我国合成树脂工业进展及面临的挑战

本文回顾了过去十年来我国合成树脂工业的发展,预测了到本世纪末以及2010年的前景,讨论了目前存在的问题及面临的挑战,提出了重要的问题是提高市场竞争力。     

Activated carbon adsorption of trichloroethylene (TCE) vapor stripped from TCE-contaminated water

Ground water contaminated with trichloroethylene (TCE) used in electronic, electric, dry cleaning and the like industries is often treated by air-stripping. In this treatment process, TCE in its vapor form is stripped from ground water by air stream and sometimes emitted into the atmosphere without any additional treatments. Activated carbon adsorption is one of the practical and useful processes for recovering the TCE vapor from the exhaust air stream. However, adsorption of the TCE vapor from the stripping air stream onto activated carbons is not so simple as that from dry air, since in the exhaust air stream the TCE vapor coexists with water vapor with relatively high concentrations. The understanding of the adsorption characteristics of the TCE vapor to be adsorbed on activated carbon in the water vapor-coexisting system is essential for successfully designing and operating the TCE recovery process. In this work, the adsorption equilibrium relations of the TCE vapor adsorption on activated carbons were elucidated as a function of various relative humidity. Activated carbon fibers (ACFs) were used as model activated carbon. The adsorption equilibrium relations were studied by the column adsorption method. The adsorption isotherms of TCE vapor adsorbed on sample ACFs were successfully correlated by the Dubinin-Radushkevich equation for both cases with and without coexistent water vapor. No effects of coexistent water vapor were found on the limiting adsorption volume. However, the adsorption characteristic energy was significantly reduced by the coexistence of water vapor and its reduction was successfully correlated with the equilibrium amount of water vapor adsorbed under the dynamic condition.     

Multi-component adsorption of Ag(I), Cd(II) and Cu(II) by natural carbonaceous materials

Adsorption of silver, cadmium and copper from aqueous solutions by natural carbonaceous materials was investigated. The studied series of natural materials (spruce wood, pine bark, cork, peat, fusinite, lignite, oxidised lignite, bituminous coal and anthracite) was extended to include industrial carbon-rich materials: coke, activated carbon F-400 and Multisorb 100. Adsorption was tested on a single-component system and on the binary and ternary mixtures. All the materials used differ in their ability to adsorb selected metals. The adsorption of metals is significantly affected by the presence of other ions in solution. Total metal uptake was considerably higher in a mixture than single-ion adsorption. Chemical reactions, such as precipitation and reduction of metallic silver, play a role in metal uptake by bituminous coal, coke and activated carbon.     

六盘水市煤炭行业竞争战略分析

我国是富煤贫油少气的国家,煤炭是我国最重要的一次能源。但从能源激烈的竞争市场环境而言,当前我国煤炭行业发展出现了困境。为了更好地发展六盘水地区的煤炭行业,结合竞争战略理论和六盘水市的煤炭行业发展状况,运用PEST分析法和波特五力模型对六盘水市煤炭行业进行分析,得出整合资源,结合自身优势大力吸引人才,最终达到产业转型的生态化煤炭发展战略模型。分析结果可为提高六盘水煤炭行业竞争力提供理论支持。     

Electricity prices in a competitive market: a preliminary analysis of the deregulated Thai electricity industry

The electricity industry throughout the world is currently undergoing a significant transition towards restructuring and deregulation. Following this new legislation, Thailand has initiated an institutional and structural reform with a belief that this could be the best way forward for the Thai electricity supply industry (ESI) to improve efficiency, lower electricity prices, and tackle financial debts. This paper presents an analysis of the extent to which prices for generation services in a competitive market may differ from regulated electricity prices, if competitive prices are based on marginal costs and regulated prices are based on average costs, by using Thailand as a case study.     

人类HLA-DRB1基因型与民族和人群的神经网络无监督模式分类

HLA-DRB1等位基因主要参与人类的抗原免疫功能,对其进行比较研究,有助于追溯人类的进化迁移史,开发类群特异性药物.本研究以Matlab为平台,用自组织竞争网络(Self-Organizing Competitive Neural Network),对世界54个民族和人群、14个HLA-DRB1等位基因,进行了无监督模式分类.结果表明,各民族之间存在差异性,同民族的各人群之间有相似性.西伯利亚各人群,澳洲各土著人群,黑人各人群,南美印第安各人群,犹太族各人群,日本各人群,及欧美白人各人群有相对独立性:南美印第安人与西伯利亚人有高度相似性;中国民族在南方人群和北方人群间存在较大差异;中国汉族中,广东汉族地位特殊,与少数民族如拉祜族、瑶族关系密切.     

Transmission congestion and voltage profile management coordination in competitive electricity markets

This paper describes a generalized active/reactive iterative coordination process between GENCOs and the Independent System Operator (ISO) for active (transmission congestion) and reactive (voltage profile) management in the day-ahead market. GENCOs apply priced-based unit commitment without transmission and voltage security constraints, schedule their units and submit their initial bids to the ISO. The ISO executes congestion and voltage profile management for eliminating transmission and voltage profile violations. If violations are not eliminated, the ISO minimizes the transmission and voltage profile violations and sends a signal via the Internet to GENCOs. GENCOs reschedule their units taking into account the ISO signals and submit modified bids to the ISO. The voltage problem is addressed and a linear model is formulated and used in the proposed method. The voltage problem is formulated as a linear programming with a block-angular structure and Dantzig-Wolfe decomposition is applied to generate several smaller problems for a faster and easier solution of large-scale power systems. Two 36 unit GENCOs are used to demonstrate the performance of the proposed generalized active/reactive coordination algorithm.     

产业市场竞争结构分析方法及其应用

针对产业市场环境因素分析法的不足,提出运用结构分析法来解决产业市场环境分析问题,产业市场结构分析的重点是竞争关系分析,本文在阐述具体分析方法的同时给出在焊管产业的一个应用案例。     

中国石化企业综合竞争能力评价指标体系探析

通过对中国支柱产业之一的石化企业的综合竞争力进行分析,力求对国有企业的综合竞争力有一个较为全面的认识。阐述了竞争力和竞争优势的概念,引入迈克尔·波特的价值链理论。根据价值链理论和石化企业自身的生产特点,将企业的活动分为原料加工、生产管理、市场营销管理、人力资源管理、技术管理、财务管理、风险管理和综合管理8个部分。在此基础上,提出设计指标体系的原则。在逐项分析的基础上,提出对企业的综合竞争能力进行总体评价的基本要求。