Exponential wavelet iterative shrinkage thresholding algorithm with random shift for compressed sensing magnetic resonance imaging

We propose the use of exponent of wavelet transform (EWT) coefficients as a sparse representation which is combined with the iterative shrinkage/threshold algorithm (ISTA) for the reconstruction of compressed sensing magnetic resonance imaging. In addition, random shifting (RS) is employed to guarantee the translation invariance property of discrete wavelet transform. The proposed method is termed the exponential wavelet iterative shrinkage/threshold algorithm with random shifting (EWISTARS), which takes advantages of the sparse representation of EWT, the simplicity of ISTA, and the translation invariance of RS. Simulation results on brain, vertebrae, and knee MR images demonstrate that EWISTARS is superior to existing algorithms with regard to reconstruction quality and computation time. © 2014 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

Traveling wave fault locator for mixed,overhead, and underground teed transmission feeders

Society is increasingly concerned about the environmental impact of energy systems, and prefers to locate power lines underground. This is especially true in regions of outstanding natural beauty or if they affect environmental/political/planning constrained areas. However, the use of underground sections within a predominantly overhead feeder introduces significant problems for the auto‐reclosure of circuit breakers. Auto‐reclosure is important on an overhead feeder, since most faults are transient and, once the feeder has been de‐energized, the insulation strength of the air at the fault recovers and the line can be restored to service. Faults on an underground cable are different because, once the insulation is damaged, the fault is normally permanent. In addition, if the breaker is allowed to reclose onto a cable fault, the area of damage increases and health and safety concerns exist for humans in the vicinity of the faulted cable section. The main purpose of the traveling‐wave‐based measurement scheme described in this paper is to locate a fault on a teed transmission feeder with mixed overhead and underground sections. Simulation results demonstrate that the fault locator can accurately locate all realistic faults, including ones that are high resistance or occur at nonideal points on wave. © 2015 Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan. Published by John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

SBS改性沥青中SBS含量测试方法研究

对基质沥青、SBS和6种SBS含量的SBS改性沥青进行了红外光谱测试.结果表明,SBS改性沥青红外光谱中966,699 cm-1处SBS基团特征吸收峰和810 cm-1处沥青基团特征吸收峰,可作为SBS定性和定量分析依据;单因素方差分析和多重均值比较表明,SBS含量对699 cm-1与810 cm-1处特征峰吸收面积比(A699/A810)具有显著性影响,且不同SBS含量的A699/A810值之间存在显著差异;A699/A810与SBS含量呈现良好线性关系(相关系数0.9983),可将A699/A810作为SBS含量定量分析指标.应用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)技术可实现SBS改性沥青中SBS含量的准确、快速测试.     

乙烯基酯树脂对玻璃纤维的浸润研究

为研究通用乙烯基酯树脂基体对玻璃纤维的浸润性能,考察了两种乙烯基酯树脂基体、三种玻璃纤维。通过添加助剂改变树脂体系的表面张力,以靶环实验测试不同树脂体系对三种玻璃纤维的浸润速率,采用RTM工艺灌注平板试验验证各树脂体系对玻璃纤维的浸润效果,优选出匹配性最好的树脂基体和玻璃纤维。研究表明,降低树脂体系表面张力有利于树脂对玻璃纤维的充分浸润,批产应用效果十分明显。     

Monitoring of Changes in Composition of Soybean Oil During Deep-Fat Frying with Different Food Types

Changes in the composition of soybean oil during deep‐fat frying with wheat dough (WD) and chicken breast meat (CBM) were comparatively investigated using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The amounts of saturated fatty acids (FAs) and short‐chain FAs were increased. The amount of unsaturated FAs was decreased as the processing time increased. An increase in the amount of tetradecanoic acid and 9‐cis‐hexadecanoic acid was observed during the CBM frying only. The FTIR spectrum of frying oil was analyzed by extracting the entire information as the area ratios based on vibration absorptions of the specific functional groups. Changes in content of functional groups, namely cis C=C, trans C=C, C=O, C–O, O–H, and C–H, were studied by the FTIR‐based method. Based on the changes in the content of FAs and functional groups, soybean oil fried with CBM degraded more quickly than that fried with WD. Moreover, good linear correlations between the change in contents of functional groups and the mass percentages of FAs were also observed. The FTIR‐based method could be used in real time to monitor the quality of frying oil during the deep‐fat frying.     

