Heat spreading in a thin longitudinal fin

In view of the trend towards higher power densities in ever shrinking geometries, understanding heat spreading fundamentals is gaining importance. In this paper heat spreading in thin longitudinal geometries is considered. This geometry is of practical interest in one-dimensional Cartesian geometries. A characteristic length is derived and it is shown that this has physical significance for the distance that heat spreads, and for the total amount of heat cooled away. Furthermore, it is investigated when “thin” is a viable assumption. The use of the characteristic length is illustrated for the case of a line source cooling to a plate and for the case of the fins of a plate heatsink. The results are compared to numerical simulations. The work is an extension of the authors' earlier work on heat spreading in infinite longitudinal geometries and heat spreading in infinite and finite circular geometries.     

Recent Trends,Applications, and Perspectives in 3D Shape Similarity Assessment

The recent introduction of 3D shape analysis frameworks able to quantify the deformation of a shape into another in terms of the variation of real functions yields a new interpretation of the 3D shape similarity assessment and opens new perspectives. Indeed, while the classical approaches to similarity mainly quantify it as a numerical score, map‐based methods also define (dense) shape correspondences. After presenting in detail the theoretical foundations underlying these approaches, we classify them by looking at their most salient features, including the kind of structure and invariance properties they capture, as well as the distances and the output modalities according to which the similarity between shapes is assessed and returned. We also review the usage of these methods in a number of 3D shape application domains, ranging from matching and retrieval to annotation and segmentation. Finally, the most promising directions for future research developments are discussed.     

Touching tastes: The haptic perception transfer of liquid food packaging materials

Based on the theory of crossmodal correspondence, which addresses transfer effects from one sense to another, and research that has explored the impact of touch on taste, the present study examined how the packaging materials of traditional Chinese cold tea drinks generated touch–taste associations. Blindfolded participants used a set of tasting attribute items to evaluate the taste of a liquid food product that differed only by the materials used to contain it, although they were led to believe that the products could differ. The results of Experiment 1 suggest that consumers’ haptic perception of packing materials significantly impacted their sense of the product’s SWEET dimension, but not the product’s SOUR or BITTER dimensions. Consumers rated a liquid food product’s sense of cold and ice (sub-dimensions of SWEET) higher when it was presented in a glass container rather than in paper or organic plastic containers. However, with the cups’ weight controlled, the results of Experiment 2 revealed that consumers’ haptic perception of packing materials only significantly impacted their sense of ice, but not their sense of cold. Consumers rated a liquid food product’s sense of ice higher when it was presented in a glass container rather than in an organic plastic container. The preliminary findings of both experiments indicate a crossmodal correspondence between the touch of food packaging materials and the taste of the food contained within them. Sensation transference provides the most likely explanation for the results. Affective ventriloquism effects provide another, but less likely, explanation. The study’s implications for choosing between packaging materials for liquid food products are discussed.     

Adaptive observers for a class of uniformly observable systems with nonlinear parametrization and sampled outputs

In this paper, we propose an adaptive observer for a class of uniformly observable nonlinear systems with nonlinear parametrization and sampled outputs. A high gain adaptive observer is first designed under the assumption that the output is continuously measured and its exponential convergence is investigated, thanks to a well defined persistent excitation condition. Then, we address the case where the output is available only at (non uniformly spaced) sampling instants. To this end, the continuous-time output observer is redesigned leading to an impulsive observer with a corrective term involving instantaneous state impulses corresponding to the measured samples and their estimates. Moreover, it is shown that the proposed impulsive observer can be put under the form of a hybrid system composed of a continuous-time observer coupled with an inter-sample output predictor. Two design features are worth to be emphasized. Firstly, the observer calibration is achieved through the tuning of a scalar design parameter. Secondly, the exponential convergence to zero of the observation and parameter estimation errors is established under a well defined condition on the maximum value of the sampling partition diameter. More specifically, the observer design is firstly carried out in the case of linear parametrization before being extended to the nonlinear one. The theoretical results are corroborated through simulation results involving a typical bioreactor.     

探索校园建筑的个性特征——福州第十一中学福新支路分校规划设计

通过发掘校园的地域文化和环境特征，提高土地空间的有效利用，探索新时期校园建筑的个性特征。     

角度可调IGV控制系统的建模及分析

某型发动机可调进气口叶片(IGV)的工作原理及控制过程,建立对应的控制系统模型,经过仿真测试,所建模型具有较好的稳定性,能较好地实现对IGV角度的调节,以改善压气机的工作特性。最后,基于此模型,在不同情况下,通过系统仿真,分析IGV的角度对压气机的工作特性曲线的影响。     

粒度分布特征参数的研究

本文提出了“粒度分布特征参数”的概念,认为物料的粒度特性可以用粒度分布特征参数来精确描述;给出了粒度分布特征参数的确定方法,并且建立了相应的数学模型。     

复杂电感电路在不同频率特性下本质安全性研究的技术实现

为了探讨不同频率特性下复杂电感电路的本质安全性,利用信号发生器产生不同频率的信号,经功率放大、调压后,作为实验电路的电源,设计出新的实验电路。该电路是研究不同频率特性下复杂电感电路本质安全性的技术基础。     

浅谈大中型民营矿山企业的生产经营特点

本着有利于矿产资源开发的原则，对我国大中型民营矿山企业在生产经营过程中所涉及的矿产勘察风险投资、超常规加快基建速度、缩短投资回收期、采矿方案选择、边界品位的确定以及采选设备选型等方面进行了分析阐述，并对民营矿业作了相对客观的评价，说明了民营矿业实现的6个转变，求得健康发展的必要性。     

超级结电场分布仿真分析

为详细研究超级结体内独特的二维电场分布,通过Silvaco软件建立半导体超级结器件基本结构（超级结Pi N）,展开直观的定量仿真分析。在仿真中对漏极施加正向电压,得到电场分布图和包括电场峰值、谷值在内的多个特征点。通过连接特征点得到四类特征电场线,沿着各个特征电场线观察其电场变化,验证纵向电荷场对横向电荷场的调制作用。对传统超级结模型进行优化,添加N-缓冲层仿真出半超结P（或N）漂移区中心电场分布,并与传统结构进行对比。