deals with the superposition coding (SPC) scheme in multiple-input multiple-output two-way relay channels subject to imperfect channel estimation. In this scenario, two multiple antenna terminals, which are unable to communicate directly, exchange information with each other via a multiple antenna relay. We determine the impact of the channel estimation error degradation on the achievable rate region for two main SPC techniques: (a) SPC without channel state information (CSI) at the users, (b) SPC with an imperfect CSI at the users where a waterfilling power allocation is employed. We demonstrate that imperfect CSI significantly improves the achievable rate at low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) while it becomes less critical at high SNRs. In addition, a SPC power allocation technique that incorporates the average channel statistics and does not require any instantaneous CSI is also investigated. We show how the available power is split between the two bi-directional (superimposed) data flows in order to maximize the system performance and to support fairness as well as to maximize the achievable sum-rate.     

Mitigating adjacent channel interference in vehicular communication systems

In the last few decades, dedicated wireless channels were specifically allocated to enable the development and implementation of vehicular communication systems. The two main protocol stacks, the WAVE standards proposed by the IEEE in the United States and the ETSI ITS-G5 in Europe, reserved 10 MHz wide channels in the 5.9 GHz spectrum band. Despite the exclusive use of these frequencies for vehicular communication purposes, there are still cross channel interference problems that have been widely reported in the literature. In order to mitigate these issues, this paper presents the design of a two-stage FIR low-pass filter, targeting the integration with a digital baseband receiver chain of a custom vehicular communications platform. The filter was tested, evaluated and optimized, with the simulation results proving the effectiveness of the proposed method and the low delay introduced in the overall operation of the receiver chain.     

Robust estimation in flat fading channels under bounded channel uncertainties

We investigate channel equalization problem for time-varying flat fading channels under bounded channel uncertainties. We analyze three robust methods to estimate an unknown signal transmitted through a time-varying flat fading channel. These methods are based on minimizing certain mean-square error criteria that incorporate the channel uncertainties into their problem formulations instead of directly using the inaccurate channel information that is available. We present closed-form solutions to the channel equalization problems for each method and for both zero mean and nonzero mean signals. We illustrate the performances of the equalization methods through simulations.     

Channel length influenced contribution of hole and electron trapping effect to threshold voltage stability in organic field effect transistors

Effect of channel length on hysteresis and threshold voltage shift in copper phthalocyanine (CuPc) based organic field effect transistors was studied. Contrary to expectation, longer channel length devices exhibited minimum threshold voltage shift. Influence of channel length on the contribution of hole and electron trapping to threshold voltage stability was determined. Shortest channel length devices exhibited highest electron trapping effect while longest channel devices exhibited minimum hole as well as electron trapping. Lower hole trap effect for longer channel length devices was suggested to be due to reduced longitudinal field between source and drain electrodes while minimum electron trapping was attributed to suppression of drain current by increased hole trap centres.     

面向VANETs的服务质量的一种信道分配的新算法

车辆的高速移动,导致频繁地进行呼叫切换,这就使得信道分配成为车联网VANETs( Vehicular Ad Hoc Network)中最受关注的研究热点。为此,提出一种新的信道分配算法,标记为SBC算法。该算法引用信道再使用技术( Channel Reuse Technique)、信道借用( Channel Borrowing),并依据车辆行驶的速度计算发生切换的时间,从而提高服务质量QoS( Quality of Service)。仿真结果表明,提出的SBC算法在呼叫阻塞概率、丢失率和切换时延方面表现良好的性能。     

六级预分解系统煤粉配比计算研究

以六级预热预分解系统为模板,通过物料和热量平衡计算,分析了增加入炉燃料量对系统参数的影响。结果表明,随着分解炉喂煤比例的逐渐增大。各级预热器和分解炉出口的气体温度及入窑物料温度逐渐升高。炉中煤粉燃烧率和碳酸盐分解率随炉煤比例的增大而提高,炉煤比例超过73%后,碳酸盐分解基本完成。随炉煤比例的增大,熟料产量大幅提高,热耗有所下降。但考虑到系统的稳定性,炉煤比例控制在71%~73%较为合理。