基于鲁棒性小波包峭度图的滚动轴承故障诊断

由于基于小波包变换滤波器的设计方法仍然是采用基于样本四阶矩的谱峭度,因此在实际应用中可能会存在非鲁棒性等问题。在此基础上定义了具有鲁棒性的谱峭度系数,提出了基于小波包变换的具有鲁棒性的峭度图算法。滚动轴承的实测信号验证了所提出的方法不仅能够真实地反映谱峭度大小,而且能够准确过滤出故障瞬态冲击成分,有利于基于包络谱分析轴承故障特征频率检测,说明其具有较好的应用前景。     

枪管导气槽检测方法研究与应用

某型手枪枪管导气槽尺寸检测是枪管质量检测的重要指标。从枪管的结构和导气槽的形状、位置出发,针对现有导气槽尺寸检测方法的局限性,提出了一种新型的导气槽缺陷无损检测方案。分析了基于线性可变差动变压器(linear variable differential transformer,简称LVDT)线性位移传感器和杠杆原理的检测原理,并阐述了小波去噪、离散小波变换法去趋势、非降采样小波变换法峰值检测等信号分析方法。经过现场测试,检测精度可达到1μm。相对于其他检测方法,该检测方法检测精度高、效率高。     

FRFT在转子起停车状态评估中的应用研究进展

转子起停车过程中由传统的等时间间隔采样所获得的机械动态信号已不再保持原有的周期特性,采用经典的基于傅里叶变换的谱分析方法进行信号处理不再有效。针对转子起停车状态评估中幅值、频率的非平稳特性所带来的问题,引入分数阶傅里叶变换研究了基于起停车信息的故障定性分析和定量识别方法,提出了基于分数阶全息原理的转子起停车故障特征提取方法,并在此基础上实现了基于分数阶主分量原理的转子故障特征模式定量分类。实验验证表明,该方法解决了转子起停车过程中瞬变信息的获取问题,能有效提取出起停车过程振动信号中的典型故障特征,可以实现对转子不同故障类型及不同故障程度的准确分类。     

改进的视角鲁棒KAZE特征匹配算法

针对KAZE特征匹配算法对视角变化敏感,在大视角场景下不能实现正确匹配的问题,提出了一种视角鲁棒的PKAZE(Perspective-KAZE)算法。该算法在原KAZE描述符的基础上,计算特征点邻域内的二阶梯度均值,形成新的扩展的80维描述符;然后利用透视变换模型对待匹配影像进行多视角模拟,在模拟影像上提取改进的KAZE描述符,再进行特征匹配。最后,选取5对含有最多正确匹配数量的影像上的匹配对作为初始结果,利用随机抽样一致算法对初始结果提纯。对多组图像进行了匹配实验,结果表明:与KAZE、尺度不变特征变换(SIFT)和加速鲁棒特征(SURF)算法相比,所提算法对视角变化具有更强的鲁棒性;与透视尺度不变特征(PSIFT)和仿射尺度不变特征(ASIFT)算法相比,本算法匹配正确率更高,分别为PSIFT的2~10倍,ASIFT的2~7倍。提出的算法对视角变化具有很好的鲁棒性,不仅对模拟影像的视角变化很稳健,而且适用于真实三维复杂场景拍摄的大视角影像,具有一定的实用价值。     

生物特征模板保护综述

近年来频繁出现的网络安全事件使得网络安全上升到国家战略的高度,可靠的互联网身份认证是互联网应用的关键环节,基于生物特征的身份认证技术可以保证用户物理身份和数字身份的一致性而受到关注。为了保护生物特征模板的安全性和隐私性,近年来提出了生物特征模板保护研究。首先分析了生物特征识别系统面临的安全问题,对生物特征模板保护技术在生物特征识别系统中的定位和具体概念进行了介绍。其次,基于国内外的研究工作,归纳了各类生物特征模板保护技术的特点、效果和应用范围,包括生物哈希、不可逆变换法、密钥绑定以及密钥生成等;阐述了每类方法的主要思想、代表性工作以及主要特点,并从隐私性、实用性、敏感性、安全性和认证性能方面对其中的典型方法进行了总结对比;进一步介绍了多生物特征融合的模板保护算法,主要包括多模态生物特征和单模态生物特征的不同特征融合的模板保护方法。最后,对生物特征模板保护存在的问题进行了分析,并对进一步的研究方向进行了展望。